The Role of Soil Organic Carbon in Maintaining Surface Elevation in Rapidly Subsiding U.S. Gulf of Mexico Coastal Marshes

Subsidence is a primary factor governing marsh deterioration in Mississippi River deltaic plain coastal marshes. Marsh surface-water level relationships are maintained primarily through soil organic matter accumulation and inorganic sediment input. In this study we examined the role of soil organic matter accumulation in maintaining marsh elevation in a brackish Spartina patens marsh. Measured rates of soil organic accumulation were compared to plant biomass production and soil respiration (carbon dioxide and methane emission) at the study sites. The study demonstrated the importance of plant biomass production to soil organic carbon accumulation in maintaining viable Spartina patens marshes in sediment-deficient coastal environments. The role of Mississippi River freshwater reintroduction in maintaining conditions for organic accretion is discussed.     

建筑物塌陷损坏评价的物元模型及其应用

矿产采掘和地下水资源开采造成的地表塌陷是一类较为严重的地质灾害,地表的塌陷必然会对依附于地球表层的建筑物造成不同程度的损害,建筑物损害的量化评价是地表塌陷损害工程评估的一项重要内容。本文应用可拓学的理论和方法,基于可拓学中的可拓集合变换和相关函数分析法,给出了受塌陷影响建筑物损害评价的经典域物元和节域物元,并建立了建筑物损害量化评价的物元模型。通过具体的计算示例说明了该方法的应用步骤,并对该方法的合理性进行了验证,为建筑物塌陷损坏评价提供一种新的方法。     

黄土地基湿陷时桩的负摩阻力最大值出现深度研究

负摩阻力及中性点的定义表明,负摩阻力沿桩身(从桩顶两侧到中性点位置)的变化并不均匀,其间应存在一个最大值,最近的黄土地基浸水湿陷试验证明了这一点。本文利用该试验的资料,从理论上对桩的负摩阻力最大值出现深度进行分析研究,结果表明负摩阻力随深度的变化受到某一深度(如负摩阻力最大值处)以上土体有效重量和该深度桩周土体的有效沉降量这两个主要因素的制约,并由此推导出不同沉降性能土体湿陷时桩的负摩阻力最大值出现的深度。通过与实测资料的对比可见,本文提出的确定桩的负摩阻力最大值出现深度的理论是可信的,由此得到的计算黄土地基湿陷时桩身总的负摩阻力的方法更具合理性。     

祁连山—河西走廊地区5级以上地震前水氡短临异常特征

在充分整理单台水氡资料的基础上,对发生在祁连山—河西走廊活动断裂系的5级以上地震进行了短临阶段水氡异常的分析研究。内容主要包括:异常出现的频次、持续时间、异常结束到发震的时间、异常的范围等。进而对该地区5级以上地震水氡短临前兆异常的特征作了归纳。     

油田废污泥治理研究

冀东油田废水池地处环境敏感区域，对其废污泥采用固化法进行处理。在大量实验的基础上优选出了三种固化剂体系并通过多次浸泡实验、淋洗实验和静态浸出实验对固化效果进行了分析。     

大庆地区水体环境的水生生物调查结果与评价

结合区域工业污染源的构成特点，对分布在油田的13个湖库进行了浮游生物和底栖动物的调查，从生物学角度，科学地评价了各类水体的污染程度，为保护和合理开发利用地表水资源，污染源的优化管理，实现污染物的总量控制提供了科学依据。     

岷江干流（成都段）水体污染防治对策研究

本文通过对岷江干流（成都段）地表水和地下水的综合研究，分别提出了地表水污染防治对策和地下水水质防护措施，划分出了地表水防治不同时期的目标以及地下水开采管理目标。     

再论西安地裂缝的时空观及现实意义

本文依据西安地裂缝的时空观，讨论了地裂缝的发展趋势、地裂缝的对策等热点问题，提出融西安地裂缝研究于广阔的时空环境中、正确评价其微观形态，是深化西安地裂缝研究的唯一正确之路。     

采掘诱发地震的成因及对策

根据煤或岩体的赋存特征及采动后的受力特点，将采矿及掘进等工程进行过程中诱发的地震灾害分为三类，即完整煤岩体受压应力作用的失稳、顶底板受拉应力型地震及断层走滑受剪型诱发地震。文章在分别分析其成因的基础上，研究了采矿诱发三种类型地震的发生条件，提出了防治发生诱发地震的对策。     

PESTICIDES IN GROUND WATER: DO ATRAZINE METABOLITES MATTER?1

ABSTRACT: Atrazine and atrazine-residue (atrazine + two metabolites - deethylatrazine and deisopropylatrazine) concentrations were examined to determine if consideration of these atrazine metabolites substantially adds to our understanding of the distribution of this pesticide in groundwater of the midcontinental United States. The mean of atrazine.residue concentrations was 53 percent greater than that of atrazine alone for those observations above the detection limit (> 0.05 μg/l). Furthermore, a censored regression analysis using atrazine-residue concentrations revealed significant factors not identified when only atrazine concentrations were used. Thus, knowledge of concentrations of these atrazine metabolites is required to obtain a true estimation of risk of using these aquifers as sources for drinking water, and such knowledge also provides information that ultimately may be important for future management policies designed to reduce atrazine concentrations in ground water.