Removal of contaminants in leachate from landfill by waste steel scrap and converter slag

This study may be the first investigation to be performed into the potential benefits of recycling industrial waste in controlling contaminants in leachate. Batch reactors were used to evaluate the efficacy of waste steel scrap and converter slag to treat mixed contaminants using mimic leachate solution. The waste steel scrap was prepared through pre-treatment by an acid-washed step, which retained both zero-valent iron site and iron oxide site. Extensive trichloroethene (TCE) removal (95%) occurred by acid-washed steel scrap within 48 h. In addition, dehalogenation (Cl⁻ production) was observed to be above 7.5% of the added TCE on a molar basis for 48 h. The waste steel scrap also removed tetrachloroethylene (PCE) through the dehalogenation process although to a lesser extent than TCE. Heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) were extensively removed by both acid-washed steel scrap and converter slag through the adsorption process. Among salt ions (NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, and PO₄³⁻), PO₄³⁻ was removed by both waste steel scrap (100% within 8 h) and converter slag (100% within 20 min), whereas NO₃^- and NH₄⁺ were removed by waste steel scrap (100% within 7 days) and converter slag (up to 50% within 4 days) respectively. This work suggests that permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) with waste steel scrap and converter slag might be an effective approach to intercepting mixed contaminants in leachate from landfill.     

炉渣在处理锅炉湿法除法废水中的资源性开发应用

利用燃煤炉渣直接过滤锅炉湿法除尘废水，可以提高出水水质，对废水中SS、COD和HSO4^-有显著去除效果，出水可以满足循环回用要求。     

The Reuse of Urban and Industrial Waste in Tai-Lin-Pu Reclamation Project, Taiwan

This study introduces the principles of KMG's (Kaoshiung Municipal Government) dealing with the non-poisonous urban and industrial waste through reclamation of shore land in reinforcing a sense of coastal protection and land development in Tai-Lin-Pu coastal area, southern Taiwan.

Through a series of experimental studies, we found that substitutes of coarse aggregate with a broad spectrum of integrating slag powder, fly ash, and cementitious material can be obtained with a benefit up to 80% saving of cement. the integrated aggregates from the non-poisonous industrial wastes were subsequently made into armour units and used in the field tests at Tai-Lin-Pu coastal area, where the shorelines are seriously eroded. After being subjected to several severe typhoon advents, the results showed that the waste-made units used as the protection breakwater, together with construction wastes and excavated soil as the filling material, prove to be an effective practice in utilizing recycled urban waste to reclaim erosive shore lands. Moreover, this study also demonstrates that through detailed analysis of the waste characteristics, scrap material could be turned into valuable construction aggregates, and highlights the value of non-poisonous urban and industrial waste as a alternative resource for the shore protection engineering.     

改性钢渣除磷试验研究

研究了改性钢渣的吸附除磷效果。试验结果表明，钢渣对废水中的磷的去除率较高，当废水中磷质量浓度为10mg／L，pH值为弱酸或弱碱性条件下，钢渣的用量1g/100mL时，在15min内就可使残留液质量浓度降低到0．1mg／L，远远低于国家排放标准，去除率达到99％以上，对水体富营养化处理具有很重要的意义。     

离子交换树脂处理含铬废水的研究

介绍了离子交换树脂处理含铬废水的原理,讨论了影响离子交换树脂处理能力的因素,通过pH值静态实验和流量动态实验找出了最佳反应条件.结果显示:离子交换树脂去除废水中六价铬是可行的,处理效果好.针对本次实验废水的最适合pH值为3,废水的最适合流量为3 BV/h.     

