Dissolved Organic Carbon and Estrogen Transport in Surface Runoff From Agricultural Land Receiving Poultry Litter1

Dutta, Sudarshan, Shreeram Inamdar, Jerry Tso, Diana S. Aga, and J. Tom Sims, 2012. Dissolved Organic Carbon and Estrogen Transport in Surface Runoff from Agricultural Land Receiving Poultry Litter. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 48(3): 558-569. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00634.x Abstract: Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) provides a reactive substrate for the transport of organic contaminants with runoff. Very few studies have investigated the export of DOC from agricultural land, especially those receiving manure applications. We investigated exports of DOC in surface runoff from agricultural fields receiving various treatments of poultry litter (raw vs. pelletized). In addition, we also investigated how estrogens in runoff were associated with DOC. Different forms of estrogens studied were: estrone, 17β-estradiol, estriol, and their conjugates. Experimental agricultural plots were 12 m × 5 m long and had reduced tillage and no-till management practices. The aromatic content of DOC was characterized using specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA). Flow-weighted concentrations of DOC and SUVA in surface runoff from plots with poultry litter were significantly (p ≤ 0.10) greater than the control (no litter) plots. Compared to pelletized poultry litter, reduced-tillage plots with raw litter yielded higher DOC concentrations and SUVA values. No significant differences (p ≥ 0.10) in DOC and SUVA were observed between litter treatments for plots with no-till. Total estrogen concentrations (including all forms) were positively and significantly (p ≤ 0.10) correlated with DOC. These results can help select and guide agricultural management practices that can reduce the exports of DOC and associated contaminant from agricultural land receiving manure applications.     

AFP transport across the fetal membranes in the human

In this investigation the original observation of a correlation between the concentration of amniotic fluid albumin and maternal serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP), as a proof for amniotic fluid-derived AFP in the maternal compartment is confirmed at 15 and 16 weeks of gestation. In contrast to the earlier reported highly significant relation in this study the correlation is only weak, especially at 15 weeks. This might be in agreement with a more frequent absence of raised maternal serum AFP levels in cases of raised amniotic fluid AFP levels prior to 16 weeks of gestation. Transamniotic AFP transport contributes a minor part of the AFP present in the maternal compartment, as also indicated by the lack of correlation between AFP concentrations in amniotic fluid and maternal serum.     

地形起伏地区管道水联运充水排气过程分析

针对油气长输管道投产前通常会进行充水清管、调试和吹扫(常规称:水联运),由于埋地管道随地形起伏经过无数个相对高点和低点,管道充水前处于自然状态,一旦管内充水,就会将管内空气归聚成封闭空间,形成多个带压气团随水头移动,时而被压缩,时而被膨胀,从而造成管道断流,影响泵站正常工作,严重的还会导致管道泄压装置受损、爆管事故等问题,分析了管道水联运过程中不同地形起伏高点和低点带压气团的成因和状态,用实例计算了带压气团对管道水联运的影响及排除方法,从而为长输管道投产前正常的水联运作业提供借鉴。     

近10年长三角城际运输联系初步研究

通过对长三角地区1994—2003年各个城市客运量、货运量的分析,总结出近10年来该区域城际运输联系的基本特征。长三角客运量向交通轴线集中,交通走廊经济效应日益突现,货运量多中心分布,极化效应明显。长三角地区经济的快速发展是城际运输联系增强的推进器,区内交通轴线成为重要经济增长轴,南翼浙江借助于港口优势,其经济高速发展态势直逼北翼的苏南地区。     

国外交通运输战略环境评价的实践及对我国的启示

战略环境评价（SEA）作为一种重要的环境管理工具和实施可持续发展战略的手段．已经被融入到各种战略决策中。基于国外近几年交通运输SEA的文献。阐述了国外开展交通运输SEA的现状。分析了国外开展交通运输SEA的理论研究和实践经验。结合我国国情．提出了我国进一步开展交通运输SEA研究和实践的建议。