Experience with 500 prenatal diagnoses of sickle cell diseases: The effect of gestational age on affected pregnancy outcome

Prenatal diagnosis of sickle cell diseases is obtained rapidly and precisely by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with Ddel restriction analysis and dot-blotting with alllele-specific oligonucleotides (ASO). Prenatal diagnosis of HgbSS and HgbSC was performed in 500 pregnancies, 196 by Southern blot and 304 by PCR. PCR drastically shortened the interval from sampling to reporting, allowing acceptance even of samples with unknown paternal phenotype, and resulted in an overall four-fold increase in diagnoses. In 108 pregnancies, the diagnosis was an affected fetus; 25 were HgbSC: 3 (12 per cent) were terminated; 83 were HgbSS: four ended in miscarriage; 40/79 (51 per cent) were terminated. The gestational age at the time of report to the mother appeared to be a major outcome determinant when the fetal diagnosis was HgbSS. The change-point in the maternal decision was found at 20 weeks of gestation. Before the 20th week, most mothers (64 per cent) chose termination; thereafter, the majority (72 per cent) chose continuation. The odds ratio of termination in earlier relative to later reporting was 4·7. In order to offer a choice to the mothers at risk of delivering a fetus affected by sickle cell disease, the diagnosis should be reported before the 20th week of gestation.     

甘肃东部陇山群中斜长角闪岩的形成时代和构造背景

陇山群中斜长角闪岩的地质－地球化学特征研究表明,斜长用问岩是分两期形成的,其Sm－Nd等时线年龄分别为983±22Ma和756±97Ma,源区为类似于现在洋中脊型的地幔,说明在中元古代形成的裂谷此时已趋成熟,具有相当的规模。微量元素和稀土元素的特征也支持该认识。作者认为斜长用闪岩的原岩是侵入陇山群的辉绿岩墙或基性岩脉,是800～1000Ma（晋宁期）裂谷作用的产物,裂谷活动的扩张速率为2～5cm／a。     

东南大陆早古生代古地理轮廓

由早中元古代中深变质岩系组成的华南加里东海盆基底及东海、南海古陆。元古代晚期,海盆在拉张环境下继续沉降,于震旦、寒武、奥陶纪期间,沉积了厚近两万米的地槽型火山-砂泥质建造,陆源碎屑主要来自东海、南海古陆,直到中生代晚期古陆才裂陷成海,始成今日的海陆分布格局。     

ZCJ—961工业污水处理剂的应用

气体脱硫装置在停工处理过程中，通常采用传统的失蒸汽吹扫，后用热水冲洗的方法，但是效果总是不理想。为确保停工过程中，各设备冲洗干净，避免发生硫化氢中毒事故，防止出现硫化亚铁自燃等问题，在2000年2月洛阳石化总厂二套催化裂化装置第3周期停工过程中，试用ZCJ－961含硫、氨氮工业污水处理剂对气体脱硫装置进行化学清洗，取得了令人满意的效果。     

不同使用年限蔬菜大棚土壤重金属含量变化

调查了 1、5、8、1 1a棚龄蔬菜大棚土壤中重金属元素As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Fe、Mn、Mo、Ni、Pb和Zn的含量。结果表明 :同一使用年限的蔬菜大棚 0～ 40cm土层内重金属元素含量差异很小 ;与棚外土壤相比 ,除 1a棚龄的土壤外 ,多数土壤重金属含量随大棚使用年限的延长而有所增加 ;研究地区的蔬菜大棚土壤尚未发生重金属污染超标现象 ;大量施肥 (复合肥 )可能是导致蔬菜大棚土壤中重金属含量升高的主要原因     

高压水射流超细粉碎的压力与粒度的关系

从理论分析和实验研究两方面，对高压水射流超细粉碎压力与粒度的定量关系进行了研究。根据流体力学理论，推导出粉体颗粒的动能与射流压力成正比；再由Ｒｉｔｔｉｎｇｅｒ的“表面积假说”，得出高压水射流超细粉碎的压力与产品调和平均粒度倒数和给料调和平均粒度倒数之差成正比；并在不同压力和给料粒度下，用水射流对云母粉进行了超细粉碎实验。实验结果与理论结果相当吻合。     

Ecomorphological Characteristics of the Marsh Frog Rana ridibunda from the Galich'ya Gora Nature Reserve

Russian Journal of Ecology -     

Groundwaters at Risk: Wetland Loss Changes Sources,Lengthens Pathways,and Decelerates Rejuvenation of Groundwater Resources

Wetland loss alters the hydrology of wetlandscapes in poorly understood ways. To quantify the effects of wetland loss on subsurface hydrology, a physically based hydrologic model that simulates the timing and pathways of subsurface hydrologic connections was coupled with wetland inventories over a 50‐year period during which substantial wetland loss occurred. The model revealed, based on vertical variations in saturated hydraulic conductivities, wetland loss of different degrees led to a contraction of catchment contributing areas to local surface waters but an expansion of contributing areas to the regional surface water body. This shift in groundwater contributing areas reflected (1) a decrease in baseflow contribution to the local surface water bodies, and (2) an increase in the transit time and length of subsurface hydrologic connections with an associated increase in the magnitude and age of baseflow discharging to the regional surface water body. The model also showed regions with thick permeable aquifers were particularly sensitive to the loss of wetlands. Our ability to predict these changes in hydrology of the watershed provides important support for designing science‐based policies to promote sustainable water resource management.