人工湿地磷吸附饱和基质的化学再生研究

长期处理了生活污水后的人工湿地基质对磷素的吸附会达到饱和,通过化学浸提方法,研究了2种无机酸（盐酸和硫酸）,酸和碱（盐酸和氢氧化钠溶液）对饱和吸附磷基质的释磷效果以及再生后基质吸附磷效果。结果表明：盐酸和硫酸对基质释磷的差异性不大,硫酸的释磷效果略好于盐酸,对3种基质的释磷效果几乎都大于80%;碱对砂和煤渣释磷效果好,对高炉渣释磷效果差,但经碱再生后的高炉渣、砂基质对磷素的吸收率极高,磷素初始浓度在1～50mg·L-1范围内时,吸收率在95.18%～99.04%范围内,对基质的再生能力好,而经碱再生后的煤渣基质对磷素的吸收率却很低,吸收率不超过21.14%。     

Migration of manganese and iron during the adsorption-regeneration cycles for arsenic removal

Fe-Mn binary oxide incorporated into porous diatomite (FMBO-diatomite) was prepared in situ and regenerated in a fixed-bed column for arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)] removal. Four consecutive adsorption cycles were operated under the following conditions: Initial arsenic concentration of 0.1 mg·L^-1, empty bed contact time of 5 min, and pH 7.0. About 3000, 3300, 3800, and 4500 bed volumes of eligible effluent (arsenic concentration≤0.01 mg·L^-1) were obtained in four As(III) adsorption cycles; while about 2000, 2300, 2500, and 3100 bed volumes of eligible effluent were obtained in four As(V) adsorption cycles. The dissection results of FMBO-diatomite fixed-bed exhibited that small amounts of manganese and iron were transferred from the top of the fixed-bed to the bottom of the fixed-bed during As(III) removal process. Compared to the extremely low concentration of iron (<0.01 mg·L^-1), the fluctuation concentration of Mn²⁺ in effluent of the As(III) removal column was in a range of 0.01–0.08 mg·L^-1. The release of manganese suggested that manganese oxides played an important role in As(III) oxidation. Determined with the US EPA toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), the leaching risk of As(III) on exhausted FMBO-diatomite was lower than that of As(V).     

Planning and development

The paper describes the development role of the London Docklands Development Corporation and what sort of plan it uses. It describes the government initiative that promoted the regeneration idea and appraises the Dockland's approach. Finally, it discusses local authority involvement in the Urban Development Corporation's initiatives.     

Environmental toxicity monitoring using electrochemical biosensing systems

Environmental monitoring faces the challenge of measuring an increasing number of analytes at ever decreasing concentrations. Since not all species of a given analyte have the same detrimental impact on the environment, new analytical devices and techniques are required to distinguish between the different species of a pollutant or different groups of pollutants. This paper describes analytical techniques based on biomaterials that are toxically sensitive to pollutants. This approach permits the biomonitoring of certain compounds by looking at their toxic properties. Although these techniques are based on a sound analytical strategy, their applications are limited because most of the interactions between the biological material and the analyte are irreversible. Additionally, the immobilised biological material has a limited stability. Several biomonitoring strategies based on electrochemical biosensing are discussed here and how to recover the bioactivity of biosensing system, both in discrete and automated procedures, is also reviewed.     

The continuing progress of the enterprise zone experiment: a note as to recent evidence

The latest evidence relating to the enterprise zone experiment in Britain is provided in a recent report published by the Department of the Environment. The note analyses this evidence to provide an indication of the scale of economic activity taking place within the zones. The note suggests that the simplified planning regime of the enterprise zones actually plays a relatively minor role in facilitating economic change and concludes that more detailed evidence is required in order to achieve a full understanding of the effects of enterprise zones.     

活性炭微波再生方法研究

以亚甲基兰为污染物污染活性炭滤芯,利用微波辐照的方法对失效的活性炭滤芯进行再生,通过实验分别测出新的、失效的活性炭滤芯的碘值,通过碘值计算出活性炭的性能恢复率、损耗率、综合恢复率等性能指标,并分析影响上述性能指标的单一因素：辐照功率、时间和活性炭用量。设计正交试验,找到微波再生活性炭滤芯的最佳再生条件：微波功率600W,辐照时间90s,辐照活性炭质量2g。经过再生的活性炭的综合恢复率达到94．30％。     

磁性微球负载光催化剂失活特性及再生方法研究

TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4在连续使用过程中存在失活现象并表现出吸附能力的降低,在实验基础上提出了超声波在线再生的解决方案;测试结果表明,TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4在重复使用10次及连续使用130h条件下可保持其催化活性不变。     

水合氧化铁对废水中磷酸根的吸附-解吸性能研究

以FeCl₃为原料制备水合氧化铁吸附剂,研究其对废水中磷酸根的吸附-解吸性能.结果表明,随着溶液pH的降低,水合氧化铁对磷酸根的吸附能力不断提高,其吸附动力学曲线符合二级动力学模型,吸附等温线符合Langmuir吸附模型.被吸附的磷酸根在50 g/L的NaOH溶液中进行解吸,解吸率>98%.解吸率与单位水合氧化铁的吸附饱和程度没有相关性.利用水合氧化铁对城市某污水处理厂污泥浓缩池上清液进行磷的吸附和解吸实验,结果表明该工艺对磷的回收率>90%.根据实验结果设计了城市污水中磷去除和回收工艺流程,该流程包括：吸附过程、解吸再生过程、富磷解吸液中磷回收等过程.     

高酸气田井站火炬冷放空过程模拟分析

通过对硫化氢气体在复杂地形下的扩散过程进行数值模拟分析,得出井站在不同风向下有毒气体的可能影响范围,提出将可能影响范围与事故应急预案相结合,实现事故状态下的应急处置。     

活性炭基脱硫剂的热再生研究

在氮气氛围下,对一种工业废弃脱硫剂做热再生实验。在不同温度条件、相同的氮气氛围下,对废脱硫剂进行热再生以及脱硫饱和实验,对得到的再生样品和饱和样品进行碘值和pH值的测定,考察再生后样品的饱和硫容,选取最佳再生性能样品进行硫化氢穿透曲线分析。结果表明,450℃时首次再生饱和硫容恢复40%,500℃时再生饱和硫容恢复43%。