中晚期垃圾渗滤液的处理研究

垃圾渗滤液的处理一直是近几年污水处理领域的热点和难点问题.采用"吹脱-SBR-混凝沉淀-氯化"处理工艺对中晚期垃圾渗滤液进行实验研究,确定了各工艺的最佳运行参数,并对SBR的强化进行了新的探索.结果表明,该工艺可使垃圾渗滤液的COD值从1360 mg/L下降到93.6 mg/L,BOD5值从320 mg/L降低到28mg/L,NH3-N的值从1098.6 mg/L下降到16.1 mg/L,出水色度接近无色,处理效果良好.     

混凝对微滤膜处理含磷废水的影响

采用直接微滤和混凝-微滤2种工艺对高浓度含磷废水进行了处理.结果表明,混凝预处理减轻了膜孔堵塞污染,改善了膜表面沉积层的存在形态,提高了膜的渗透通量;与原水直接微滤相比,混凝-微滤组合工艺改进了出水水质,磷酸盐的去除率从11.0%提高到99.7%,出水满足国家一级排放标准;经过相同方法清洗后,混凝-微滤工艺的膜通量能恢复到初始通量的90%以上,而直接微滤工艺的膜通量只能恢复到初始通量的72%.     

Effects of pre-ozonation on organic matter removal by coagulation with IPF-PACI

Ozone plays an important role as a disinfectant and oxidant in potable water treatment practice and is increasingly being used as a pre-oxidant before coagulation. The purpose of this study is to obtain insight into the mechanisms that are operative in pre-ozonized coagulation. Effects ofpre-ozonation on organic matter removal during coagulation with IPF-PAC1 were investigated by using PDA （photometric disperse analysis）, apparent molecular weight distribution and chemical fractionation. The dynamic formation of flocs during coagulation process was detected. Changes of aquatic organic matter （AOM） structure resulted from the influence of pre-ozonation were evaluated. Results show that dosage of O3 and characteristics of AOM are two of the major factors influencing the performance of O3 on coagulation. No significant coagulation-aid effect of O3 was observed for all experiments using either A1C13 or PAC1. On the contrary, with the application of pre-ozonation, the coagulation efficiency of A1C13 was significantly deteriorated, reflected by the retardation of floc formation, and the removal decreases of turbidity, DOC, and UV254. However, if PACl was used instead of AlCl3, the adverse effects of pre-ozonation were mitigated obviously, particularly when the O3 dosage was less than 0.69 （mg O3/mg TOC）. The difference between removals of UV254, and DOC indicated that pre-ozonation greatly changed the molecular structure of AOM, but its capability of mineralization was not remarkable. Only 5% or so DOC was removed by pre-ozonation at 0.6--0.8 mg/L alone. Fractionation results showed that the organic products of pre-ozonation exhibited lower molecular weight and more hydrophilicity, which impaired the removal of DOC in the following coagulation process.     

电化腐蚀－还原降解－混凝吸附法处理印染废水的研究

为了处理印染废水,介绍一种以铁屑、烟道灰或瓦斯灰为处理剂的新方法,探讨了处理机理,给出了适宜的处理条件和工艺流程。实验结果表明,当处理剂用量比在4：6左右,铁屑过滤和混凝吸附的pH值分别控制在4～5和8～9时,处理20min,经处理后的印染废水,COD去除率和脱色率均可达90％以上,出水COD全部低于100mg/L,水质清澈透明,各项水质指标均符合国家排放标准。该法适用于中小型纺织印染厂的废水治理。     

洁霉素生产废水处理的研究

采用水解（酸化）－二段投菌生物接触氧化－混凝工艺处理浓度洁霉素废水,中试结果表明：进水ＣＯＤ浓度为３５００－５０００ｍｇ／Ｌ范围时,出水ＣＯＤ平均去除率大于９５％,进水ＢＯＤ浓度为１０００－１５００ｍｇ／Ｌ范围时,出水ＢＯＤ平均去除率大于９６％,各项指标达到国家ＧＢ８９７８－８８排放标准。     

高浓度Cu-COD废水处理方法研究

采用化学凝聚-生物流化床法对含Cu1700—3800mg/L和COD3900—5400mg/L的Cu-COD)废水进行处理试验研究。着重研究了生物流化床挂膜驯化条件和废水停留时间、容积负荷,气水比及化学凝聚条件等与去除COD和Cu的关系。试验结果表明,采用凝聚-生物流化床组合工艺并在控制适宜条件下,处理高浓度Cu-COD废水是有效的,处理后排放水中铜浓度可达0.20—0.82mg/L,COD可达150—180mg/L,铜总去除率可达99.97％,COD总去除率可达95％—96％。     

絮凝科学的研究与进展

概述近年来絮凝领域一些重要研究：设计操作图：快速混合的物理模型、最佳絮凝剂投量的预计、无分子絮凝剂、最佳处理方案的选择等。提出了若干尚需研究的课题,它们分属模型研究、性研究、最佳过程设计及絮凝剂新品种开发诸方面。     

铁屑流化床预处理-催化氧化-混凝沉淀组合工艺处理有机硅废水

采用铁屑流化床预处理、负载活性炭催化剂催化氧化和混凝沉淀组合工艺处理有机硅废水。废水经铁屑流化床预处理后Cu^2＋的去除率达99．90％,COD去除率达23．9％;负载活性炭催化剂催化氧化的最佳工艺条件：催化剂质量浓度为0．5g/L,H202质量浓度为2400mg/L,不投加FeSO4,反应时间为60min,体系pH为3-4,COD去除率达82％。催化氧化后的废水经混凝沉淀处理,调节pn为8-9,可达标排放。     

UV/Fenton氧化-混凝联合工艺处理含酚废水

采用UV／Fenton氧化-混凝联合工艺对模拟苯酚废水进行处理,探讨了UV／Fenton预氧化程度和混凝处理条件对模拟苯酚废水处理效果的影响。结果表明,采用混凝处理,COD去除率仅为14．1％;当UV／Fenton预氧化处理过程中H2O2的质量浓度为150～300mg／L时,废水的混凝性能可提高1．5倍以上;当H2O2质量浓度为450mg／L、光反应时间为30min时,采用UV／Fenton氧化一混凝工艺联合处理后COD去除率达82．7％。苯酚废水采用UV／Fenton预氧化处理后,进行混凝处理过程的适宜pH为6．5,混凝剂Fe^3 的适宜质量浓度为500mg／L.     

Optimized Coagulation of High Alkalinity, Low Temperature and Particle Water: pH Adjustment and Polyelectrolytes as Coagulant Aids

The Yellow River in winter as source water is characterized as high alkalinity, low temperature and low particle concentrations, which have brought many difficulties to water treatment plants. This study fully examines the optimized coagulation process of the Yellow River by conventional and pre-polymerized metal coagulants, pH adjustment and polyelectrolytes as the primary coagulants or coagulant aids. For all the metal coagulants, polyaluminum chlorides are superior to traditional metal coagulants due to their stable polymeric species and low consumption of alkalinity. The removal of natural organic matter by monomeric metal coagulants can be improved through pH adjustment, which is in accordance with the higher concentration of polymeric species formed at corresponding pH value. With the addition of polyelectrolytes as coagulant aids, the coagulation performance is significantly improved. The effective removal of dissolved organic matter is consistent with high charge density, while molecular weight is relatively important for removing particles, which is consistent with polyelectrolytes as primary coagulants. These results suggest that the coagulation mechanisms in the removal of dissolved organic matter and particles are different, which may be exploited for optimized coagulation for the typical source water in practice.