累托石-粉煤灰颗粒吸附剂的制备及除铜性能

研究了累托石-粉煤灰颗粒吸附剂制备工艺条件及其去除铜冶炼废水中Cu(Ⅱ)的条件。实验结果表明:累托石与粉煤灰的比例为7∶3,另加入15%的添加剂(St)和50%的水,焙烧温度为500℃时,制成的颗粒吸附剂不仅吸附效果最佳,而且其散失率较低。在不调节铜冶炼工业废水pH值的条件下,颗粒吸附剂用量为0·01g/mL,作用时间为60min,温度为25℃(常温)时,Cu(Ⅱ)的去除率达99·5%,处理后的水符合国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)一级标准。     

活性炭复合床层对动活性的影响试验

本文通过对KZ1床层、KZ2床层、KZ1和KZ2复合床层在不同床层厚度条件下,对氯化氰蒸气的动活性进行对比试验,并对试验结果进行分析,得出了后者并非前两者之和,而有了大幅提高的结论。     

自紧压力对玻璃纤维环向缠绕气瓶疲劳性能的影响

运用有限元分析软件,分析了不同的自紧压力对车用玻璃纤维环向缠绕气瓶疲劳性能的影响,采用新的许用应力幅度一循环次数曲线代替JB4752,对不同自紧压力下的疲劳寿命进行了计算,认为不经过自紧只打水压试验是无法满足气瓶疲劳试验要求的。     

博罗县环境空气质量变化趋势浅析

本文以博罗县2005—2011年间的环境空气监测数据为依据,采用空气污染综合指数法评价大气环境质量,并运用Spearman秩相关系数预测未来发展趋势。结果表明：博罗县环境空气质量为优,主要污染物为二氧化氮,年日平均浓度呈上升趋势,不显著。     

兼氧发酵堆肥处置城镇生活污泥模式及应用

随着城镇污水处理厂规模的快速发展,污水处理伴生的生活污泥产量越来越多,而传统的污泥处置方法具有较大的局限性,困扰着污水处理行业的进一步发展。通过分析目前污泥堆肥存在的问题,探索通过筛选能够强烈分解有机物料的多种好氧、厌氧及兼性菌株复合制成污泥兼氧发酵复合菌剂,开发出适于污泥兼氧发酵的模式;阐述了兼氧发酵复合菌作用过程的原理,并以试验加以验证了该模式用于污泥处置的可行性与实用性。     

涂装工艺组合/综合环境试验技术综述

本文介绍了组合/综合试验技术的发展历程及标准应用情况,论述了研究涂装工艺组合/综合试验技术的必要性,对试验方法的设计原则、设计方法及其技术难点进行了深入剖析,并介绍了几种试验结果相互关系的分析方法.     

吸附邻氯酚的超高交联树脂微波辅助再生研究

以NDA-150超高交联树脂为吸附剂,邻氯酚为吸附质,氢氧化钠稀溶液为脱附剂,采用微波间歇辐照的方法,对吸附氯酚树脂的再生过程进行了研究.系统分析了微波功率、辐照时间、碱液浓度对脱附效果的影响,并确定了最佳脱附条件.结果表明,微波辐照再生速度非常快.与传统热脱附不同,微波再生过程中脱附效率并不随碱浓度的增加而升高,微波辐照功率和辐照时间对脱附效果影响明显.树脂经多批次微波辐照,吸附性能和化学结构保持稳定.     

Investigation on the adsorption capability of egg shell membrane towards model textile dyes

Adsorption isotherms of Direct Red 80 (DR80) and Acid Blue 25 (AB25) on the egg shell membrane (ESM) were performed at 20 ± 1 °C. Physical characteristics of ESM such as surface area and presence of functional groups were verified. The Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectra proved the presence of fuctional groups such as hydroxyl, amine and carbonyl groups in ESM. The surface area of ESM was found to be 2.2098 m²/g. The effects of operational parameters such as initial dye concentration, pH₀, contact time, particle size and ESM doses were studied. The Langmuir, Freundlich, BET, Redlich-Peterson and Temkin adsorption models were applied to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics models were examined to evaluate the kinetics data at different pH₀ values (2–12) and the rate constants were calculated. Maximum desorption of 81.8% was achieved for both dyes in aqueous solution at pH₀ 12. Also scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of the treated and untreated adsorbent were performed. Results indicate that ESM could be employed as a natural and Eco-Friendly adsorbent material for the removal of trace organics in solutions.     

壳聚糖复合吸附剂对油的吸附性能

以天然可生物降解的壳聚糖和硬脂酸为原料,通过壳聚糖2位氨基与硬脂酸的羧基相互作用,引入疏水烷基链,制备了疏水的壳聚糖-硬脂酸复合吸附剂(简称复合吸附剂),采用傅立叶红外光谱、X射线衍射对复合吸附剂的结构进行表征,并考察了复合吸附剂对油的回收性能.实验结果表明:壳聚糖和硬脂酸以离子形式结合得到复合吸附剂;当硬脂酸与壳聚糖质量比为0.7时,硬脂酸的结合量最大;复合吸附剂对油的吸附量、保油率、脱附率的顺序分别为花生油(14.93 g/g)>甲基硅油(10.71 g/g)>液体石蜡(9.37 g/g),花生油(94.51%)>液体石蜡(90.74%)>甲基硅油(78.69%),花生油(95.62%)>液体石蜡(93.27%)>甲基硅油(90.73%).     

A Comparison of the Precipitation Chemistry Measurements Obtained by the CAPMoN and NADP/NTN Networks

Precipitation chemistry measurementsobtained by the Canadian Air and PrecipitationMonitoring Network (CAPMoN) and the U.S. NationalAtmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network(NADP/NTN) have been examined using more than 7 yrof collocated data from two sites, namely, Sutton,Quebec, Canada and State College, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.In the case of the CAPMoN data, weeklyprecipitation-weighted mean concentrations, totalsample depths and total standard gauge depths werecomputed from daily data and compared to thecorresponding weekly sampling data of the NADP/NTNnetwork. Seasonal and annual precipitation-weightedmean concentrations and deposition values were alsocomputed for both networks and compared. Statisticallysignificant between-network biases were found to existin the weekly results for most of the measuredvariables, particularly standard gauge depth, sampledepth, pH, H⁺, NO₃ ^-,NH₄ ⁺,Na⁺; the NADP/NTN values were consistently lowerthan those of CAPMoN with the exception of pH andNa⁺. The magnitude of the biases was less than35% of the median CAPMoN weekly value for the 7 yr. For most of the measured parameters, thevariability of the between-network differencesrepresented less than 20% of the median CAPMoN weeklyvalue. Both the between-network biases andvariabilities were functions of several physicalparameters, the most dominant being the sample depthand the ionic concentration. For seasonal and annualdeposition values, statistically significantbetween-network biases were found for H⁺,SO₄ ^2-, NO₃ ^-,Ca²⁺,NH₄ ⁺ for both periods; for Mg²⁺ andK⁺ for seasonal data; and Cl^- for yearlydata, with the NADP/NTN deposition values being lowerthan those of CAPMoN. The relative biases ranged from7 to 37%. Part of the between-network bias in thedeposition estimates was directly attributable to astrong bias in the standard gauge depths of the two networks.