车辆装备海上投送过程中的腐蚀问题探讨

介绍了车辆装备海上投送的重要现实意义及其面临的严峻腐蚀环境,分析了车辆装备海上投送腐蚀与防护及其相关领域的研究现状,指出了车辆装备海上投送存在的问题。结合具体的投送工具及装卸方式,对影响车辆装备腐蚀的因素进行了分析,并提出了相应的防腐蚀对策。     

大型气候环境实验室上部运输系统的方案设计

目的设计出满足气候环境实验室的上部运输系统。方法根据国内外实验室上部运输系统的设计经验,结合实际使用情况,设计出满足实验室使用条件的上部运输系统方案。结果设计出的上部运输系统直接参与各环境试验的运输、吊装工作,满足气候实验室的环境条件,且具有安全可靠、便于操作维护等特点。结论设计出的上部运输系统满足气候环境实验室的使用要求。     

应用环境多介质逸度模型研究废旧电器拆解区多溴联苯醚的迁移及归趋

利用Level(Ⅲ)逸度模型模拟了浙东某废旧电器拆解区域多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)3种同系物在大气、水体、土壤和沉积物中的分布及迁移通量.在稳态假设条件下3种PBDEs同系物在环境介质中浓度的模型模拟值与实测值吻合较好,验证了模型的可靠性,通过参数灵敏度分析表明PBDEs的基本性质如蒸气压、正辛醇/水分配系数、在介质中的半衰期是影响化合物在环境相中浓度分布的主要因素.研究发现,在废旧电器拆解区大气中PBDEs对下风向的地区可能造成一定程度的污染;当环境系统达到平衡时,在废旧电器拆解区PBDEs主要蓄积在土壤和沉积物中,占所有环境介质中PBDEs的95%以上,土壤和沉积物是PBDEs污染的重要二次污染源;PBDEs在介质间的迁移以大气-土壤和水体-沉积物途径为主;废旧电器拆解区土壤中降解是PBDEs在环境中消减最主要途径.研究结果将为废旧电器拆解区PBDEs污染的风险评估和控制提供依据.     

Comparison of approaches to weighting of multiple criteria for selecting equipment to optimize performance and safety

Nowadays every piece of working equipment and tools has to comply with safety standards and laws. This study investigated multi-criteria methods for selecting working equipment in order to optimize performance and occupational safety. The multi-criteria decision-making (MDCM) method was applied to the problem of selecting optimal working equipment using four different criterion weighting approaches (direct weighting, revised Simos procedure, Fuller’s triangle and analytic hierarchy process). Groups of economic, technical and safety criteria were defined and five weighting scenarios were developed. Although the four weighting methods produced similar results, in some situations they produced different criterion weighting factors. The final output of the MCDM method was the identification of the optimal forklift in the five weighting scenarios. Although we have applied the MCDM method to a forklift selection problem, it can be applied to all sorts of working equipment in contexts where economic, technical and safety selection criteria can be identified.     

铁路真空卸污设备远程运行维护系统设计

以铁路真空卸污设备为研究对象,进行远程运行维护系统的开发设计。根据真空卸污设备的运行特点,确定系统具备的功能,采集的数据类型、信号传输方式,并进行硬件开发集成和软件开发。该系统可以实现对铁路真空卸污设备运行状态数据的采集与分析,加快真空卸污设备故障诊断和维护的响应速度,提高设备的安全性和可靠性,提升铁路真空卸污设备运行维护智能化水平。     

实操考评系统在特种设备作业考核中的应用探讨

为了提高特种设备作业人员实操考核工作效率,降低差错率,解决人员紧缺的矛盾,长庆安全生产技术培训中心严格按照国家考核大纲要求,研发了特种设备作业实操考评系统。通过对该实操考评系统功能介绍及现场应用情况的总结分析,显示该考评系统具备随机组卷,考试成绩实时评判,多个考评员同时打分,户外环境离线考试,视频影像自动采集,考试资料批量下载等功能,使得实操考核工作更加科学、高效、公平、公正。该实操考评系统可满足油田安全技术考核工作需要,在现场应用中取得了非常好的效果。     

组合式油烟洗涤净化装置运行条件优化

通过设计二级组合式油烟洗涤装置,以清水为介质,进行动态模拟油烟气洗涤净化实验,研究最佳运行操作条件.实验结果表明:烟气流率、入口浓度和液相油烟浓度积累是影响二级组合式油烟洗涤装置总效率的重要因素,曝气深度对洗涤槽的洗涤效率有重要影响,而喷淋量则对填料洗涤塔的洗涤效果有重要影响;在烟气流率为2.8m3/h,入口浓度为3mg/m3,曝气深度为4.5～6.0cm(对应水深约为14.0cm),喷淋量为0.9L/min, 液相浓度＜12mg/L·CCL4的运行条件下,该净化装置对油烟废气的最大总净化效率可达80%.     

北方寒冷地区造纸废水污染治理成果的启示

本文报道了对北方寒冷地区造纸企业废水污染治理，通过工艺与设备的调整与改造，综合治理废水排放对环境污染，获得了一定的环境和经济效益。     

复杂电磁环境下电子对抗装备野战化保障探讨

从当前电子对抗装备野战化保障的实际出发,首先简要、定性地分析了电子对抗装备当前所面临的电磁环境,提出了电子对抗部队实现装备保障野战化必须提升野战装备指挥、野战装备维修、野战器材供应及野战装备防护等"四个能力".在此基础上,进一步阐明了电子对抗装备野战化保障需把握的问题.     

Survey and analysis of public environmental awareness and performance in Ningbo, China: a case study on household electrical and electronic equipment

Based upon a survey on household electronic and electrical equipment, this paper provides information on the public's perception of the local environmental quality, environmental awareness and environmental performance, and of their willingness to pay for improving environmental quality and making green purchases. The results indicate that Ningbo residents are not satisfied with the local environmental quality, and they would like very much to share environmental responsibility. About 64% of the respondents are aware of Chinese environmental labeling. Nearly 70% and 80% of the respondents are willing to pay for environmental improvement and to purchase environmentally friendly products, respectively. The amount of household electrical and electronic equipment has increased dramatically and most of them are phased out within their product lifetimes. Of all the respondents, 61% chose to reuse and recycle waste electrical and electronic equipment.