燃煤手烧锅炉除尘器的研究与开发

介绍了一种集多种湿法除尘技术之长于一体的新型组合式除尘装置,该装置不仅能有效地消除手烧锅炉燃烧时产生的烟尘,而且实现了除尘水的内循环,消除了其他湿式除尘器所带来的水的二次污染问题。     

焦炉装煤烟尘治理方案的探讨

焦炉装煤烟尘含有害物质，污染环境，危害人体健康。袋式除尘器的使用，消除了烟尘的污染，但因投资大、运行费用高、操作复杂，难以得到快速、广泛的推广。根据实验结果和已有应用情况，本文推荐了三相流化床除尘装置和颗粒层除尘器，它们可用于焦炉装煤烟尘治理，其投资和运行费用会大大降低。     

金属丝棉结构在电焊烟尘处理中的过滤性能研究

电焊烟尘对人危害极大,必须加以净化才能排放到空气中.然而电焊作业烟尘量极大,由于过滤效率低,导致小型移动式电焊除尘器应用受到限制.为了更好地利用移动式除尘器净化电焊烟尘,研究高效过滤材料变得非常重要.通过数值模拟金属丝绵的除尘效率、过滤压力损失及残余压降等影响过滤性能的因素,将金属丝绵应用于移动式除尘器.为了更好地发挥...     

碳酸氢钠及其固态分解产物对玉米淀粉爆炸抑制实验研究

为研究NaHCO3对玉米淀粉爆炸的抑制效果,采用20 L球形爆炸装置测试玉米淀粉在添加不同抑制比NaHCO3及其固态分解产物Na2 CO3后爆炸参数变化规律,并分析NaHCO3抑制淀粉爆炸过程.结果表明:NaHCO3及Na2 CO3对玉米淀粉爆炸均有抑制作用,NaHCO3抑制效果优于Na2 CO3;混合粉尘的最大爆炸压...     

Inhibiting effects by Fe2O3 on combustion and explosion characteristics of ABS resin

The global increase in the use of, and reliance on, plastics has prompted the demand for acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin in various fields. With this increased requirement, numerous failures have occurred in the ABS process. Those incidents, resulting from electrostatic discharge, powder accumulation, heat accumulation, construction sparks, and plant fires, have caused dust fire and explosions.In this study, the ABS resin was gleaned from the site and tested for its explosion parameters, including minimum ignition temperature of dust cloud (MIT_C), minimum ignition energy (MIE), and minimum explosion concentration (MEC). To improve loss prevention in the manufacturing process, ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃) as an inert additive was added in the ABS powder. According to the MIE test, Fe₂O₃ has an apparent inhibiting effect on dust explosion for the ABS dust. With the proportion of Fe₂O₃ increased from 25 to 50 mass% in ABS, the MIE increased from 67 to 540 mJ. The explosion tests via 20-L apparatus indicated that Fe₂O₃ mixed with ABS could not increase the MEC significantly. However, the explosion pressure dropped by increasing in the ratio of Fe₂O₃ in ABS. This inerting strategy of ABS was deemed to substantially lessen the probability and severity of fire and explosion.     

PAN dust explosion inhibition mechanisms of NaHCO3 and Al(OH)3

We investigate the PAN dust explosion inhibition behaviors of NaHCO₃ and Al(OH)₃ in a 20 L spherical explosion system and a transparent pipe explosion propagation test system. The results show that, in the standard 20 L spherical explosion system, the highest PAN dust explosion concentration is 500 g/m³, the maximum explosion pressure is 0.661 MPa, and the maximum explosion pressure increase rate is 31.64 MPa/s; adding 50% NaHCO₃ and 60% Al(OH)₃ can totally inhibit PAN dust explosion. In the DN0.15 m transparent pipe explosion propagation test system, for 500 g/m³ PAN dust, the initial explosion flame velocity is 102 m/s, the initial pressure is 0.46 MPa, and the initial temperature is 967 °C; adding 60% NaHCO₃ and 70% Al(OH)₃ can totally inhibit PAN dust explosion flames. Through FTIR and TG analyses, we obtain the explosion products and pyrolysis patterns of the explosion products of PAN dust, NaHCO₃, and Al(OH)₃. On this basis, we also summarize the PAN dust explosion inhibition mechanisms of NaHCO₃ and Al(OH)₃.     

激波诱导下煤粉的爆炸压力测试

因气体爆炸导致沉积粉尘的二次爆炸的威力远大于单纯的气体或者粉尘爆炸产生的威力,利用自制的装置,诱导煤粉爆炸的激波由甲烷气体爆炸产生,对激波诱导下煤粉的爆炸压力Pmax、爆炸压力上升速率(dp/dt)max进行了实验研究。该实验分别研究煤粉浓度及煤粉粒度对爆炸指数的影响,其结果表明:对于不同的煤粉浓度,存在一个理想煤粉浓度值,在这个浓度下的煤粉爆炸压力值最大;随着煤粉粒度的减小,其爆炸压力不断升高。     

钢铁窑炉烟尘PM_(2.5)控制技术与装备

简述了国家863课题"钢铁窑炉烟尘PM_(2.5)控制技术与装备"的目的、意义和研究成果,介绍了细颗粒物预荷电技术、基于海岛纤维的表面超细过滤材料、预荷电袋滤器、"一阀多喷"清灰等技术的最新进展,通过示范工程的成功运行,验证了成果的先进性和实用性。研究成果将为工业窑炉烟尘细颗粒物深度净化提供技术和装备支撑,适用于新建除尘项目和除尘项目改造。     

移动通风收尘装置在炼铁厂的应用

本文主要介绍移动通风收尘装置的关键技术性能及其成功应用的经验,对目前应用效果不好的原因进行了系统分析,提出了几点建议,对相似工程具有一定的借鉴意义。     

EVA树脂粉尘/甲烷/空气杂混物爆炸特性

在20 L爆炸实验装置中,开展了3种不同中值粒径的EVA树脂粉尘/甲烷/空气所组成的杂混物爆炸特性研究,探究了甲烷浓度对粉尘爆炸下限、最大爆炸压力的影响。结果表明,尽管添加的甲烷气体浓度低于爆炸下限,仍使得粉尘爆炸下限得以降低,粒径较大的EVA III粉尘,当甲烷体积分数为1%时,爆炸下限降低约25%;粒径较小的EVA I粉尘,当混入甲烷体积分数为4%时,爆炸下限则降低80%;甲烷体积分数每增加1%,可燃粉尘最大爆炸压力上升约10%,但对于粒径较小的EVA I粉尘,当甲烷体积分数为4%时,最大爆炸压力的上升呈现突变趋势,上升近50%。