锰掺杂WO3-TiO2复合光催化剂的制备及其性能研究

溶胶-凝胶和浸渍相结合的方法制备锰掺杂WO₃-TiO₂复合光催化剂，RXD表征，考察WO₃和Mn²⁺掺入量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间及催化剂用量对光催化降解甲基橙的影响。结果表明，500℃焙烧2h，掺杂量n_{（Mn²⁺）}∶n_（WO3）∶n_（TiO2）＝0.8∶1∶100时，光催化活性最高，光催化降解甲基橙溶液，120min后，降解率达90%, 比单纯 TiO₂的光催化活性提高81%。     

粘土吸附剂在废水处理中的应用

粘土类矿物因具有独特的层状结构而表现出良好的吸附和离子交换性能 ,在废水处理中有广阔的应用前景。本文在介绍了膨润土、蒙脱土、凹凸棒土、硅藻土和海泡石等粘土矿物的结构和性质的基础上 ,对其作为吸附剂在废水处理中的应用研究情况进行了综述 ,并对其以后的发展进行了讨论     

吸附邻氯酚的超高交联树脂微波辅助再生研究

以NDA-150超高交联树脂为吸附剂，邻氯酚为吸附质，氢氧化钠稀溶液为脱附剂，采用微波间歇辐照的方法，对吸附氯酚树脂的再生过程进行了研究。系统分析了微波功率、辐照时间、碱液浓度对脱附效果的影响，并确定了最佳脱附条件。结果表明，微波辐照再生速度非常快。与传统热脱附不同，微波再生过程中脱附效率并不随碱浓度的增加而升高，微波辐照功率和辐照时间对脱附效果影响明显。树脂经多批次微波辐照，吸附性能和化学结构保持稳定。     

Biodegradation of starch-poly(β-hydroxybutyrate-co-valerate) composites in municipal activated sludge

Injection-molded composites were prepared by blending PHBV⁵ with native cornstarch (30% and 50%) and with cornstarch precoated with PEO as a binding agent. These composites were evaluated for their biodegradability in municipal activated sludge by measuring changes in their physical and chemical properties over a period of 35 days. All composites lost weight, ranging from 45 to 78% within 35 days. Interestingly, the extent and rate of weight loss were quite similar in PHBV composites with no starch, with 30% starch, and with 50% starch. Weight loss was slowest in PHBV blends prepared with PEO-coated starch. For all samples, the weight loss was accompanied by a rapid deterioration in tensile strength and percentage elongation. The deterioration of these mechanical properties exhibited a relative rate of PHBV>starch-PHBV>PEO-coated starch-PHBV. Changes in starch/PHBV composition after biodegradation were quantified by FTIR spectroscopy. Increasing the starch content resulted in more extensive starch degradation, while the PHBV content in the blends became less susceptible to hydrolytic enzymes.The mention of firms names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over firms or similar products not mentioned. All programs and services of the U.S. Department of Agriculture are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, marital status, or handicap.     

Removal of lead from aqueous solutions by condensed tannin gel adsorbent

Lead has caused serious environmental pollution due to its toxicity, accumulation in food chains and persistence in nature.In this paper, lead removal from aqueous solutions was investigated using condensed tannin gel adsorbent synthesized from a natural tannin compound. It is found that the adsorption is strongly affected by pH values of aqueous solutions.Within pH range of 3.5-6,when initial lead concentration is 100 mg/L, removal efficiency is more than 90%.Adsorption equilibrium is reached within 150 minutes.The adsorption isotherm fits well with the Langmuir equation, by which the saturated adsorption uptake of 190 mg Pb^2 /g dry tannin gel adsorbent is obtained.By means of thermodynamics analysis,it is revealed that the process is exothermic and the adsorption heat is up to 38.4kJ/mol.With respect to high efficiency, moderate pH requirement and minimized second pollution, the tannin gel adsorbent exhibits a promising potential in the removal of lead from wastewater.     

铁-铈水合氧化物吸附剂除磷的间歇试验研究

采用共沉淀法合成铁-铈水合氧化物脱磷吸附剂，进行其对水溶液中磷酸盐吸附的速率曲线、pH值影响曲线、吸附等温线等的测定。结果显示，该复合吸附剂在pH=2～6范围内均具有良好的吸附除磷效果，其最大静态吸附量是粉末活性氧化铝的1.8倍以上。对富磷吸附剂的解吸及再生试验显示，该吸附剂可循环使用，一次再生后吸附容量约为新鲜吸附剂容量的90％。     

高性能铅离子吸附剂

总结了铅离子吸附剂的种类、吸附原理及吸附性能,列举了各类吸附剂的特点,并比较了它们的吸附性能。指出合成类吸附剂具有理化性能稳定、吸附性能优异等优势,是高性能铅离子吸附剂的发展方向。     

水中微量有机物氯化物脱除复合膜的研制

采用溶液聚合法合成了丙烯酸及丙烯酸酯共聚物，并利用该共聚物可与环氧树脂交联的作用制备出交联聚丙烯酸及基酯的共聚物，并在聚砚底膜上涂膜形成可优先透过氯化有机物（THMs)的复合膜，以1，1，2－三氯乙烷，三氯乙烯等稀水溶液对丙烯酸酯系列复合膜进行了系统测试和研究，分别考察了不同制膜液、交联剂、操作压力、操作温度、进料液浓度、不同分离体系等条件对膜性能的影响，并优选出交联AB－AA－MAA／PS复合膜，表明效果良好，有很好的研究和发展前景。     

影响碳纤维增强树脂基复合材举腐蚀重要环境因素的研究

正交试验对环境因素进行筛选，得出温度是影响复合材料腐蚀的最显著环境因子。通过静态浸渍增重法获取溶液温度及溶液成分对材料吸水率的影响规律。并且对复合材料试样浸渍腐蚀前后的表面微观形貌进行了观察。     

氮掺杂石墨碳包埋Fe0复合材料的制备及活化过硫酸盐性能研究

采用"水热+热解"两步法制备介孔碳复合零价铁材料（Fe@HC）作为过硫酸盐（PS）活化剂，生成强氧化的活性物质，进而降解偶氮类染料活性黑5（RB5）.同时，采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、比表面测试仪（BET）和X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）对制备的复合材料进行表征，并考察了Fe@HC投加量、PS投加量、pH值及阴离子对活化PS去除RB5的影响.结果表明，采用"水热+热解"两步法成功制备了Fe@HC，其比表面积为280.7 m²·g^-1，平均孔径约为5.1 nm，BJH吸附累积总孔体积为0.284 cm³·g^-1.相对于单独的Fe@HC和PS，Fe@HC和PS共同存在可高效地去除RB5，脱色率为99.24%，且萘环破坏效率也达到了61.76%.RB5整体去除效果随Fe@HC、PS投加量的增大而提升，Fe@HC/PS体系在pH=3~11范围内对RB5的萘环破坏效率及脱色效率始终高于62%及86%，Cl^-和SO₄^2-对去除效率的影响较小，Fe@HC展示出良好的环境抗干扰能力.Fe@HC活化PS去除RB5的机理主要是体系中¹O₂的氧化降解作用.Fe@HC循环再生性能好.