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排序方式: 共有892条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
761.
Jinming Duan Xiaoting Cao Cheng Chen Dongrui Shi Genmao Li Dennis Mulcahy 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2012,24(9):1609-1615
The effects of addition of calcium hydroxide on aluminum sulphate(or alum) coagulation for removal of natural organic matter(NOM) and its subsequent effect on the formation potentials of two major types of regulated disinfection byproducts(DBPs),haloacetic acids(HAAs) and trihalomethanes(THMs),have been examined.The results revealed several noteworthy phenomena.At the optimal coagulation pH(i.e.6),the coagulation behavior of NOM water solutions versus alum dose,showed large variation and a consequent great change in the formation potentials of the DBPs at certain coagulant doses.However,with addition of a relatively small amount of Ca(OH) 2,although the zeta potential of coagulated flocs remained almost the same,NOM removal became more consistent with alum dose.Importantly,also the detrimental effect of charge reversal on NOM removal at the low coagulant dose disappeared.This resulted in a steady decrease in the formation potentials of DBPs as a function of the coagulant dose.Moreover,the addition of Ca(OH) 2 broadened the pH range of alum coagulation and promoted further reduction of the formation potentials of the DBPs.The enhancement effects of Ca(OH) 2 assisted alum coagulation are especially pronounced at pH 7 and 8.Finally,synchronous fluorescence spectra showed that the reduction in DBPs formation potential by Ca(OH) 2-assisted alum coagulation was connected to an enhanced removal of small hydrophobic and hydrophilic HA molecules.Ca(OH) 2-assistance of alum coagulation appeared to increase substantially the removal of the hydrophilic HA fraction responsible for HAAs formation,prompting further reduction of HAA formation potentials. 相似文献
762.
Experimental and theoretical analysis were made on the natural humic acid removal and the membrane fouling of ultrafiltration (UF) with in-line coagulation. The results showed dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and UV254 removals by the UF with in-line coagulation at pH 7 were increased from 28% to 53% and 40% to 78% in comparison with direct UF treatment respectively. At the same time, the analysis of high performance liquid chromatography showed that UF with coagulation had significant improvement of removal of humic acid with molecular weights less than 6000 Da in particular. Compared to direct UF, the in-line coagulation UF also kept more constant permeate flux and very slight increase oftransmembrane pressure during a filtration circle. Two typical membrane fouling models were used by inducing two coefficients Kc and Kp corresponding to cake filtration model and pore narrowing model respectively. It was found that membrane fouling by pore-narrowing effect was effectively alleviated and that by cake-filtration was much decreased by in-line coagulation. Under the condition of coagulation prior to ultrafiltration at pH 7, the cake layer formed on the membrane surface became thicker, but the membrane filtration resistance was lower than that at pH 5 with the extension of operation time. 相似文献
763.
对nano-SiO2与PAC复配使用强化混凝处理城市污水进行了实验研究。探讨了nano-SiO2在水中的分散效果、nano-SiO2强化混凝的工艺条件及强化效果。实验表明,与常规PAC强化混凝相比,nano-SiO2强化混凝能有效提高城市污水的除污效果、改善矾花沉降性能、缩短沉淀时间、提高城市污水化学絮凝强化一级处理工艺的抗冲击能力。同时投加nano-SiO2(25mg/L)与PAC(75mg/L)后,先快速搅拌(250r/min)2min,然后慢速搅拌(60r/mln)8min,再沉淀3min,出水COD、TP及浊度去除率分别为50.47%、79.84%和90.93%,较单独投加PAC(75mg/L)分别提高28.43%、39.94%和62.18%。 相似文献
764.
采用Fenton试剂氧化-混凝联合工艺对难处理络合铜镍电镀废水进行了研究,考察了废水初始pH值、H2O2初始浓度、[Fe2 ]/[H2O2]、反应时间和温度、混凝液pH、混凝剂质量浓度对处理过程的影响,探讨了废水的降解途径和机理.结果表明,在体系初始pH=4,温度30℃,H2O2投加量为800mg/L,[Fe2 ]/[H2O2]=0.1,反应时间60 min,混凝液pH=8及混凝剂质量浓度为500mg/L的条件下,废水的COD去除率为96.98%,Cu2 为99.91%,Ni2 为99.92%,处理水完全达到国家一级排放标准.同时依据GC/MS对X-GN降解最终产物的分析结果,推导出废水的基本降解机理和途径. 相似文献
765.
766.
767.
数值模拟了封闭环境内非球形超细颗粒物的动力学演化,以探讨颗粒物的沉积和凝并行为.采用泰勒展开方法导出了描述颗粒物动力学这两种行为共同作用的矩方程.通过与实验结果对比表明:本文得出的矩方程相对于传统的矩方程模型更适于刻画颗粒物的扩散和重力沉积,能够精确地预测它们的动力学演变过程.通过将颗粒形状参数(分形维数,Df)纳入原始动力学方程,使得颗粒物凝并模型可以较为准确地描述真实情况下非球形颗粒的凝并行为.此外在高颗粒物浓度条件下,得出颗粒物的演变主要受到凝并作用的影响,沉积作用则相对较弱. 相似文献
768.
769.
造纸废水混凝处理中SFT助凝替代性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中小造纸厂废水处理常用PAC作混凝剂 ,PAM作助凝剂。由于PAM成本很高 ,影响了处理设备的投运率。用超细滑石粉 (SFT)替代PAM助凝 ,与混凝剂PAC配合 ,其混凝处理效果基本相当 ,但是处理成本降低 0 .10元 /m3 。由于SFT属环境无害材料 ,不会给排泥带来二次污染 相似文献
770.