利用负离子的油烟多级净化装置的研究探讨

针对目前餐饮油烟净化技术去除细小颗粒物的不足,在总结现阶段油烟净化技术的研究应用现状的基础上,分析湿式+过滤的复合式油烟净化装置基础上应用空气负离子除污技术的可能性,提出了基于空气负离子技术的新型多级油烟净化装置设想及其发展途径与研究方向。     

桉树遗态Fe_2O_3/Fe_3O_4/C复合材料对某尾矿库废水中砷的吸附研究

以制备的桉树遗态Fe_2O_3/Fe_3O_4/C复合材料(PBGC-Fe/C)为吸附剂,对某尾矿库废水中砷等重金属进行了吸附实验。研究了温度、pH、废水化学组成、吸附剂投加量及粒径等对吸附的影响。结果表明,吸附剂投加量越大、粒径越小,温度为35℃,p H为3左右吸附效果最好。但实际废水组分复杂,存在竞争吸附及化学沉淀等使砷的总去除率随p H的增大而增大。综合考虑,吸附砷的最佳条件组合为废水p H=5,PBGC-Fe/C投加量0.06 g/m L,粒径150μm。此时废水中总砷质量浓度为0.487 mg/L,可达标排放。     

天然鸡蛋壳对污水中三价铬的吸附特性

用天然鸡蛋壳吸附处理含三价铬溶液。采用SEM-EDS技术对吸附材料进行了表征,并考察了溶液p H、接触时间、温度、吸附剂投加量、三价铬浓度、吸附材料粒径等因素对鸡蛋壳吸附三价铬的影响。最大吸附量48.6 mg/g是在低投加量0.5 g/L条件下获得,其实验条件为30℃、溶液p H=5.0、粒径0.1~0.3mm、初始浓度为100 mg/g。实验数据能较好的拟合朗缪尔等温吸附方程和准二级动力学方程。     

高级氧化技术再生吸附剂的研究进展

对高级氧化技术再生吸附剂的研究现状进行了综述,重点介绍了光催化氧化技术、Fenton氧化技术、活化过硫酸盐氧化技术和臭氧氧化技术4种方法再生吸附剂的应用,分析了4种氧化技术用于吸附剂再生的机理,指出了各种再生方法存在的不足,并对后续的研究方向进行了展望。     

镉、铬复合污染水源水的处理技术研究

重金属引起的给水污染是威胁人体健康的元凶首恶之一,也为传统给水处理工艺提出更大的挑战.本文以强化混凝沉淀的方法处理铬、镉复合污染的水源水,旨在通过优化原工艺应对突发污染.研究表明,针对铬和镉的初始污染浓度分别为0.170 0 mg/L和0.030 0 mg/L的复合污染水源水,采用分段工艺,只需在原水的pH值的条件下,投加混凝剂(FeCl3)20.0 mg/L,混凝剂(PAFC)的投加量为2mg/L,出水即可以达到国家出水标准.处理过程模拟水厂现有工艺,无需新增设备,易于操作.     

Recent progress of arsenic adsorption on TiO2 in the presence of coexisting ions: A review

Arsenic (As)-contaminated wastewater and groundwater pose a pressing environmental issue and worldwide concern. Adsorption of As using TiO₂ materials, in combination with filtration, introduces a promising technology for the treatment of As-contaminated water. This review presents an overview on the recent progress of the application of TiO₂ for removal of As from wastewater and groundwater. The main focus is on the following three pressing issues that limit the field applications of TiO₂ for As removal: coexisting ions, simulation of breakthrough curves, and regeneration and reuse of spent TiO₂ materials. We first examined how the coexisting ions in water, especially high concentrations of cations in industrial wastewater, affect the efficacy of As removal using the TiO₂ materials. We then discussed As breakthrough curves and the effect of compounded ions on the breakthrough curves. We successfully simulated the breakthrough curves by PHREEQC after integrating the CD-MUSIC model. We further discussed challenges facing the regeneration and reuse of TiO₂ media for practical applications. We offer our perspectives on remaining issues and future research needs.     

