Landsenses pattern design to mitigate gale conditions in the coastal city – a case study of Pingtan,China

ABSTRACT

Due to the special geographic locations and multiple typhoons a year, the frequent strong winds bring great discomfort and danger to the daily lives of the urban residents in southeast coast of China. The strategic design of landsenses pattern on different scales can help reduce gale days in urban areas while delivering diverse additional benefits such as pollution control and biodiversity habitat protection. Although the greatest gale days are observed in cold and damp winters, there is comparatively little information available for land managers to determine an appropriate strategy for landsenses pattern design under these climatic conditions. We present a framework for prioritization and selection of landsenses pattern for gale day reductions. The framework is supported by examining the relationships between urban landsenses pattern evolution and gale day mitigation in the past, with which we used to develop implementation guidelines that maximize reductions of urban surface gale days. We focus particularly on quantifying the benefits of four types of landsenses: land-use patterns, urban road network, architectural patterns, and vertical greening systems (green walls and facades) and demonstrate how to apply the framework with a case study from Pingtan Island, China.     

基于SP12汽车安全胎压监测系统设计与实现

为了降低胎压监测系统的功耗和优化胎压监测系统的显示方式,设计了一种基于SP12传感器的安全胎压监测系统方案。从硬件和软件两方面描述了系统的设计实现方法。在硬件设计上,采用车载电源和充电电池两种方式对主机进行供电,同时,系统应用SP12多功能传感器降低功耗。在软件设计上,着重介绍了轮胎采集模块和中央显示模块的设计。为进一步优化系统的显示方式,中央显示模块采用带触摸屏的LCD显示器作为人机交互接口。实际测试结果表明,该系统可实时监测每个轮胎内部的实际温度、压力和电压,确定故障轮胎并实时报警,有效避免爆胎事故的发生。另外,系统在安全性、低功耗以及可靠性方面具有一定的优势,这也符合智能车辆研究的发展趋势。     

废手机面板焚烧产物研究

以废手机面板为试验材料,利用热重分析仪(TGA)研究热处理失重特征,同时利用气相色谱仪-质谱仪联用(GC-MS)对管式炉试验系统焚烧产物进行分析. 结果表明:废手机面板焚烧失重温度为128.3～558.1 ℃,最大失重温度为357.4 ℃;焚烧废手机面板导致面板组成材料液晶、偏光片和取向剂等发生化学反应,焚烧产物除CO₂外,还含有醛、酮、联苯酚、苯胺等芳香族化合物和少量的苯并吡喃、萘、菲、吡啶等多环芳烃(PAHs). 由于焚烧产物中绝大多数是有毒有害物质,部分可致癌,故废手机面板不宜焚烧处理,如与其他固体废物混合焚烧,必须采取相应的污染控制措施.      

咸水浸泡对珠江口滩涂围垦土壤重金属的去除效果

利用浸泡离心的方法,通过室内模拟实验,研究了浸泡时间、NaCl溶液浓度对土壤中6种重金属去除效果的影响,同时测定了NaCl浸泡前后土壤中重金属的形态变化.结果表明,浸泡时间为60d时达到最大去除率,分别为Cd30.3%、Zn22.0%、Pb9.4%、Cu8.0%、Cr12.6%、Ni9.9%;NaCl浓度为16 g/L时达到最大去除率,分别为Cd41.9%、Zn19.9%、Pb9.3%、Cu6.3%、Cr14.8%、Ni16.8%.重金属形态分析显示,NaCl浸泡能有效去除交换态、碳酸盐结合态和氧化物结合态的重金属,而对有机态和残渣态的重金属作用效果不明显.     

