Recognizing hidden environmental and social costs and reducing ecological and societal damage through tax, price, and subsidy reform

Indirect, unpriced environmental and social costs of human activities in the United States amount to several trillion dollars each year. By accounting for these costs and shifting some of the tax burden from work to waste, it would be possible to protect the environment and benefit society and the economy.     

一个县级防震减灾机构管理的改革与创新

笔者从澜沧县地震局管理工作实际出发,阐述了通过改革创新,强化科学管理,在较短时间内改变了防震减灾工作长期落后的局面.揭示了"管理出效益"的基本事实.     

消灭火炬防治大气污染

长岭炼油化工总厂改造火炬系统时采用先进技术，如二级压缩机技术、变频调速技术、新型无烟火炬头以及自动点火器系统，对火炬系统的含硫污水进行密闭处理等。改造后正常生产时不点火炬，事故放空时能及时点燃火炬。     

高温油泵机械密封故障分析及改造

对GA123A泵的高温波纹管式机械密封的失效原因进行了分析。证实热油泵的密封故障是由于波纹管内侧水垢和积碳引起。针对现场实际，从安全、环保的角度对机械密封的机构和辅助系统进行了改进。     

电子技术课程的教学探讨

<电子技术>课程是普通本科及高职高专院校自动化等专业的一门重要的专业基础课.本文从修编教材、调整教学内容和课程结构、改进教学环节和方法、完善考核方式等方面进行了探讨,以改革和优化电子技术课程教学内容.     

地震预报课程改革与实践

地震预报课程是防灾技术系学生的一门主要专业课。该课程既涉及地球物理各专业的基础理论知识,又面向地震预测的实践,是理论与实践高度综合的课程。文中详细讨论了"地震预报"课程改革的目标、主要内容、面临的问题,以及课程教学改革实践的主要措施等。     

Too small to count? Making Land Use Transformations in Chiquitano communities of San Ignacio de Velasco,East Bolivia,visible

ABSTRACT

The Santa Cruz lowlands, east Bolivia, are one of South America’s most dynamic agricultural frontiers. In the Chiquitania, bordering Brazil, San Ignacio de Velasco was in 2017 ranked first nationally in terms of deforestation. There, two deforestation fronts meet with mechanized agriculture expanding from the West and South and cattle ranching from the East. Chiquitano communities are demographically dominant locally but often face land scarcity. Because of their comparatively low impact on forest vegetation, they are not well represented in broad-scale quantitative Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) studies. Based on an empirical, human geographical approach, this paper investigates the transformation of the local indigenous productive matrix, the associated land-use patterns and potential socio-ecological implications. The overall aim is to bear witness to the rapid and profound reconfiguration of traditional livelihoods with their integration in the market economy and to highlight the significance of micro-scale LULC-processes at global scale.     

福建集体林权制度改革热潮后的冷思考

通过对福建集体林权制度改革完成后必须面临和亟待解决的政府职能转变、林业税费征收和使用的合理性、生态公益林补偿机制、林权流转的监督等问题的讨论与分析,提出了相应的改革建议.     

油气田噪声对环境的影响

噪声对人体在生理及心理上的危害和影响是相当严重的。随着油气田开发建设的进展，油气田环境噪声污染日益引起人们的关注。弄清油气田噪声污染及治理现状，正确预测噪声污染的发展趋势，将有利于噪声污染的控制和治理。通过对1986年以来油气田噪声监测数据的统计，详细阐述了区域环境、功能区及道路交通三方面的噪声污染现状，指出交通、工业、施工和生活等噪声源是我国城市目前主要的噪声污染源，预测了我国噪声污染将继续增大的发展趋势并提出了相应的控制和治理措施以及改革建议。     

Conservation and Aid: Designing More Effective Investments in Natural Resource Governance Reform

Abstract:  Biodiversity conservation outcomes are closely related to the rules and institutions governing resource use. Creating local incentives for conservation through more secure resource tenure is central to conservation outcomes on private and communal lands, where the preponderance of biodiversity occurs. Conservation efforts in sub-Saharan Africa are therefore centrally concerned with governance dynamics and institutional reform processes, such as the decentralization of property rights, and how best to achieve such reforms. Traditional mechanisms for financing conservation efforts in Africa rely heavily on funds channeled through multilateral and bilateral aid agencies. The history of development aid highlights a range of constraints these aid agencies face in terms of working toward more effective resource governance arrangements and promoting reforms. Government aid agencies possess incentives for promoting large-scale and short-term projects that maximize expenditure volumes and tend to define issues in technical rather than political terms. The history of development aid suggests that these and other characteristics of aid agencies impedes their ability to influence governance reform processes and that aid funding may discourage the adoption of reforms. Greater emphasis in African conservation financing needs to be placed on flexible, small-scale investments aligned to local interests and constituencies that prioritize innovation, learning, and experimentation. Additionally, more research is required that explores the linkages between conservation funding, donor decision-making processes, and governance reforms.