以河北平山为例谈革命圣地生态经济的拓展与繁荣

鉴于河北平山丰富的生态资源和"西柏坡"精神的社会影响,以太行山原生态资源为依托,西柏坡革命圣地旅游为龙头,县辖景致和文化遗址为基础,努力打造文化产业精品,促进区域经济稳步发展,倡导"文化兴县"并突出旅游经济地位,开拓县辖区"红色承载和谐自然"的人文生态环境,倡导创建红色文化与绿色生态"互融与双赢"的时代策略。     

甲醛清除剂净化效果的实验舱测试和分析

为了对市售被动式室内空气净化产品的净化效果有深刻具体的认识,选择销售份额较大的4种甲醛清除剂进行实验舱测试。结果表明:(1)甲醛清除剂对甲醛的净化过程均随时间呈对数衰减,可见甲醛浓度越高,甲醛清除剂对甲醛的净化速率越快。(2)不同的甲醛清除剂的净化速率都有一定差异,即使24h净化率均在90%以上的甲醛清除剂,净化速率也不同,净化率达到90%以上所需要的实际时间可相差数倍。(3)《室内空气净化功能涂覆材料净化性能》(JCT 1074—2008)中对甲醛清除剂根据其对污染物24h的净化率进行了分级,消费者可据此对净化产品的优劣有初步判断。而净化速率和饱和净化量则可在消费者购买甲醛清除剂时起到更具体和明确的指导作用,并可在消费者具体使用时,根据饱和净化量,对甲醛清除剂用量和甲醛清除剂持续作用时间有初步的判断。     

中国建筑遗产保护与可持续发展研究

建筑遗产是世界文化遗产的重要组成部分,具有不可复制的科技和文化艺术价值。本文从中国建筑遗产的利用、开发和保护现状中发现其存在着自然威胁、人为破坏、政府制度疏漏及民众保护意识淡薄等问题。在世界遗产保护理念、科学监管、法律法规、民众参与等方面提出相应的建议和措施,以推进世界遗产的保护与可持续发展。     

Cytotoxicity assessment of four pharmaceutical compounds on the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) haemocytes, gill and digestive gland primary cell cultures

Pharmaceutical compounds are considered the new environmental pollutants but at present few studies have evaluated their ecotoxicity on aquatic invertebrates. This study was aimed to investigate the in vitro cytotoxicity of four common drugs, namely atenolol (ATL), carbamazepine (CBZ), diclofenac (DCF) and gemfibrozil (GEM), on three different cell typologies from the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha): haemocytes, gill and digestive gland cells. Results obtained by the Trypan blue exclusion test revealed that exposure to increasing concentrations (0.001; 0.01; 0.1; 1 and 10 mg L⁻¹) of CBZ, DCF and GEM were able to significantly decrease the viability of each cell type, while the MTT (3(4,5-dimethyl-2thiazholyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) reduction assay highlighted only a slight reduction of mitochondrial activity of gill and digestive gland cells. Overall, DCF was the most cytotoxic drug for zebra mussel cells, followed by GEM, CBZ, while ATL has not a noteworthy toxic potential. Our preliminary results lay the groundwork for further in vitro evaluations, which will allow a better definition of the potential toxicity of these drugs.     

基因工程菌厌氧膜生物反应器中膜污染的研究

应用基因工程菌Escherichia coli JM109与厌氧管式膜生物反应器结合,处理模拟染料废水。利用膜截留防止Escherichia coli JM109流失,厌氧膜生物反应器中Escherichia coli JM109可以达到20 g/L左右。在高菌体浓度下,测定了管式膜截留高浓度基因工程菌的临界通量,描述了在低于和高于临界通量条件下透膜压力(TMP)变化情况。考察了错流速度对膜污染的影响。分析了基因工程菌的胞外聚合物(EPS)代谢特性,试验结果为特殊菌与膜过程结合提供了膜污染控制的借鉴。     

Estimating the Microbial Risk of E. coli in Reclaimed Wastewater Irrigation on Paddy Field

