Regeneration of Nothofagus pumilio [Poepp. et Endl.] Krasser forests after five years of seed tree cutting

Nothofagus pumilio [Poepp. et Endl.] Krasser is a deciduous tree species that grows in Chile and adjacent Argentina between 36 and 56 degrees S, often forming the Andean tree line. Silvicultural systems proposed for this species integrate both regeneration and intermediate level operations in an orderly process for managing forest stands. The seed-tree method of regeneration has been used to manage even-aged stands of this species. This paper investigates the effect of seed tree cuttings on the regeneration of Nothofagus pumilio [Poepp. et Endl.] Krasser forest located in the Magallanes region (Chile). The studied forest was managed on an even-aged basis using a seed tree silvicultural system for regeneration with an intensity of cutting of 65-70% of the basal area and a minimum of 15 dominant lenga trees per hectare retained. A regeneration inventory sampling was used to quantify regeneration attributes in the study area. Regeneration was found to be significantly affected by the seed tree cuttings. In fact, the number of established individuals rose from 0.39 to 26.7 plants m(-2) pre-harvest to 9.2-21.5 plants m(-2) post-harvest, depending on the particular development stage. Total regeneration ranged from 9.5 to 48.2 plants m(-2). The number of plants established over the period 1992-1997 was related to the residual basal area, coverage and number of trees. However, mean tree height was not significantly related to any regeneration variable. Significant variables were used to establish a regeneration prediction model using single and multiple linear equations (R2<0.418). Consequently, the seed tree method of regeneration can be considered feasible for commercially valuable lenga forests, although this method, in its strictest application, will create many large, irregularly shaped, even-aged groups.     

The effect of urban quality improvements on economic activity

This paper is concerned with the link between urban quality improvements and economic activity. A key question is whether improvements in the urban environment which might be achieved, for instance, through pedestrianisation, will affect business location choices - for example, are office or retail businesses particularly keen to locate in more pleasant urban places? The paper outlines the current state of development of the literature with respect to the influence of urban quality on economic activity, and proposes a framework for forecasting economic impacts based on three communities of reference: customers, employees, and the businesses themselves. The results from original modelling of a case study area in Manchester, England are reported and suggest that the positive uplifts that may be expected from environmental improvement programmes may well be on a scale which is significant. The research is obviously important for the urban regeneration and renaissance agendas which posit attractive and well-designed environments as a way to create the right conditions for promoting economic growth.     

冷电弧技术脱除甲醛气体

自行研制了平板式介质阻挡放电冷电弧装置,探讨了施加电压、气体流量、甲醛初始浓度和不同设备形式对甲醛气体脱除率的影响。结果表明:在电极间距1.6 cm、施加电压20 kV、气体流量667 mL/min、甲醛初始浓度为50.0 mg/m3以及添加涂有TiO2膜的陶瓷拉西环催化剂的条件下,甲醛的脱除率可以达到90%以上。     

香蕉MaPFK基因家族鉴定、MaPFK3克隆和表达

为研究香蕉中MaPFK基因的功能和生物学特性,采用生物信息学分析法对香蕉A基因组的MaPFK基因家族成员进行鉴定、蛋白特性分析、分子进化树分析、FPKM值分析,同时以'天宝蕉'为材料,通过RT-PCR技术克隆MaPFK3基因,进行生物信息学分析;采用qRT-PCR技术进行低温胁迫下的表达分析.结果表明,MaPFK家族包...     

介质阻挡放电降解流动态二甲基二硫废气

采用介质阻挡放电等离子体技术(Dielectric Barrier Discharge,DBD)处理常压下流动态气体中的有机硫恶臭气体二甲基二硫(Dimethyl Disulfide,DMDS).研究了不同停留时间、进气浓度及外施电压条件下DMDS的转化,推导了DBD处理DMDS的动力学模型,并根据傅立叶红外(FT-IR)产物分析探讨了反应机理.研究结果表明,DMDS降解产物主要为CO2、SO2和H2O.在停留时间0.067 s、外施电压7500 V、进气量8.4m3·h-1的条件下,进气浓度为80 mg·m-3 DMDS的降解率达到64.3%,体积降解比量为2.26×10-2L·s-1·W-1,绝对处理量达到430 mg·h-1.     

