Survey and analysis of public environmental awareness and performance in Ningbo, China: a case study on household electrical and electronic equipment

Based upon a survey on household electronic and electrical equipment, this paper provides information on the public's perception of the local environmental quality, environmental awareness and environmental performance, and of their willingness to pay for improving environmental quality and making green purchases. The results indicate that Ningbo residents are not satisfied with the local environmental quality, and they would like very much to share environmental responsibility. About 64% of the respondents are aware of Chinese environmental labeling. Nearly 70% and 80% of the respondents are willing to pay for environmental improvement and to purchase environmentally friendly products, respectively. The amount of household electrical and electronic equipment has increased dramatically and most of them are phased out within their product lifetimes. Of all the respondents, 61% chose to reuse and recycle waste electrical and electronic equipment.     

微生物对装备的影响

微生物作为自然环境中的组成物质,在大气、水体、土壤等环境中广泛存在和分布;而装备在运输、存储和服役的各个阶段,都与这些环境有密切关系,所以微生物与装备不可避免地会发生接触。一般情况下,各类微生物都有可能直接或间接地侵蚀破坏装备及材料。介绍了微生物对装备及其构件材料的影响现状,着重阐述了微生物对装备及材料的腐蚀影响。     

航空装备海洋大气综合环境试验方法研究

为在海洋大气环境中使用的航空装备探索一种更高效的综合环境试验方法,弥补常规组合环境试验方法对综合环境耦合效应模拟不足的问题。首先分析了国内外航空装备海洋大气综合环境试验现状,指出了我国综合环境试验能力的不足与能力提升的迫切需求;其次,对航空装备在海洋大气环境下的主要影响因素和综合环境耦合效应进行了重点分析;最后,结合我国环境工程行业现状,对航空装备海洋大气综合环境试验关键因素、基本要求与存在问题等进行了探索研究。     

中国劳动防护用品经销企业现状与发展建议

通过对全国范围内对劳动防护用品经销企业进行摸底调查,并对企业的成立时间、人员数量、2009年的经销总额以及毛利润等进行统计与分析,提出了规范劳动防护用品经销企业的建议,以促进劳动防护行业健康有序的发展,增强劳动防护对安全生产的保障能力。     

石油化工企业生产装置静电事故分析与对策

石油化工静电事故主要与特殊介质的处理（如污油、污水、粗油、混合油等）,特殊环境或特殊工艺过程物料的处理（如设备检修或开停车期间的物料处理）等密切相关。以近十年石油化工装置发生的一些典型事故为背景,论述了石油化工企业生产装置静电事故的特点,通过典型事故的分析,提出应对措施和策略有设计不足往往是事故频发的源头;在危险暴露频率较高和风险要求较高场所,建议增设静电消除辅助设备;结合工装特点,在设备改造时适当兼顾设备的防静电技术改造,有时可以收到事半功倍的效果;编制生产装置特殊作业场所防静电规定,是抑制当前静电事故趋势的重要举措。     

南海海洋环境下关键电器设备腐蚀环境净化技术研究

南海海洋大气环境下,电器设备腐蚀问题形势非常严峻,严重影响生产任务和财产安全,非常有必要对电器设备采取有效的防护措施。开展了电器设备服役微环境腐蚀严酷度量化表征方法研究以及南海海洋环境下电器设备腐蚀环境净化技术研究,采用适当的腐蚀环境净化技术为关键电器设备内部提供洁净的空气,从而实现对电器设备的有效保护。     

通信及控制系统设备中的电磁兼容设计方法

本文介绍通信及控制系统设备的电磁兼容设计方法;包括电路设计、印制板设计、设备内部走线设计、屏蔽设计、滤波及接地设计等的电磁兼容设计。     

结合军用电子装备的特点将可靠性试验贯穿于装备研制生产的各个环节

本文描述的是二炮武器装备的实际使用环境的现状以及二炮通用环境实验室在试验过程中对受试装备出现的故障进行分析,以及如何将可靠性试验贯穿于装备研制生产的各个环节。     

航材一体化装备保障研究

“建立和完善军民融合式的军队保障体系,走出一条中国特色军民融合式发展路子”这是党的十七大提出的明确要求。装备保障是充分发挥装备作战效能的关键,而航材保障是装备保障的重要基础。随着武器装备体系建设的不断完善和快速发展,对航材备件的保障提出了更高的要求。对航材一体化保障国内发展现状及一体化保障优势进行阐述,对发展基本途径进行分析,并指出了航材一体化装备保障的发展方向。     

Recycling of electronic displays: Analysis of pre-processing and potential ecodesign improvements

This article analyses the current and future end-of-life management of electronic displays (flat screen televisions and monitors), and identifies and discusses possible ecodesign recommendations to improve it. Based on an investigation of the treatment of displays in two typical European recycling plants, key aspects and criticalities of the recycling methods (sorting, dismantling and pre-processing) are identified. Disaggregated data concerning on-site measurements of the time needed to manually dismantle different displays are presented. The article also discusses the potential evolution of end-of-life scenarios for electronic displays and suggests possible recommendations for recyclers, producers and policy-makers to promote resource efficiency in the recycling of such waste products. Data on time for dismantling the displays can be used to build measurers for voluntary and mandatory policies, to stimulate design innovations for products improvement, and to assess possible alternative treatments of the waste during the pre-processing at the recycling plants. Some quantitative product measures (based on the time thresholds for dismantling some key components) are also discussed, including an assessment of their economic viability. These measures can potentially be enforced through mandatory and voluntary European product policies, and could also be extended to other product groups.