基于小波包分析的石油井架结构损伤识别试验研究

通过对井架相似模型损伤工况模拟,提取其在承载时的振动响应信号,利用小波包变换方法获得小波包节点能量,得到基于归一化能量特征向量的损伤评价指标。研究表明:该指标可用于井架结构损伤位置的准确识别;将小波包能量分析与振动测试技术相结合的研究方法,为石油井架的损伤识别提供了新思路。     

基于灰色BP网络的火灾事故预测

将BP网络模型与灰色系统预测方法相结合,利用人工神经网络对GM(1,1)模型进行残差修正,建立了火灾事故预测模型.该模型兼具灰色系统与BP网络的优点,不但能体现火灾复杂的灰色系统行为,又能根据每次学习误差的不同调整学习速率,加快收敛速度.与单一的GM(1,1)模型相比,该模型预测结果具有更高的精度.     

农村规模猪场提高母猪年繁殖率的综合技术

本文对如何提高规模养猪场母猪的年繁殖率进行认真的分析,并提出了一些切合实际的生产技术措施。     

Estimates of Natural Selection in a Salmon Population in Captive and Natural Environments

Abstract:  Captive breeding is a commonly used strategy for species conservation. One risk of captive breeding is domestication selection—selection for traits that are advantageous in captivity but deleterious in the wild. Domestication selection is of particular concern for species that are bred in captivity for many generations and that have a high potential to interbreed with wild populations. Domestication is understood conceptually at a broad level, but relatively little is known about how natural selection differs empirically between wild and captive environments. We used genetic parentage analysis to measure natural selection on time of migration, weight, and morphology for a coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ) population that was subdivided into captive and natural components. Our goal was to determine whether natural selection acting on the traits we measured differed significantly between the captive and natural environments. For males, larger individuals were favored in both the captive and natural environments in all years of the study, indicating that selection on these traits in captivity was similar to that in the wild. For females, selection on weight was significantly stronger in the natural environment than in the captive environment in 1 year and similar in the 2 environments in 2 other years. In both environments, there was evidence of selection for later time of return for both males and females. Selection on measured traits other than weight and run timing was relatively weak. Our results are a concrete example of how estimates of natural selection during captivity can be used to evaluate this common risk of captive breeding programs.     

应力波在预应力锚杆内传播特性分析与工程应用

针对煤矿锚杆支护的特点,首先从理论上研究应力波在托板处、锚固开始位置、锚固结束位置的反射和透射规律;然后模拟纵波在全长锚固锚杆内传播速度与树脂-围岩粘结刚度之间的关系;最后在锚杆支护实验室进行了预应力锚杆支护实测对比试验。研究结果表明,应力波反射法不仅可以检测锚杆的锚固位置和锚固长度,而且能由锚固体波速间接检测锚杆的锚固力大小。     

基于超声脉冲法的火灾损伤后混凝土裂纹深度检测

检测或诊断裂纹深度是火灾后混凝土结构受损综合评判的重要依据。开发一种专用的火灾后混凝土裂纹深度检测仪器,是一项填补国内该领域空白的重要研究课题。在研讨和分析超声脉冲法检测混凝土表面损伤裂纹深度的单面平测法、逐层穿透法和损伤层厚度判定3种测试方法的基础上,笔者设计开发了一种超声测试诊断仪,采用高精度计时电路、传感器驱动电路和自动增益电路,提高了仪器计时精度和抗干扰性。经对多组火灾损伤后的结构混凝土试件的测试,获取了6组共60个声时数据,用给出的方法进行了计算,得出的裂纹深度值与观察结果能较好地吻合。理论与实测表明,提出的裂纹检测方法和开发出的测试仪器具有实用性。     

供热管道波纹管补偿器裂纹泄漏的分析及对策

通过对热电厂直埋供热管道波纹管补偿器裂纹泄漏事故的调查分析,找出了问题所在,并提出了解决应力腐蚀问题可行的对策.     

某厂办公楼裂缝原因分析及安全监测

对某厂办公楼裂缝产生的原因进行了分析 ,并对其沉降情况和墙体裂缝发展情况进行了监测 ,指出了某办公楼现状及其隐患发展的趋势     

氧化铝厂蒸发器发生应力腐蚀的原因分析与防治

对氧化铝厂蒸发器发生应力腐蚀的危害性作了介绍 ,描述了应力腐蚀裂纹的特征 ;对应力腐蚀产生的原因进行了分析 ,并提出了防治措施     

楔形障碍物与火焰的作用

采用多镜头Cranz ＆ Schardin高速摄影机,对卧式燃烧方管内楔形障碍物与CH4/空气预混火焰的相互作用进行了实验研究,获得了高清淅度的障碍物诱导火焰失稳的分幅时序照片.基于RANS方法,对上述复杂物理现象进行了数值模拟.计算结果与实验结果基本相符,反映了火焰在管内传播与变形的详细过程,得到了楔形障碍物所导致的火焰加速与变形的内在机理,揭示了火焰传播过程中由层流燃烧向湍流燃烧转捩的本质.