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91.
利用2017年四川盆地18个城市PM2.5小时浓度数据、欧洲气象中心ERA-Interim再分析资料对四川盆地污染特征及不同季节近地面风场特征进行统计分析.通过分异指数和相关性分析各城市PM2.5逐小时浓度,结合近地面风场特征分析出四川盆地污染物变化趋势最相似的城市组合,探索污染物传输特征.研究发现,分异指数和相关性分析得到的传输通道城市组合与地面风场基本相符.四川盆地污染物输送途径可能包括以下3条路径,第1条"川西通道":污染物随气流沿广元→绵阳东南部→德阳→成都、眉山北部→雅安流动;第2条"川中通道":污染物随气流沿巴中→南充北部→遂宁北部、绵阳东南部→资阳北部→眉山东部→乐山北部流动;第3条"川东通道":污染物随气流沿重庆北部→达州、广安→南充南部→遂宁中部→资阳东部→内江、自贡→宜宾、泸州流动.川西通道城市污染排放量大,容易引起连片污染,对应城市群应实施联防联控;川东通道末端在川南城市群和重庆形成风场辐合,造成污染物的滞留和累积,因此,建议在中长期产业布局中减少川南城市群的重污染企业. 相似文献
92.
本文通过对硫同位素、铅同位素、稀土元素、微量元素的研究,总结了安徽岳山银铅锌矿床的地球化学特征,并探讨了其成因,认为该矿床为火山一次火山气液作用形成的中低温热液型银铅锌矿床。 相似文献
93.
应用激光粒度粒形分析仪、灰熔融性测定仪、原子吸收光谱仪和XRD等仪器手段对国内2种垃圾焚烧飞灰的密度、颗粒特性、熔点、成分和晶相结构等物理化学性质进行了详细的研究。研究发现,2种灰样颗粒直径的数量积分分布非常接近,其中基本没有超过40/μm的颗粒。由于垃圾焚烧飞灰在化学成分上存在的差异导致了其熔点有很大的不同。此外,XRD结果显示不同来源的飞灰其晶相结构存在较大的差别,这可能与垃圾的来源和焚烧工艺以及烟气处理方法有关。实验结果为飞灰无害化低温烧结工艺的选择和运行参数的制定提供了依据。 相似文献
94.
Robert France 《Environmental management》1996,20(2):249-255
Due to assimilation of recycled CO2 from litter decomposition and photosynthetic changes in carbon fractionation at low light levels, the foliage at the base of a forest is often more depleted in13C compared to that exposed to the atmosphere in either the canopy or in open clearings. This is referred to as the canopy effect. African research has indicated that these habitat differences in foliar 13C can be substantial enough to affect the carbon isotope ratios of resident fauna. Previous work documenting a 30-year chronology on moose teeth from Isle Royale National Park indicated a progressive depletion in13C and suggested that this could be due to forest regrowth following extensive burning. The present study examined the assumption implicit in this hypothesis that foliar 13C varies between open and closed boreal forest sites. I found a marginal canopy effect of 2 13C difference between upper canopy and ground flora for a forest in northwestern Ontario and an average difference of 1.2 in under- and mid-story vegetation between closed forests and open clear-cuts. Because of these small differences, the utility of carbon isotope analysis in quantifying temporally integrated exploitation of deforested habitats will be low for northern boreal locations. In denser forests, such as those in the tropics or western North American where the canopy effect can be expected to be much greater, 13C analysis may still offer some promise for determining selection by wildlife of disturbed habitats. 相似文献
95.
Atsuyoshi Nakayama Norioki Kawasaki Ioannis Arvanitoyannis Seiichi Aiba Noboru Yamamoto 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1996,4(3):205-211
Biodegradable polyesters were synthesized by ring-opening copolymerization of -butyrolactone (BL) and its derivatives withl-lactide (LLA). Although tetraphenyl tin was the main catalyst used, other organometallic catalysts were used as well.1H and13C NMR spectra showed that poly(BL-co-LLA)s were statistical and that their number-average molecular weights were as high as 7×104. The maximum BL content obtained from copolymerization BL/LLA was around 17%. TheT
m andT
g values of the copolymers showed a gradual depression with an increase in BL content. NoT
m was obtained for the copolymers containing more than 13 mol% BL. The biodegradability of the copolyesters was evaluated by enzymatic hydrolysis and nonenzymatic hydrolysis tests. The enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out at 37°C for 24 h using lipases fromRhizopus arrhizus andR. delemar. Hydrolyses by both lipases showed that an increase in BL content of the copolymer resulted in enhanced biodegradability. Nonenzymatic accelerated hydrolysis of copolymers at 70°C was found to increase proportionally to their exposure time. The hydrolysis rate of these copolymers was considerably faster than that of PLLA. The higher hydrolyzability was recorded for the BL-rich copolymers. The copolymerization of -methyl--butyrolactone (MBL) or -ethyl--butyrolactone (EBL) with LLA resulted in relatively LA-rich copolymers. 相似文献
96.
J. J. Jesudason R. H. Marchessault T. Saito 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》1993,1(2):89-98
The synthetic analogue of a bacterially produced polyester, poly(-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) was synthesized from racemic -butyrolactone using anin situ trimethyl aluminum-water catalyst. The polymer was fractionated into samples differing in molecular weight and isotactic diad content. The latter was closely related to degree of crystallinity. The biodegradation of these fractions were examined by monitoring mass loss over time in the presence of anAlcaligenes faecalis T1 extracellular bacterial poly(-hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase. The fraction with high isotactic diad tacticity content showed little or no degradation over a 50 hour incubation period, whereas the fraction of intermediate isotactic diad content degraded in a continuous steady fashion at a rate that was less than that for bacterial PHB. The low isotactic diad fraction underwent a rapid initial degradation, followed by no further mass loss. The presence of stereoblocks in the polymer structure of the various fractions was an influence on the degree of susceptibility towards degradation and is related to sample crystallinity. 相似文献
97.
在充分整理单台水氡资料的基础上,对发生在祁连山—河西走廊活动断裂系的5级以上地震进行了短临阶段水氡异常的分析研究。内容主要包括:异常出现的频次、持续时间、异常结束到发震的时间、异常的范围等。进而对该地区5级以上地震水氡短临前兆异常的特征作了归纳。 相似文献
98.
99.
新疆强对流暴雨的气候特征和概率分布模式研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
应用1980—2001年的6h降水量资料和雨量时程方程,首次给出了新疆地区强对流暴雨的划分标准;分析了强对流暴雨的气候特征、大气环流背景、影响系统、变化趋势和概率分布模式;发现,20世纪90年代强对流暴雨次数有明显的增加,Poisson分布拟合强对流暴雨频率分布尚好,还计算了各地每年(雨季)强对流暴雨发生n次以上的概率。 相似文献
100.