生态社区综合评价指标体系的初步探讨

生态社区的出现和发展一直广受关注，建立生态社区综合评价指标体系对于生态社区的实践和发展具有重要的意义。本文通过对社区可持续发展理论，生态平衡理论以及生态社区本身系统特点的探讨，尝试建立一个综合评价指标体系，同时对评价指标体系应体现的功能，以及评价指标体系构建的原则做了初步探讨。     

Specific Structural Features of Zooplankton in Lakes Differing in Trophic Status: Species Populations

The index of cenotic significance and other indices calculated on its basis were used for revealing specific structural features of zooplanktonic communities in lakes differing in productivity. The results showed that new indices (complexity coefficient, index of cenotic significance of dominant species, and integrated cenotic significance of the zooplankton) strongly correlate with the trophic status of the water body and are more responsive to changes in the structure of the community than the Shannon–Weaver index of species diversity. The results confirm the hypothesis that the structure of zooplankton is simplified in the course of lake eutrophication.     

论社区可持续发展规划与调控

本文对社区可持续发展规划的原则、步骤、主要内容以及可持续发展系统调控的手段等问题进行了研究。     

论社区可持续发展的机制与模式

本文在对社区可持续发展的内涵及社区ＰＲＥＯＤ系统的构成要素进行了界定的基础上,探讨了社区ＰＲＥＯＤ系统可持续发展的机制与社区可持续发展模式等问题。     

Response of plankton communities in freshwater pond and stream mesocosms to the herbicide metazachlor

Metazachlor is a frequently used herbicide with concentrations in surface waters up to 100 microg L(-1). A long-term mesocosm study was performed in order to investigate effects on stream and pond communities also regarding recovery. Single metazachlor doses of 5, 20, 80, 200, and 500 microg L(-1) were given and the aquatic communities monitored for 140 days. In this paper, special attention is paid to the plankton response and the results of the entire study are summarised. Metazachlor strongly affected the stream and pond mesocosm communities at concentrations higher than 5 microg L(-1). Direct negative effects were most prominent for chlorophytes whereas diatoms and cryptophytes seemed insensitive. The effects on zooplankton were caused by changes in habitat structure due to the strong decline of macrophytes. The slow degradation of metazachlor combined with the absence of recovery in both chlorophytes and macrophytes is likely to cause long-lasting effects on aquatic ecosystems.     

Study on the Relationship between Tourist Influence and Residents＇ Sense of Community： An Empirical Study from Changdao County in Shandong Province

Residents＇ sense of community is an important prereq- uisite to promote the development of community. Tourism has sig- nificant influence on residents＇ sense of community. An empirical study from Chang...     

Study on the Relationship between Tourist Influence and Residents’ Sense of Community:An Empirical Study from Changdao Countyin Shandong Province

Residents’ sense of community is an important prerequisite to promote the development of community.Tourism has significant influence on residents’ sense of community.An empirical study from Changdao shows that economy and life conflict caused by tourism can affect neighborhood-friendly and community participation significantly.Culture,environment and social services from tourism can significantly affect community association,community care and place recognition.Therefore,the regional managers should pay attention to allocate revenues in the residents fairly and protect own culture to avoid the negative impact from tourism.     

Effect of forest fires on the avifauna of the Northern Amur Region

To reveal the effect of forest fires on the avifauna of the Northern Amur Region, bird assemblages of primary dark conifer-deciduous forests, wild rosemary larch forests, and secondary larch-birch forests have been studied in the Komsomol’skii and Norskii nature reserves. It has been shown that the replacement of primary dark conifer-deciduous forests by secondary forests is accompanied by a significant decrease in bird population density, with some species being lost and the composition of the dominant species group being changed. On the other hand, fires lead to increasing patchiness of the environment, which can sometimes provide for an increase in biological diversity.     

Specific features of bird community formation depending on the degree of anthropogenic impact

The population density and relative abundance of some bird species reach the highest values in the communities of habitats with a high degree of anthropogenic transformation. The species diversity of birds shows an inverse correlation with the index of anthropogenic impact (in grades) calculated with regard to a number of parameters. Relevant correlations change periodically, with the correlation coefficient reaching the highest values in the nesting period and decreasing to a minimum during the flight period.