微生物在苏州河生态系统中的地位及作用

苏州河是上海的母亲河 ,但近年来随着上海经济的发展 ,苏州河的污染越来越严重。这不仅损害了上海市民的生活质量和身体健康 ,而且与上海国际大都市的形象格格不入。 2 0世纪 80年代 ,上海市政府开始治理苏州河 ,但从未从生态学的角度治理过苏州河。微生物作为生态系统重要组成部分———分解者 ,对维持苏州河生态系统的平衡起着极其重要的作用。微生物不仅能降解苏州河水体和底泥中的有机物 ,而且可作为水体污染程度及受污后治理恢复状况的指示指标。本文主要选取有代表性的指示微生物 ,通过对苏州河上海市区段 8个采样段面处底泥 (主要是表层底泥 )中微生物指标的定量测试及代表性河段的耗氧速率测定 ,来了解目前苏州河的污染状况及微生物在整个生态系统中的地位和作用 ,从而为苏州河的综合治理提供依据。     

Negotiating energy democracy in practice: governance processes in community energy projects

There is a growing ‘energy democracy’ (ED) movement which regards the transition to renewable energy as an opportunity for socio-economic transformation, as well as technological innovation. The literature on ED tends to associate greater democratic control of energy systems with increased community control over the means of energy generation and distribution. Nonetheless, this literature often assumes rather than demonstrates that the forms of governance it promotes are more democratic than the status quo. This analysis contributes to the emerging field of ED by assessing the complex and varied ways in which communities in Scotland practise energy governance. By focusing on three key governance processes (decision-making, accountability and dispute resolution), the importance of local contexts for the establishment and negotiation of democratic practices is demonstrated. This local specificity, however, also raises further questions regarding the universal applicability of the ED concept.     

Indicators for sustainable energy development in Mexico

This article presents a summary of a study on the application to the Mexican energy sector of a core set of indicators for sustainable energy development (ISED), developed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). The study focused on the elaboration of socio‐economic and environmental indicators related to energy production and use, and was aimed at assessing Mexico's existing energy policies and identifying strategies and possible policies that could bring about improvements in major priority areas: energy intensity, atmospheric emissions, energy import dependency and use of renewables. While positive trends have been observed in relation to energy intensity and atmospheric emissions, Mexico is becoming more dependent on imports of gasoline, natural gas and other high‐value secondary energy sources, while exporting significant amounts of primary fuels, such as crude oil. Also, no significant increase has been observed in the use of renewable sources of energy. Social, economic and environmental policies need to be formulated for the energy sector and related investments (public and private) reinforced so that all economic sectors have access to energy from cleaner and more diverse sources.     

低温试验系统中露点温度控制的节能技术

本文通过对低温系统露点温度控制技术的分析,指出该控制模式存在的不足,提出采用露点模式和时间程序模式相结合的露点节能控制模式对空气的干燥度和使用工况进行监控,从而实现对低湿度干燥空气的露点温度的智能监控.同时对两种控制模式耗能进行比较,指出露点节能控制模式明显优于单纯的时间程序控制模式,为低温系统露点控制提供了新的测控手段.     

密封消解法测定高氯化物废水的化学需氧量

开发出测定高氯化物废水COD的密封消解法，该法可排除高浓度氯离子的干扰。通过丁酮氧化率、氯离子干扰、混配水样和实际水样的测定，对密封消解法和重铬酸钾法进行了验证。试验结果表明：在测定高氯离子废水的COD时，密封消解法优于重铬酸钾法，能够真实、准确地测定废水的COD。     

武汉城市圈节能建筑的处理方法及利用

从武汉城市图建筑节能的重要性及武汉市建筑节能的现状入手,指出为达到建筑节能50％的标准,武汉节能建筑处理方法应从建筑设计、建筑施工、节能技术开发应用及建筑节能管理等多方面下功夫．图8,参7．     

A framework to minimise total energy consumption and total tardiness on a single machine

A great amount of energy is wasted in industry by machines that remain idle due to underutilisation. A way to avoid wasting energy and thus reducing the carbon print of an industrial plant is to consider minimisation of energy consumption objective while making scheduling decisions. To minimise energy consumption, the decision maker has to decide the timing and length of turn off/turn on operation (a setup) and also provide a sequence of jobs that minimises the scheduling objective, assuming that all jobs are not available at the same time. In this paper, a framework to solve a multiobjective optimisation problem that minimises total energy consumption and total tardiness is proposed. Since total tardiness problem with release dates is an NP‐hard problem, a new greedy randomised multiobjective adaptive search metaheuristic is utilised to obtain an approximate pareto front (i.e. an approximate set of non‐dominated solutions). Analytical Hierarchy Process is utilised to determine the ‘best’ alternative among the solutions on the pareto front. The proposed framework is illustrated in a case study. It is shown that a wide variety of dispersed solutions can be obtained via the proposed framework, and as total tardiness decreases, total energy consumption increases.     

河流及渔塘底质耗氧变化研究

底质耗氧是影响水体溶解氧含量的重要因素。通过对河流及渔塘的底质耗氧进行测定分析，相应得出了影响底质耗氧量变化的主要因素。     

我国工业企业安全科技需求问题的探讨

安全生产是一个庞大的系统工程，安全科学研究工作是这个庞大系统工程中的重要链条之一。安全科学研究工作的深度和广度对安全生产具有重大促进作用。围绕我国安全生产面临的实际问题，搞好重大安全科学研究课题的论证和列项，是争取快出成果和培养有用人才的一个不可忽视的问题．     

基于案例推理的我国石油企业海外突发事件应急物资需求预测

随着我国石油企业海外业务不断发展,海外突发事件频发,对我国石油企业应急管理提出了更高的要求,作为应急管理重要组成部分的应急物资需求管理也成为关注的重点.但是海外环境的复杂性、不确定性等使得企业很难预测应急物资需求,为此将案例推理引入到石油企业海外突发事件应急物资需求预测中,通过建立案例库,以在发生新的突发事件时,检索案例库中与目标案例相匹配的案例,并依据匹配案例的结论,进行新案例的物资需求预测.