盐胁迫对3种冷季型草坪草生长的影响

冷季型草坪草在不同盐离子含量的胁迫下生长,其各项生理指标都会发生相应的变化,这些变化可以反应出不同草坪草抗逆性的强弱.本实验所用的品种为早熟禾P.Pratensis L.、黑麦草L.Perenne L.、高羊茅F.Arundinacea Schreb..3种草均为冷季型草坪草.将氯化钠溶液设为5个处理,其质量分数分别为0.1%、0.2%、0.3%、0.6%、0.9%和一个对照,每个处理3次重复.将处理后3种草坪草的种子,播于营养钵中,实验室内培养.每日浇灌相对应的盐溶液,浇灌量为约2/3的溶液流出.待幼苗长到5～7 cm时,进行测定.在盐胁迫条件下,通过对黑麦草、高羊茅、早熟禾的发芽率、POD酶活性、质膜相对电导率等生理指标测定的研究,结果表明黑麦草抗盐性较强,早熟禾的耐盐性较弱.为在盐碱地上种植草坪提供了参考依据.     

不同生态下云南稻核心种质孕穗期耐冷性状的表型多样性差异

以504份云南地方稻核心种质为材料,在昆明自然低温平均18℃(冷害)和新平27℃(正常)条件下进行孕穗期耐冷性状的表犁多样性生态差异分析.结果表明:(1)在3种生态环境下,云南稻核心种质11个耐冷性状的平均值、标准差、变异系数等参数存在一定差异,总趋势呈现籼稻(Indica)不同环境间这3个特征值差异较粳稻(Japonica)明显;弱耐冷系统群差异较强耐冷系统群明显.(2)不同环境间11个耐冷性状Shannon-weaver遗传多样性指数存在明显差异,体现为正常环境高于冷害环境,粳稻(Japonica)高于籼稻(Indica),强耐冷材料高于弱耐冷材料.这种差异主要由剑叶长、穗颈长、穗下节长、1～2节长、穗长、主穗实粒数和结实率等7个耐冷性状差异所致.     

TiO2/活性炭复合纳米纤维膜对亚甲基蓝的吸附研究

摘要以自制的TiO2/活性炭复合纳米纤维膜作为吸附剂,以亚甲基蓝为目标污染物,研究了亚甲基蓝初始浓度、温度、TiO2/活性炭复合纳米纤维膜投加量、pH等对TiO2/活性炭复合纳米纤维膜吸附去除亚甲基蓝的影响,并研究了TiO2/活性炭复合纳米纤维膜的Zeta电位、接触角、光催化再生性能.结果表明:(1)静态吸附时,随着亚...     

空气制冷中干燥器的降失效原因分析

干燥器是空气制冷中重要的设备,它在低温系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。为了提高吸附式干燥器的使用效率,本文根据干燥器的吸附及其工作原理,详细分析了吸附式干燥器在试验过程中出现的降效、失效原因及其影响干燥器吸附率的主要因素,并提出了相应的合理的操作使用对策。给出的试验结果证明,文中提出的方法是切实可行的,并在试验中取得了明显的效果,大大提高了试验效率,同时为今后正确、高效地使用干燥器提供了技术参考。     

活性炭纤维脱除二氧化碳的实验研究

采用活性炭纤维(ACF)作为吸附材料,研究了ACF对CO_2和N_2的吸、脱分离特性。结果表明,粘胶基活性炭纤维(V-ACF)和聚丙烯腈基活性炭纤维(PAN-ACF)对CO_2和N_2都表现出较好的吸附效果,其中V-ACF对CO_2和N_2的吸附系数高达9,说明ACF是很好的吸附分离材料。ACF对不同烟气浓度和温度下对CO_2吸附的结果说明,ACF对于高浓度CO_2更易于脱除;讨论了ACF在不同解析温度或时间对吸附的影响和ACF的热稳定性,结果表明,在较高解析温度或者较长解析时间下更加容易脱除CO_2,且再生时间短,最佳的解析时间为15 min。经过相同的多次实验,ACF的性能稳定,再生效率稳定在86%。