餐饮废物制取燃料乙醇发酵条件研究

通过单因素试验选取试验因子,并根据Box-Benhnken的中心组合试验设计原理,在单因素试验基础上采用四因素三水平响应面分析法,以乙醇含量为响应值,对发酵条件进行优化.结果表明,发酵温度、发酵时间、初始pH和接种量与乙醇含量存在显著相关性.最佳发酵条件为发酵温度33.8℃、发酵时间101.5h、初始pH=4.6、接种量16.6%.通过实验室小试,在最优发酵条件下,乙醇含量可达到6.93%,乙醇发酵效果较好.还原糖利用率达到88.7%,每吨干物质原料可产192.8L乙醇.     

γ-聚谷氨酸絮凝剂培养条件及处理啤酒废水研究

利用均匀设计安排试验,用曲线回归分析创建数学模型的方法研究了枯草芽孢杆菌产γ-聚谷氨酸絮凝剂培养条件,结果表明:其最佳培养条件是蔗糖添加量2.2%、酵母膏添加量0.6%、谷氨酸钠4.5%、pH7、温度33℃、摇床转速215r/min。创建了6因素之间的数学模型:Y=(-9.4X12+42.1X1-71.3X22+89.0X2-3.6X32+32.7X3-9.9X42+139.9X4-0.44X52+29.2X5-0.0016X62+0.69X6-793.3)/6。同时利用γ-聚谷氨酸絮凝剂对啤酒废水进行COD去除试验,结果显示:pH值在7.8、100mL废水中絮凝剂的添加量为3mL和1%CaCl2用量为1.9mL时,COD去除效果最佳,并建立了相应的数学模型,在最佳工艺条件下的COD去除率可达66%。     

Effects of culture conditions on ligninolytic enzymes and protease production by Phanerochaete chrysosporium in air

The production of ligninolytic enzymes and protease by Phanerochaete chrysosporium was investigated under different culture conditions. Different amounts of medium were employed in free and immobilized culture, together with two kinds of medium with different C/N ratios. Little lignin peroxidase （LIP） （〈 2 U/L） was detected in free culture with nitrogen-limited medium （C/N ratio： 56/2.2, in mmol/L）, while manganese peroxidase （MnP） maximum activity was 231 and 240 U/L in 50 and 100 ml medium culture, respectively. Immobilized culture with 50 ml nitrogen-limited medium gave the highest MnP and LiP production with the maximum values of 410 and 721 U/L separately on the day 5; however, flasks containing 100 ml nitrogen-limited medium only produced less MnP with a peak value of 290 U/L. Comparatively, carbon-limited medium （C/N ratio： 28/44, in mmol/L） was adopted in culture but produced little MnP and LiE Medium type had the greatest impact on protease production. Large amount of protease was produced due to glucose limitation. Culture type and medium volume influence protease activity corporately by affecting oxygen supply. The results implied shallow immobilized culture was a possible way to gain high production of ligninolytic enzymes.     

徐州大气PM10污染特征研究

通过分析徐州市近几年的大气PM10监测数据和气象条件,研究了大气PM10质量浓度的时间变化规律及气象因素的影响,结果表明:PM10质量浓度年变化呈"冬重夏轻"的规律;在大气污染源数量和污染物排放量相对稳定的情况下,风和降水是影响大气颗粒物污染程度的主要气象因子,PM10浓度随温度的升高而降低,随气压的增强而减少。     

硅酸聚合过程中粘度变化的研究

在制备聚硅酸盐类混凝剂的过程中,聚硅酸的粘度是影响聚硅酸盐类混凝剂混凝效能的重要因素。以水玻璃为原料,硫酸、盐酸为酸化剂,采用酸性条件下制备聚硅酸的方法,研究pH值、二氧化硅浓度、温度、不同酸化剂等因素对硅酸聚合过程中粘度变化的影响,结果表明：粘度达到0.006 Pa.S前变化缓慢,粘度达到0.009 Pa.S后变化迅速,0.020 Pa.S以后在极短的时间内粘度急剧增大而胶凝;通过混凝搅拌实验确定制备聚硅酸铝混凝剂时聚硅酸粘度的最佳值,以此最佳值作为控制聚硅酸最佳聚合程度的指标。     

Phosphorus accumulation by bacteria isolated from a ontinuous-flow two-sludge system

In this article, polyphosphate-accumulating organisms （PAOs） from a lab-scale continuous-flow two-sludge system was isolated and identified, the different phosphorus accumulation characteristics of the isolates under anoxic and aerobic conditions were investigated. Two kinds of PAOs were both found in the anoxic zones of the two-sludge system, one of them utilized only oxygen as electron aeceptor, and the other one utilized either nitrate or oxygen as electron aeceptor. Of the total eight isolates, five isolates were capable of utilizing both nitrate and oxygen as electron acceptors to uptake phosphorus to some extent. And three of the five isolates showed good phosphorus accumulative capacities both under anoxic or aerobic conditions, two identified as Alcaligenes and one identified as Pseudomonas. Streptococcus was observed weak anoxic phosphorus accumulation because of its weak denitrification capacity, but it showed good phosphorus accumulation capacity under aerobic conditions. One isolates identified as Enterobacteriaceae was proved to be a special species of PAOs, which could only uptake small amounts of phosphorus under anoxic conditions, although its denitrification capacity and aerobic phosphorus accumulation capacity were excellent.     

某型飞机实验室高温试验条件剪裁方法研究

针对整机级飞机实验室高温验证试验,更真实地模拟飞机地面高温环境条件。通过对GJA150A、MIL-STD-810G及RTCA/DO-160G等国内外最新气候试验标准进行分析,确定某型飞机实验室高温试验程序。以此试验程序为基础,根据飞机温度适应性要求,借鉴民用飞机运行环境包线以及国外飞机实验室温度试验的经验,经过分析与剪裁处理,得到了某型飞机实验室高温试验条件。形成了飞机实验室高温试验条件剪裁方法,研究成果可为整机级飞机实验室高温试验设计提供参考。     

含铜污泥处置利用企业环保准入条件研究

介绍了当前含铜污泥处置利用的主要方法及处理过程存在的环境问题。以江苏省为例,对含铜污泥处置利用企业环保准入条件的初步研究成果进行了讨论,为政府及相关部门制定政策提供依据。     

江苏如东滩涂环境中细菌总数和大肠菌群分布特征及污染评价

按照<海洋监测规范>相关方法要求,分别于2010年3月、5月对江苏如东滩涂文蛤产地环境中大肠菌群和细菌总数以及各环境因子进行调查检测,分析研究该环境中细菌总数和大肠菌群的分布特征、污染程度以及与各环境因子的相关性,并用单因子污染指数法评价其受大肠菌群污染状况.结果表明,表层海水细菌总数范围10～4.8×104/mL,平...     

可靠性工程中自然环境条件量化分析数据库构想

在可靠性工程应用中,基于失效物理的分析过程需要引入自然环境数据进行仿真计算.首先对比分析了现有自然环境数据库,明确了新开发的数据库的需求与特点;然后提出了在自然环境条件量化分析数据库研发过程中的关键技术;最后,通过一个应用算例演示数据库的运行过程.该数据库目前已具备一定的通用分析能力和工程应用价值.