企业“在建工程“会计核算电算化的探讨

企业“在建工程”会计电算化软件设计构想是利用计算机技术完善传统会计的核算形式,核算内容为项目会计期间成本和项目期间成本,该设计构想形成的软件能够有效地发挥出会计核算在经济上管理项目的作用。     

STREAM MEANDER RESTORATION1

ABSTRACT: Stream meander restoration designs currently used by many state and local government agencies are often based on empirical equations, such as those developed by Leopold and Wolman (1957; 1960). In order to assess the suitability of these equations and propose alternative strategies, 18 sites in Central Maryland were selected and data on channel planform, cross-sections, sediments, and spacing and sizing of the pools and riffles were collected and analyzed to characterize the channel type in the study area. A large bias was found comparing the meander parameters measured to those computed using the Leopold and Wolman equations for the streams in central Maryland. Based on these results, appropriate empirical equations for the study area that can assist in stream restoration designs were investigated. An additional approach that can assist in stream restoration consists of the application of a detailed stream reconnaissance to verify that the restoration project is consistent with the natural form and processes of the river.     

推制大口径弯头设计与制造工艺的研究

主要介绍了90°推制大口径弯头设计及成形的工艺过程、变形特点,分析了推制大口径弯头成形过程中金属的流动规律以及弯头内外弧壁厚与设计强度的关系。     

妙法冲压外封头

巧妙利用压制标准椭圆封头模具来成形外封头,以节约专用模具费用,提高经济效益。     

畜禽粪便有机肥中Cu、Zn在不同农田土壤中的形态归趋和有效性动态变化

通过土壤培养试验,研究了不同畜禽粪便有机肥中重金属Cu、Zn在不同农田土壤中的形态归趋和有效性动态变化过程,为合理确定由畜禽粪便有机肥带入农田土壤的重金属负荷,科学评价畜禽粪便有机肥中重金属进入土壤后的生态风险提供理论依据.结果表明,土壤中施用畜禽粪便有机肥后,酸性土壤p H值升高,而石灰性土壤p H值降低.施用鸡粪后6个月内,有效态Cu含量在2种土壤中显著低于等量Cu无机盐处理,而有效态Zn含量则与等量Zn无机盐处理无显著差异;施用猪粪后6个月内,有效态Cu和Zn含量在2种土壤中均与等量Cu和Zn无机盐处理无显著差异.形态归趋研究表明,通过畜禽粪便有机肥进入土壤中的Cu和Zn在土壤中主要以交换态、碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态以及有机结合态的形式存在,且畜禽粪便有机肥的来源不同,各形态Cu和Zn在不同土壤中所占比例不同.土壤中施用畜禽粪便有机肥6个月时,Cu和Zn交换态以及铁锰氧化物结合态所占比例低于等量Cu和Zn无机盐处理,而有机结合态所占比例高于等量Cu和Zn无机盐处理,其它形态与无机盐处理无显著差异.     

滇池柱状沉积物磷形态垂向变化及对释放的贡献

选取了滇池外海北部、中部和南部柱状沉积物样品,结合上覆水磷和柱状沉积物有机质数据,研究了有机质(OM)及粒径组成对沉积物释放的影响,并探讨了不同形态磷对沉积物释放的影响及贡献.结果表明:1沉积物间隙水ρ(DTP)和ρ(SRP)均与OM、沉积物黏土(4.00μm)和粉砂粒(4.00~63.00μm)含量呈显著负相关,但与砂砾(63.00μm)含量呈显著正相关,表明沉积物有机质含量的增加显著降低了其间隙水中磷的质量浓度,且黏土和粉砂粒含量的增加也会降低间隙水磷的质量浓度,抑制了沉积物磷的释放.2滇池沉积物潜在可移动磷(BD-P和NaOH-nrp)与黏粒和粉砂砾均呈显著正相关,与砂砾呈显著负相关,表明黏粒和粉砂砾可能对沉积物磷的移动能力提升,砂砾可能对沉积物磷的滞留能力提升.3在较短时间尺度内,外海北部沉积物磷以释放为主,中部和南部以滞留为主;在较长时间尺度内,外海北部和中部沉积物磷以释放为主,南部的以滞留为主.控制滇池沉积物磷释放需要考虑不同磷形态特征及有机质和粒径的影响,采取相应措施以主要控制滇池北部沉积物磷的释放.