活性炭对垃圾渗滤液中甲醛、苯酚和苯胺吸附规律的研究

本采用经过预处理的200目活性炭作为吸附剂进行吸附实验，研究了在不同的活性炭加入量、吸附pH值、吸附温度、初始质量浓度和吸附时间等条件下，活性炭吸附甲醛、苯酚和苯胺单组份溶液的规律。吸附实验中，甲醛、苯酚和苯胺的初始质量浓度控制在垃圾渗滤液的范围，同时，其它条件也按照吸附操作的常用条件进行。结果表明：活性炭对苯酚和苯胺的吸附量随着pH值的升高呈下降的趋势，而对甲醛的吸附量呈上升的趋势；初始质量浓度对吸附量的影响较小；随温度的升高，吸附量呈下降的趋势；活性炭对甲醛、苯酚和苯胺吸附达到饱和时，所需时间分别为120min、40mm和80min左右，饱和吸附量分别为0．0148mg／g、0．708mg／g和1.14mg／g左右；由吸附等温公式的拟合结果显示，吸附是一复杂的过程，不是单一的物理或化学吸附。此外，活性炭对垃圾渗滤液的吸附处理，有较好的效果，去除率为55％～65％。所得活性炭的吸附规律，既可以为活性炭吸附这些物质或近似物提供参考，又可以为新型吸附剂的研制提供参照标准。     

垃圾渗滤液在厌氧复合床反应器中反硝化-产甲烷的小试研究

本试验是在厌氧复合床反应器中进行垃圾渗滤液的反硝化-产甲烷的小试研究。试验结果显示,处理有机物浓度较高的垃圾渗滤液时,反硝化-产甲烷能够在厌氧复合床反应器中实现同步进行。厌氧复合床反应器对垃圾渗滤液的COD去除率可达85%,对人工模拟回流的NO3--N去除率可达到99%。在反硝化-产甲烷耦合的同一反应器中,反硝化对COD的消耗去除起主要作用.随着进水COD浓度的升高,产甲烷量增大。当进水ρ(COD)/ρ(NO3--N)>10时,下部的污泥床几乎承担了全部反硝化任务,NO3--N去除率接近反应器总去除率。     

Effect of viscosity, basicity and organic content of composite flocculant on the decolorization performance and mechanism for reactive dyeing wastewater

A coagulation/flocculation process using the composite flocculant polyaluminum chloride-epichlorohydrin dimethylamine (PAC-EPI-DMA) was employed for the treatment of an anionic azo dye (Reactive Brilliant Red K-2BP dye). The effect of viscosity (ηup), basicity (B = [OH]/[Al]) and organic content (W_P) on the flocculation performance as well as the mechanism of PAC-EPI-DMA flocculant were investigated. The ηup was the key factor affecting the dye removal efficiency of PAC-EPI-DMA. PAC-EPI-DMA with an intermediate ηup (2400 mPa.sec) gave higher decolorization efficiency by adsorption bridging and charge neutralization due to the co-effect of PAC and EPI-DMA polymers. The W_P of the composite flocculant was a minor important factor for the flocculation. The adsorption bridging of PAC-EPI-DMA with ηup of 300 or 4300 mPa.sec played an important role with the increase of W_P, whereas the charge neutralization of them was weaker with the increase of W_P. There was interaction between W_P and B on the removal of reactive dye. The composite flocculant with intermediate viscosity and organic content was effective for the treatment of reactive dyeing wastewater, which could achieve high reactive dye removal efficiency with low organic dosage.     

复合膨润土的合成及其对氟离子的吸附

针对粉末状膨润土在水处理应用中固液相难分离、吸附性能低等问题,以丙烯酰胺为聚合单体,采用水溶液聚合法,合成了系列复合膨润土,并用XRD、SEM和红外光谱(IR)分析手段对复合膨润土进行了表征.复合膨润土对氟离子的吸附和再生实验表明:复合膨润土对水中F-离子的吸附性能高于纯粉末膨润土,且随着复合膨润土含量的增高而增加,膨...