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991.
992.
多元逐步回归对苯胺类化合物结构与毒性模型研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用Chemoffice6.0中MOPAC-AMl量子化学法计算了24种苯胺类化合物的6种量子化学结构参数.其中取17个化合物作为样本集对-lgEC50进行多元逐步回归分析.得到最佳方程.经自由度校正的回归系数R=0.985。应用所建立的QSAR模型验证了苯胺类化合物的EC50值.并通过“Jackknife”中的逐一抽取法进行模型检验,得出该模型具有很好的稳定性.平均残差仅为0.05个对数单位.小于文献值。经过7个预测样本对该模型进行验证.结果表明.该模型具有很好的预测能力。同时分析了苯胺类化合物的毒性机理。 相似文献
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Maged M. Hamed 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2005,9(4):253-264
The Gulf War in 1991 created an environmental catastrophe, one of the major consequences of which was setting several oil wells on fire in the Arabian Gulf area. The total oil spilled as a result of the damaged wells was about 3.5 × 106 m3. Out of these, 3.3 × 106 m3 of oil was recovered and exported. The rest was left behind as it was not economical to collect. The oil left behind was subject to severe weathering over the past ten years. Soil and subsurface contamination pose a serious risk to the quality of the already scarce fresh groundwater resources in the area which was subject to oil spill in the study region. This paper presents the computer modeling activities carried out towards simulating the transport of the hydrocarbon contamination of the fresh groundwater resources at a study area in the Arabian Gulf region, and predicting the contamination levels at the fresh groundwater lenses in the area in the future, should current contamination levels persist in the soil and groundwater. The modeling activities relied on both semi-analytical and numerical flow and transport models. 相似文献
996.
Camila Hendges Andréia da Paz Schiller Jéssica Manfrin Eurides Kuster Macedo Jr. Affonso C. Gonçalves Jr. José Renato Stangarlin 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2019,54(4):219-225
The objective of this study was to evaluate pesticide poisonings in the southern region of Brazil between years 1999 and 2014. Data were collected from the database Sinitox. Intoxications and deaths were evaluated according to the distribution by gender (female and male), age group (≤14, 15–59 and ≥60 years), area of occurrence (urban and rural), circumstance (accident, occupational and suicide attempt) and evolution of the cases over time (cure, unconfirmed cure, death and sequelae). In the evaluated period, 21,305 cases of intoxication were registered. The results show that males between the ages of 15 and 59 years are more affected; and there is a greater representativeness in the urban area. These results are related to the application of agrochemicals being carried out by individuals between 15 and 59 years of age. The great correlation of urban area possibly occurs in function of the air currents brought from the field and as a result, population has been more affected and the consumption of contaminated food. It was observed that women handling pesticides more cautiously, in this way the accidents with male gender are more frequent, however, many women use the product intentionally to provoke suicide. 相似文献
997.
Tunisia has very limited potential of surface and groundwater resources which are subject to different quantitative and qualitative forms of degradation. The risk of groundwater pollution results from the interaction between the vulnerability of aquifers to pollution and anthropogenic activities. Our research focuses on the study of the Sers water table water quality (northwest Tunisia) following the inputs used for agricultural activities in the region. Water samples were extracted from 40 wells to analyze the main physicochemical parameter indicators of the groundwater quality. The results obtained show that these waters have two major facies: Na-Cl and Ca-Mg-SO4. The nitrate contents are relatively high suggesting that the agricultural activities are probably the most important anthropogenic source of water contamination. The results of the Standardized Principal Component Analysis (SPCA) confirm the geochemical methods and results and provide further information about the water quality of the Sers El Kef aquifer. In addition, the pollution degree differs from one site to another depending on the spreading rate of nitrogen fertilizers and the distance from the pollution source. 相似文献
998.
Verona Borges Ferreira Leonardo Fontes Estrella Marcelo Guzzon Rodrigues Alves Christoph Gallistl Walter Vetter Thadia Turon Costa Silva 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2020,55(1):30-41
AbstractOrganochlorine (OCP) pesticides were determined in samples of sardine (Sardinella brasiliensis), whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri), and mullet (Mugil liza) from Guanabara Bay (state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). OCP concentrations and fish consumption were linked with acceptable daily intake values in order to assess the human health risk for the Brazilian population. The total concentrations of OCPs (Σ OCP) was 6.6?ng/g f.w., 7.5?ng/g f.w., and 2.8?ng/g f.w. for sardines, corvina, and mullet, respectively. There was a significant difference (P?<?0.05) among the species related to o,p’-DDD and o,p’-DDT concentrations. Both DDT-related compounds were 5 and 76 times more abundant in sardines than in whitemouth croaker and mullet. Newly discovered DDT metabolite, o-Cl-DDMU, was frequently detected in the fish. None of the samples exceeded the maximum limits for acceptable levels of OCP residues. According to the data of average intake of Brazilian population, none of three species exceeded toxicological parameter. The investigated fishes are considered as safe for human consumption in regard to exposure of the studied OCPs. However, fish may be a intake source of OCP metabolites such as o-Cl-DDMU whose toxicity is still unknown. 相似文献
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以重庆市某铅污染场地为研究对象,选用多种稳定化药剂对土壤开展稳定化修复技术研究,着重探讨了不同单一药剂与复配药剂对土壤铅浸出浓度的影响。实验结果表明:磷酸二氢钠(MSP)、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸钠和石灰4种无机药剂中MSP的稳定化修复效果最佳,且磷酸盐类的稳定化修复效果整体上优于石灰;MSP与少量有机药剂腐殖酸复配施用的稳定化修复效果优于单独施加MSP;在MSP投加比(与土壤的质量比)为5%、腐殖酸投加比为2%、养护时间为7 d的最优工艺条件下,土壤中铅的浸出浓度由41.70 mg/L降至0.16 mg/L,低于《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB 16889—2008)中规定的0.25 mg/L浓度限值。 相似文献
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采用由C_1~C_4低碳醇组成的复配萃取剂萃取回收粉煤灰生产Al_2O_3废水(脱硅液)中的偏硅酸钠,在提取产品偏硅酸钠的同时回收脱硅液中的碱。直接进行萃取时偏硅酸钠易流失,萃取剂用量大,回收成本较高。将脱硅液浓缩后再进行萃取,萃取剂用量大幅减少,回收成本明显下降。将萃取剂成本与浓缩所需成本之和最低时的最佳浓缩比下、脱硅液与萃取剂体积比为1∶0.8时回收的偏硅酸钠干燥处理,干燥后的偏硅酸钠中Na_2O含量(w)大于20.5%,SiO_2含量大于20.0%,水不溶物含量小于0.05%,铁含量小于0.05%,白度大于70%,产品符合HG/T2568—2008《工业偏硅酸钠》标准。 相似文献