烧结脱硫灰制备胶凝材料强度影响因素研究

通过正交及单因素试验方法研究了烧结烟气半干法脱硫灰复掺矿渣、钢渣,辅之外加剂,制备生态胶凝材料的可行性。结果表明采用分别预磨钢渣、矿渣及水泥熟料再与经低温煅烧的改性脱硫灰混磨制备的复合生态胶凝材料,具有良好的安定性、水化性能和力学性能;初凝时间、终凝时间合格。正交试验确定了一定比例和掺量的矿渣和钢渣复掺15%改性脱硫灰、15%水泥熟料和0.5%激发剂时胶凝材料的各项性能较好,通过单因素试验对方案进行了优化,用SEM对两组配方的水泥净浆体进行晶形微观分析,验证了不同水化产物在不同龄期对水泥体的强度影响。     

高炉矿渣在水处理领域中的应用

高炉矿渣是高炉炼铁过程中产生的主要固体废物,针对我国高炉矿渣的成分和性质特点,分别介绍了其在处理重金属废水、有机废水等领域的研究情况,对于其中可能影响处理效果的原因进行了分析,展望了高炉矿渣在水处理领域应用的广阔前景。     

湿法脱硫渣制备硫铝酸盐水泥的实验研究

以脱硫渣、石灰石、铝土矿为主要原料,经配方设计,在1250℃条件下烧制硫铝酸盐水泥。运用X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段,对水泥熟料中各矿相的生成过程和水化产物进行了分析。结果表明,熟料主要矿物C4A3S和C2S发育良好;水泥净浆试块的1d、3d、28d抗压强度分别达到了44.3MPa、54.1MPa、67.5MPa,后期强度增进稳定;水化产物的结晶相主要由针状或纤维状的钙矾石组成,浆体结构致密。     

铁矿渣去除水中砷实验研究

铁矿渣是常见的廉价固体废弃物之一,以铁矿渣为吸附材料,运用环境扫描电子显微镜和X-射线衍射仪分析其形貌和矿物成份,进行静态批实验和动态土柱吸附实验。研究表明铁矿渣对高砷水中五价砷的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温曲线,温度对吸附砷效果影响明显,较高温度有利于砷的吸附(40℃30℃20℃),温度主要影响吸附过程中孔隙扩散阶段的吸附速率,高砷水呈酸性时吸附效果优于碱性条件。土柱吸附实验当进水砷为1829.2μg/L时,进水体积比为1200倍时,出水浓度仍低于50μg/L,且出水的铁、铜、银、锌等金属离子均未超标。该论文为进一步探究铁矿渣对高砷水中砷的去除提供了实验研究支撑。     

湘西汞矿区土壤中重金属的空间分布特征及其生态环境意义

采用HG-ICP-AES和ICP-MS法测定了湘西茶田汞矿区典型土壤剖面（远离矿口处的自然土壤剖面P₁、矿口附近的自然土壤剖面P₂和汞矿渣下覆土壤剖面P₃）不同层次的土壤及矿区的矿石、废矿和矿渣等环境样品中Hg及其它重金属的含量,在此基础上,结合富集系数法和相关分析等地统计学方法,探讨了汞矿区土壤中Hg等重金属的来源、分布及迁移特征.结果表明,Hg在P₁剖面中呈底层富集趋势,而在P₂、P₃剖面中均表现出明显的表层富集现象;P₂、P₃剖面土壤都遭受了Hg的污染,但P₃的污染更为严重,其土壤表层的Hg含量达到640 　μg·g^-1,剖面Hg平均含量为(76.74±171.71) 　μg·g^-1,Hg向下迁移的深度超过100 cm,分别高于P₂的6.5 　μg·g^-1、(2.74±1.90) 　μg·g^-1和40 cm;除成矿元素Hg污染严重外,矿区土壤中还存在着Cd、As、Pb、Zn的污染,且以Cd的污染较为严重;矿区土壤剖面中重金属的迁移能力为Hg>Cd>As>Zn ≈ Pb,并受元素在表土层的含量及土壤理化参数的影响.研究表明,矿区土壤剖面中重金属的来源、分布及迁移既受原生地质环境的影响,更与人类采选矿活动密切相关.