Arsenite oxidation by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Alcaligenes</Emphasis> sp. strain RS-19 isolated from arsenic-contaminated mines in the Republic of Korea

Arsenite [As(III)]-oxidizing bacteria play important roles in reducing arsenic [As] toxicity and mobility in As-contaminated areas. As-resistant bacteria were isolated from the soils of two abandoned mines in the Republic of Korea. The isolated bacteria showed relatively high resistances to As(III) up to 26 mM. The PCR-based 16S rRNA analysis revealed that the isolated As-resistant bacteria were close relatives to Serratia marcescensa, Pseudomonas putida, Pantoea agglomerans, and Alcaligenes sp. Among the five As-resistant bacterial isolates, Alcaligenes sp. strain RS-19 showed the highest As(III)-oxidizing activity in batch tests, completely oxidizing 1 mM of As(III) to As(V) within 40 h during heterotrophic growth. This study suggests that the indigenous bacteria have evolved to retain the ability to resist toxic As in the As-contaminated environments and moreover to convert the species to a less toxic form [e.g., from As(III) to As(V)] and also contribute the biogeochemical cycling of As by being involved in speciation of As.     

矿山地质环境质量评价数学模型研究概述

在对大量文献和典型矿山地质调查资料研究的基础上,从矿山环境地质问题所导致的结果(资源损毁、地质灾害、环境污染)出发,筛选出合理的评价因子并建立评价指标体系.采用不同的评价方法,通过进行现状—预测—综合评价最终确定矿山地质环境质量评价数学模型;并将评价方法应用于实际矿山地质环境质量评价中,获得了较好的一致性.     

陶庄煤矿矿震灾害与防治

本文通过对陶庄煤矿矿区地质构造及矿震分布特征的分析，探讨了矿震的发生条件及其机理，提出了矿震与天然地震的关联性，阐明了矿震的前兆特征及防治措施。     

Nutrients Can Enhance Phytoremediation of Copper-Polluted Soil by Indian Mustard

An orthogonally designed experiment was conducted to study the single and combined effects of N, P and K on phytoremediation of Cu-polluted soil by Indian mustard. Addition of fertilizer N and P significantly increased Indian mustard shoot yield. Two high treatments combined with N resulted in the highest yields, followed by low-P combined with N. In contrast, high P with no N gave no yield increase and K had no effect on yield of Indian mustard. Nitrogen and P increased the amount of chlorophyll in the leaves, indicating that the yield increases were due to enhanced photosynthesis. Nitrogen application had no effect on plant Cu concentrations but addition of P slightly decreased plant Cu concentrations, likely a dilution effect resulting from the increase in yield. Among the treatments, N and P applied at 100 and 200 mg kg^–1 respectively with no K application resulted in the highest Cu uptake. Thus, a combination of low N and high P produced a yield increase in Indian mustard that was more than adequate to compensate for a slight decrease in Cu concentration, resulting in the highest Cu removal from the contaminated soil.     

污染土壤添加有机物质对黑麦草吸收铜的影响

研究了泥炭和堆肥对铜污染土壤盆栽黑麦草吸收铜状况的影响。结果表明 ,黑麦草地上、地下部含铜量皆随土壤污染水平提高而增加 ,地下部的增幅远大于地上部 ;添加有机物质明显降低了黑麦草地上、地下部的含铜量 ,平均降幅近 3 0 %。泥炭降低黑麦草地上、地下部含铜量的作用随土壤污染水平的提高而逐渐变小 ,而堆肥的作用至重度污染水平仍较明显 ;在近 4 0 0mg/kg铜污染水平上 ,有机物质表现出最佳降低植株铜吸收量的效果。有机物质的控制作用与土壤pH有关 ,并在 3茬黑麦草的试验期间内得以维持     

铜（Ⅱ）－二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠－乳化剂OP光度法测定土壤有效铜

本文研究了二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠（铜试剂）水相光度法测定微量铜（Ⅱ）的条件．在乳化剂ＯＰ（聚乙二醇辛基本基醚）存在的情况下．在ｐＨ８．５的缓冲介质中，铜（Ⅱ）与铜试剂形成棕黄色的配合物，显色体系在４５４ｎｍ处有最大吸收，其表观摩尔吸光系数为１．４３×１０４Ｌ／ｍｏｌ·ｃｍ，铜（Ⅱ）含量在０－６０μｇ／２５ｍｌ范围内服从比耳定律．该方法简便、快速，应用于土壤有效铜的测定，结果与原子吸收法基本一致．     

陕西省矿山地形地貌景观损毁现状及修复技术

为研究陕西省矿山地形地貌景观损毁现状,促进矿山生态环境保护,通过野外调查、资料收集和工程治理验证的方法,对陕西省矿山地形地貌景观损毁现状及治理技术进行分析,研究表明:陕西省矿山对地形地貌景观损毁方式主要有挖损和压占两种,损毁类型可从损毁目的、损毁时序、损毁地段、损毁程度4个方面进行分类,并提出损毁程度及治理难度分级指标。结合已开展的陕西省矿山地质环境修复工程实例,总结出露天采坑修复技术、露天采场修复技术、矿山地面建设工程压占修复技术、固体废弃物压占修复技术等矿山修复技术。以期对陕西省矿山地质环境恢复治理提供借鉴。     

面向煤矿井下作业场景的安全帽佩戴识别算法

为提高煤矿井下作业场景的工人安全帽佩戴识别准确度,提出一种人体姿态分析的安全帽佩戴识别算法和机器视觉系统优化方法。首先,选择单步多框目标检测(SSD)作为多目标识别的基础模型,利用网络压缩模型(SqueezeNet)削减改进模型参数,以形成高效的识别模型,在提高对工人安全帽的识别准确度的同时,维持识别准确度与计算速度之间的平衡;然后,引入多人姿态估计算法,定位每个工人的人体关节点,判断工人的复杂行为状态;最后,基于多目标识别与多人姿态估计的融合模型,提取目标人员的上肢关节点,结合其与安全帽包围框的空间拓扑结构关系,判定安全帽的佩戴情况,选取3 000条图像数据验证所提方法的有效性。结果表明:机器视觉系统优化方法能优化硬、软件配置,提高系统性能。该方法识别准确度达到91.1%,明显优于最新的安全帽佩戴识别算法,能够满足煤矿井下作业的工人安全帽佩戴识别准确度要求。