云南省关停企业遗留危险废物管理现状调查研究

通过对云南省关停企业遗留危险废物的产生源、历史变迁、管理现状调查研究,对受污染的场地进行风险评价,提出相应的管理对策.     

A mathematical model to estimate errors associated with closed flux chambers

Errors associated with the closed flux chamber technique, used to measure surface emissions from landfills, were investigated by using a combination of numerical modeling and laboratory studies. A transient-state, advective–dispersive–reactive model was developed and used in conjunction with its steady-state version to quantify the errors associated with closed flux chambers. In developing the model, all four major gases, CH₄, O₂, CO₂, and N₂, and the oxidation of CH₄ to CO₂ were considered. Laboratory experiments were conducted on a monolayered as well as a two-layered landfill cover system to calibrate and verify the model. The model was used to develop a plot of the percentage errors associated with closed flux chambers of different dimensions and surface flux rates.     

稻田冬闲期CO2气体排放的观测研究

亚热带红壤稻作区是华中地区的主要生态系统类型,在生态、经济以及社会效益方面都起着非常重要的作用。为了解这一生态区域的碳循环过程的因素和机理,同时为进一步解释农田碳循环过程对温室气体CO2的影响提供科学依据,采用静态箱式法对亚热带红壤性稻田长达约5个月的冬季休闲期(2005年11月—2006年4月)CO2气体排放通量进行了田间原位观测,并结合同步气象资料进行了分析。结果表明:亚热带红壤性稻田冬闲期CO2通量与近地面CO2体积分数的季节变化基本同步,与地面稻田生态系统的CO2通量对大气CO2体积分数的影响60%;CO2通量日变化规律基本为昼吸夜排:白天表现为田间杂草光合作用的结果,受光合有效辐射的影响,CO2通量与光合有效辐射的关系符合对数曲线,相关性达到显著水平;夜晚则以呼吸过程为主,主要受温度的影响,CO2通量与温度呈线性关系,其中气温和5cm地温最适宜用作于描述夜间CO2通量对温度变化的响应的指标。亚热带红壤性稻田生态系统在149d的休闲期内从大气中累积吸碳量(以CO2计)约4.03t·hm-2,表现为大气的碳汇。     

压气站轻烃放空系统全密闭流程改造

介绍了胜利油田集输公司压气站轻烃放空系统全密闭改造的必要性、改造方案 ,以及改造后对安全环保所带来的深远意义     

川中丘陵区荒坡利用方式对水土流失影响的研究

川中丘陵区荒坡面积占据一定比重,防治水土流失,合理利用荒坡水土资源,对发展本区经济起着重要作用。本文通过网点观测来探求合理利用方式,为荒坡开发利用提供决策依据。     

曝气池噪声控制

本文根据污水处理厂曝气池的相关技术参数及声学原理,通过对污水处理厂曝气池封闭,转蝶电机设置隔声罩、对盖板进行隔声覆盖、曝气池设置进出风消声器,能有效地对主要噪声源进行控制。同时,对曝气池进风消声器的特殊要求进行讨论。     

Effect of linear alkyl benzene sulfonates (LAS) on the fate of phenanthrene in a model ecosystem (water-lava-plant-air)

Advanced closed chamber system was used to study the fate of phenanthrene (3-rings PAHs) in the presence of linear alkylbenzene sulphonates (LAS). The results showed mineralization and metabolism of phenanthrene are fast in the “culture solution-lava-plant-air“ model ecological system. The distribution proportions of applied ^14C-activity in this simulative ecological system were 41%-45%, 14% to 10% and 1% in plant, lava and culture solution respectively, and 18% to 29%, 11% to 8% recovered in the forms of VOCs and CO2. Main parts of the applied ^14C-activity exist in two forms, one is polar metabolites(25%) which mainly distribute in the root(23%),the other is unextractable part (23%) which have been constructed into plant root (8.98%), shoot (0.53%) or bonded to lava(13.2%). The main metabolites of phenanthrene were polar compounels (25% of applied ^14C-activity), and small portion of ^14C-activity was identified as non-polar metabolites(6% of applied ^14C-activity) and apparent phenanthrene(1.91% of applied ^14C-activity). Phenanthrene and its metabolites can be taken up through plant roots and translocated to plant shoots. The presence of LAS significantly increased the the concentration of ^14C-activity in the plant and production of VOCs, at the same time it decreased the phenanthrene level in the plant and the production of CO2 at the concentration of 200 mg/L.     

浅层气浮处理微污染水体机理研究

采用中水作为小区封闭景观水体的原水和补充水,针对景观水体受污染的特点,构建一种结合生物与气浮技术优点的处理方法,重点分析影响其处理效果的各种因素,建立包含一个主流程和两个内部循环的BOAF高效浅层气浮净化处理装置系统。实验结果表明,BOAF浅层气浮技术用于处理微污染水体是可行的,为中水景观水体的应用和推广提供了坚实的技术保障。     

ZL-1与PAM联用治理煤泥水的研究

针对煤泥水难以自然沉降的问题，研究了煤泥水的性质，提出了新的混凝剂ZL—1与PAM联用的治理方法。该方法简单，处理效果好，处理后上清水完全回用于洗煤，实现了洗水闭路循环。     

中、小型印染企业废水处理工艺的选择

随着印染工艺和产品结构的改变,印染水质同时也发生了很大变化,印染废水的处理难度也随之加大。针对印染废水的这一特点,本文首次提出了以膜分离技术为核心印染废水闭路循环处理技术,以实现印染废水的再生利用,解决印染废水对环境的危害。膜分离技术对中、小型印染企业废水处理是比较经济适用的废水处理技术,并以某企业40m3/d印染废水处理工程为例对该工艺进行了深入的研究。