江苏省环境系统特点及环境污染状况

江苏省自然特点为单一而脆弱,表面为平原为主,水域面积较大,山地少,森林覆盖率低,生物种类少,江苏省社会环境特点为人均资源少,经济基础好,交通发达,城市密集和人才优势明显;江苏省的废气,废水,固体,噪声污染日益严重。由于上述特点和原因,江苏省农业机械化,现代化程度较高,水产养殖业发达,但应进一步提高农业集约化程度和大力推广生态农业整治环境污染,利用天在河道进一步发展养殖业;江苏省工业轻,重并举以轻为     

长江流域粮食生产态势与潜力

通过大量的资料分析了长江流域在进入９０年代后的粮食生产的消费态势。粮食生产过程中存在的主要问题,及其对讹诈 影响,资料分析表明,长流域七省一市的粮食生产表现为,粮食单产略有提高,粮食总产徘徊,粮食消费量与居民的经济收入密切相关。     

辛醇生产废水处理技术

对国内外辛醇生产废水的处理方法作了介绍,并对较先进的酸化萃取法和厌氧生化－好氧生化－碳黑吸附法作了详细分析。     

Effects of irrigation on the environment of selected areas of the Western United States and implications to world population growth and food production

Studies of irrigation drainage in the Western United States have documented some of the effects of irrigating land without first understanding and then considering implications from the interdependent relationships of hydrology, geology, geochemistry, biology, climatology, land use and socio-economic issues. In studies completed in 26 areas, selenium is the trace element found most often at elevated concentrations in water, bottom material and biota. Boron, arsenic, mercury and pesticide residues have also been found at elevated levels in some areas. Bioaccumulation of constituents associated with irrigation drainage is common. As the world experiences an explosive population growth, particularly in poorer countries, demands for food production from marginal, submarginal and newly irrigated soils are likely to cause severe adverse environmental impacts from allocation of limited water resources and contamination from irrigation drainwater. Cultivated marginal land is highly susceptible to degradation from soil erosion, salinization and waterlogging, not withstanding release of contaminants from application of irrigation water.     

加强水土保持 防止生态恶化

本文论述了水土水流失对生态环境的影响和对农业生产的危害，阐明增强环境意识，加强水土保持时防止生态恶化，是我国振兴农业的重要性与紧迫性的任务。     

清洁生产与环境保护对策

介绍清洁生产的概念及其产生的背景。针对江汉石油管理局的现状，提出了实施清洁生产的几点设想，以期尽快将清洁生产付诸实施的同时带来经济效益和环境效益。     

天然放射性物质及环境问题

天然放射性物质（ｎａｔｕｒａｌｌｙｏｃｃｕｒｒｉｎｇｒａｄｉｏａｃｔｉｖｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ，简称ＮＯＲＭ）广泛存在于地层中，当石油或天然气从地下开采出来时，痕量的天然放射性核素如镭、氧等也随之采出，并分别集中于管道及设备的垢层或天然气加工装置的内壁薄膜上。文章在对外文资料调研的基础上，将ＮＯＲＭ的有关知识、存在场所、对人体潜在的危害途径及有关辐射防护方法进行了介绍。     

Use of a generalized linear model to evaluate range forage production estimates

Interdisciplinary teams have been used in federal land planning and in the private sector to reach consensus on the environmental impact of management. When a large data base is constructed, verifiability of the accuracy of the coded estimates and the underlying assumptions becomes a problem. A mechanism is provided by the use of a linear statistical model to evaluate production coefficients in terms of errors in coding and underlying assumptions. The technique can be used to evaluate other intuitive models depicting natural resource production in relation to prescribed variables, such as site factors or secondary succession.     

Community Exchange and Training in the Suid Bokkeveld: A UNCCD Pilot Project to Enhance Livelihoods and Natural Resource Management

Community knowledge exchanges have played a key role in developmental processes in the Suid Bokkeveld community of South Africa. Two exchange visits were undertaken with the support of the Department of Agriculture and an NGO, the Environmental Monitoring Group, which have led to local economic development and enhanced capacity to manage natural resources in a sustainable manner. These pilot projects were undertaken within the framework of the Community Exchange and Training Programme of the Global Mechanism of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD). The methodology applied included facilitation to develop a community-based vision for development, in terms of which the community exchange process was designed. A Facilitation Team of service providers conducted preparatory workshops, and identified potential partner communities. Two exchange visits were carried out, one focused on Rooibos production and marketing, and the other on community-based eco-tourism. Following report-back and planning workshops, emerging community-driven initiatives were supported through their formative stages. The initiatives have not only resulted in enhanced livelihoods, but the methodology has also been applied widely in a number of different contexts.     

城市生态环境质量评价初探

以新疆乌鲁木齐市、石河子市、克拉玛依市为例,依据城市生态学理论,对城市的生产位、生态位、环境位进行评估,并对评价结果进行综合分析,以确定城市生态环境质量的优劣,以此反映城市经济发展、人类各种活动和环境保护之间的适应程度.