空气微生物研究方法进展与展望

着重论述了空气微生物气溶胶的研究方法，主要有培养基法和非培养基法。培养基法是传统的微生物研究方法，需要花费大量的时间和劳动力，只能够检测活的能够在培养基上生长的微生物，可以大致反映空气中的微生物气溶胶。非培养基法，主要是PCR法，具有敏感性高、快速、特异性强等特点，能够检测出环境样品中绝大多数的微生物，是一种微生物气溶胶检测的有效途径。最后指出实时持续的监测是将来空气微生物研究的努力方向和发展趋势。     

提高LIFAC法脱硫效率的工程实例

针对LIFAC法脱硫效率低的问题，从吸收剂的涡流循环喷钙装置、增强吸收剂的活性、抑制脱硫产物硫酸钙的高温分解等几个方面进行了剖析，并自制LIFAC法廉价喷钙剂，在佛山华丰纸业有限公司进行中试，取得了脱硫率平均90％以上的效果，最后，作者对该技术的优越性进行了评估。     

Forests in the time of peace

ABSTRACT

The signing of Colombia’s peace agreement in 2016 signaled the end of a decades-long war between the government and the FARC (Las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia), but also an emerging assault against the country’s forests. This article aims to understand the interactions between forests and peace. In doing so, it traces landscape transformations of deforestation and possibilities for making landscapes livable in the midst of disturbance. Drawing on field research, including interviews and participant observation carried out in Colombia from 2016 to 2018, it reveals how deforestation is driven by ongoing colonization and land grabbing, mostly dedicated to extensive cattle ranching, coca cultivation, and campesinos’ transition to ‘licit’ agricultural alternatives. The article also shows how emerging coordination among farmers and forests following forest disturbance contributes to an interpretation of peace in which forests are integral. The article concludes with a call to incorporate forests in the construction of peace.     

Empirical Bayes calculations of concordance between endpoints in environmental toxicity experiments

Hierarchical models are considered for estimating the probability of agreement between two outcomes or endpoints from an environmental toxicity experiment. Emphasis is placed on generalized regression models, under which the prior mean is related to a linear combination of explanatory variables via a monotone function. This function defines the scale over which the systematic effects are modelled as additive. Specific illustration is provided for the logistic link function. The hierarchical model employs a conjugate beta prior that leads to parametric empirical Bayes estimators of the individual agreement parameters. An example from environmental carcinogenesis illustrates the methods, with motivation derived from estimation of the concordance between two species carcinogenicity outcomes. Based on a large database of carcinogenicity studies, the inter-species concordance is seen to be reasonably informative, i.e. in the range 67–84%. Stratification into pertinent potency-related sub-groups via the logistic model is seen to improve concordance estimation: for environmental stimuli at the extremes of the potency spectrum, concordance can reach well above 90%.     

Chloroacetic acids in environmental processes

The fate of chloroacetic acids (CAA) in forest soils was studied using radio-indicator methods. We showed that chloroacetic acids are both microbially degraded and simultaneously formed by chloroperoxidase-mediated chlorination of acetic and humic acids. The degree of biodegradation of chloroacetic acids in soil depends on their concentration. Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is degraded faster than trichloroacetic acid (TCA). Chlorination of acetic acid led to a fast formation of dichloroacetic acid, whereas chlorination of humic acids gave rise to trichloroacetic acid. Both processes lead to a steady state in soil, participate in the chlorine cycle and possibly also in decomposition of organic matter in forest ecosystems.     

室内空气品质评价

文章介绍了室内空气品质的由来,并介绍了室内空气品质的定义,归纳了部分室内空气品质的影响因素和评价方法,提出了一些相关的改善措施.     

污水土地处理水旱轮作条件下碳素在土层中迁移特征的模拟实验

为了解污水土地处理过程 中不同土壤类型土壤溶液Ｐ含量和迁移特征，在一种特殊２的大型人工模拟土层和地下水实验装置中进行试验。研究结果表明：水田条件下１．５ｍ～０．５ｍ土壤溶液Ｐ含量极低（≤０．０２ｍｇ／Ｌ），但在旱地条件下，Ｐ含量上升至０．０４５ｍｇ／Ｌ～０．６２８ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｐ素随入渗污水向下迁移距离可达１．１ｍ。在低水力负荷率和较长停留时间的运行条件下，１．３ｍ以下土壤溶液和地下水的Ｐ含量处于安全     

疲劳损伤等效在随机振动试验中的应用

以疲劳损伤等价为基础的随机振动试验是评价结构振动环境适应性能力的重要手段.将基于位移模态和应变模态的模态叠加方法分别应用于结构振动位移响应和应力响应的分析中,建立了随机振动试验不同激励条件下,结构振动响应的关系;将结构随机振动应力响应的峰值概率分布通用关系应用于疲劳损伤评估,导出了振动疲劳损伤等效关系.以一个试验为例介绍了疲劳损伤等效原则在随机振动试验中的应用.     

文山州畜禽养殖业污染现状调查研究

对文山州2002年畜禽养殖业污染现状进行了调查,针对畜禽养殖污染存在的问题,提出了畜禽养殖污染防治的对策措施和建议.     

底泥耗氧速率的测定方法比较

在对实验室法和现场法测定底泥耗氧速度（SOD）的步骤和操作参数综述中，对于实验室测定法。从底泥采样，测定容器，实验底泥厚度，上覆水，测定培养条件，溶解氧测定方法，溶解氧测定时间和测定间隔，空白样的测定以及SOD的计算等方面作了介绍；对于现场测定法，从测定容器，测定水力条件，溶解氧测定方法，空白水样的测定，溶解氧测定时间和测定间隔，SOD的计算方法等方面作了介绍，最后在原理，技术和费用上对以上2种方法加以比较。