Microbial risk was quantified to assess human health risk as a result of exposure to E. coli in reclaimed wastewater irrigation. Monitoring data on E. coli were collected from pond water in paddy rice plots during the growing season. Five treatments were used and each was triplicated to evaluate the changes in E. coli concentrations in experiments performed in 2003 and 2004. The Beta-Poisson model was used to estimate the microbial risk of pathogen ingestion among farmers and neighboring children. A Monte Carlo simulation (10,000 trials) was conducted to estimate the risk associated with uncertainty. In this study, risk values ranged from 10⁻⁴ to 10⁻⁸. UV-disinfected irrigation water showed a lower risk value than others, and its level was within the range of the actual paddy rice field with surface water. Agricultural activity was thought to be safer after 1–2 days, when the paddy field was irrigated with reclaimed wastewater. Also, children were found to have a greater risk of infection with E. coli. This paper should be viewed as a first step in the application of quantitative microbial risk assessment of wastewater reuse in paddy rice culture.     

麻黄愈伤组织细胞的悬浮培养

用中麻黄幼苗的３种外植体进行了离体培养。不同外植体诱导愈伤组织的结果表明：最佳培养基为ＭＳ＋２ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ＋１ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ;最佳外植体为下胚轴;用源于下胚轴的愈伤组织进行悬浮培养,从第３代开始建立起稳定的悬浮系。愈伤组织、悬浮培养细胞及培养液中都含有麻黄碱,悬浮培养液中的麻黄碱含量高于愈伤组织和悬浮培养细胞。表２参１２     

植物细胞代谢产物的诱导释放

植物细胞培养是植物有用代谢物质的潜在来源.目前植物细胞培养难以工业放大的一个关键问题是生产成本过高.虽然可通过固定化方法实现植物细胞的连续使用,减少由于接种量过高而产生的附加成本,缩短培养周期,但由于许多代谢产物储存于液泡里,释放量很少或根本不释放,限制了固定化技术在工业上的应用,同时也增加了后期产物分离的操作,因此很多研究者在致力于研究如何诱导细胞次级代谢产物的释放.本文将从以下4个方面的研究进展做一评述.1　培养条件的调控1.1　ｐＨ值改变培养基的酸度对代谢物的分泌很重要.研究表明,一些次级代谢物是与Ｈ 通过…     

滚筒筛筛分生活垃圾的理论研究

滚筒筛是生活垃圾分选中常用的工具,但筛分理论目前还不够清楚,导致滚筒筛的设计多依靠经验进行。从生活垃圾在滚筒筛内的受力分析着手,考虑了物料与滚筒筛筛壁间的摩擦力,其为一有限值,推导出物料的提升角与滚筒筛转速的关系,且物料提升角的大小取决于物料静摩擦角的大小;认为无论滚筒筛的转速多大,物料的最大提升角都是固定不变的。经过一系列分析得出与已有的垃圾滚筒筛理论不同的结论：滚筒筛是否存在临界转速,取决于被筛分的物料：物料的静摩擦角≥90°,滚筒筛存在临界转速;否则,滚筒筛不存在临界转速。这一结论对滚筒筛的设计具有理论上的指导意义。     

甘薯细胞悬浮培养的建立及其生长研究

由甘薯叶片诱导出愈伤组织,并由此建立起悬浮培养细胞系．分析其生长表明：南薯８８和８１２９４两种细胞系生长曲线均呈“Ｓ”型,其中南薯８８生长较快,是８１２９４的３倍以上,１０ｄ培养物的鲜重是初始鲜重的１０倍．培养条件研究结果表明：南薯８８细胞悬浮培养的最佳２,４Ｄ质量浓度为１．０ｍｇＬ－１,最佳蔗糖质量浓度为３０ｇＬ－１,椰乳和酵母汁能明显促进其生长;对于８１２９４,２,４Ｄ最佳质量浓度为２．５ｍｇＬ－１、蔗糖最佳质量浓度１５ｇＬ－１,酵母汁可促进其生长,但椰乳却无效;谷氨酰胺、色氨酸和脯氨酸不能促进甘薯悬浮细胞的生长,水解酪蛋白对其生长的促进作用亦不大;葡萄糖则抑制其生长