石油勘探开发过程中推行清洁生产初探

就如何搞好石油勘探开发过程中的清洁生产进行了研究和探讨，总结了现行的清洁生产技术。对搞好石油勘探开发过程中的环保工作有一定的作用。     

Comparison of biomass production and biological nitrogen fixation of multi-species pastures (mixed herb leys) with perennial ryegrass-white clover pasture with and without irrigation in Canterbury, New Zealand

Legume-based pastures in Australasia are predominantly perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.). These pastures have disadvantages such as limitations in the production and persistence of white clover and ryegrass in drought prone regions. With the increasing interest in organic agriculture, more complex pasture mixtures are seen as an alternative to the standard ryegrass-white clover (RWC) pasture. Although anecdotal evidence exists to support the benefits of alternative pastures, there is insufficient scientific evidence to support or refute these claims. The present study was conducted to compare three different alternative multi-species (mixed herb leys) (MSP) pastures with the standard RWC pasture with and without irrigation, in terms of biomass and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) over a period of 1 year under field conditions in Canterbury, New Zealand. Isotopic dilution technique involving field ¹⁵N-microplots were used to measure BNF. Irrigation doubled dry matter yields (DMY) of all pastures compared with those under dryland. There was no significant difference between DMY of all pastures under dryland. However, under irrigation, MSP pastures out-yield RWC pasture in total and legume DMY. Red clover MSP produced significantly lower DMY than the comprehensive or lucerne MSP treatment, probably due to the ability of lucerne in extracting water from deeper soil depth. Seasonal changes in plant composition varied according to the species sown, soil moisture status and temperature. Total and seasonal amounts of N₂ fixed followed the same trend as the DMY and were related to the DMY of legumes. On average, about 26–34 kg N was fixed per tonne of legume DMY, showing a uniformity across all pastures. Overall, based on the present results of 1-year study, the MSP pastures tend to result in higher DMY, BNF and legume growth compared with that of the RWC pasture, provided irrigation is available. With increased BNF, these irrigated MSP pastures may provide high quality feed to grazing animals.     

蓄能器爆炸事故原因推断及防控措施

囊式蓄能器是液压系统中常用的压力容器。在更换胶囊和(或)充装氮气时如操作不当,有发生爆炸的风险。通过对一起蓄能器爆炸事故的调查,经计算、推论,得出此次爆炸是一起物理爆炸。并就事故发生原因及其爆炸强度、危害程度进行了分析。提出生产商和使用单位应制定科学的、可行的标准操作程序(Standard Operation Program,SOP),并要求工人在实际操做中严格执行,加强过程控制,避免事故的发生。     

从ISO14000的实施论清洁生产的市场机制

在回顾市场机制在ISO14000标准成功实施中的作用基础上,对我国清洁生产推动中市场机制的缺乏而影响清洁生产的实施效果进行了反思,提出了基于市场的清洁生产推动机制的设想。     

MKJ型静电空气消毒洁净器的研制

应用工业电除尘的原理,采用正离子浸润来菌和镜象力荷电吸附除菌,只考虑细菌尘粒的粒径,不考虑其生物性的技术路线,设计了一种小型组合式静电场装置,配以高频高压恒流电源室内空气洁净器,面面积２０ｍ＾２,高３ｍ的室内使用可达到１万级洁净度（０．５μｍ粒子浓度〈３５０个／Ｌ）。医院手术室和重症监护病房的应用实例结果表明,具有在有人场合下连续消毒除菌和去除异味的优点。     

环境对装备的影响及装备环境工程标准分析

阐述了环境及影响对装备的重要性，研究了MIL-STD-810F、DEFSTAN00-35、NATOSTANG4370、GJB4239等装备环境工程标准的特点，提出了我国开展环境工程的建议。     

有关森林公园环境容量预测的探讨

提出了预测森林公园环境容量的临界准则，进而就环境容量的预测方法、指标等结合实例进行了探讨。     

Cleaner production for continuous digester processes based on hybrid Pareto genetic algorithm

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探析清洁生产模式在化工企业的应用与效益

介绍了河南神马尼龙化工公司的生产工艺及存在的主要环境问题,指出进行清洁生产的必要性和可行性,并从生产工艺改进、水再生及回用、设备改造、废物回收利用及清洁生产管理等多个方面介绍了河南神马尼龙化工公司实施清洁生产的具体措施,分析了该企业实施清洁生产后产生的效果,实施后达到了充分优化工艺、回收资源、降低系统能耗、减少污染排放、保护环境并取得了良好经济效益和社会效益的三赢目的,对相关企业起到相应的参考作用,从而可以加快清洁生产在化工企业的应用.     

造纸行业环境影响评价中清洁生产评价的实践与思考

造纸行业是资金密集型、技术密集型产业,企业能耗、水耗、资源消耗很大.随着产品产量的增加,行业污染物排放量势必存在增长趋势,造纸行业清洁生产潜力巨大,造纸项目环境影响评价中的清洁生产水平评价变得越来越重要.就造纸行业环境影响评价中清洁生产水平评价的评价指标、评价方法、评价工作中遇到的实际问题以及当前形势对环境影响评价的更高要求以及应对办法等进行了论述.