环状糊精在生物法处理废水中的应用

用生物法进行污水的处理，因其环保高效的优点而被广泛应用。但是，废水中的毒性超过一定浓度，生物淤泥的脱毒能力会受到不可恢复的损害。概述了环状糊精的结构、性质以及国内外的研究进展；将环状糊精应用于生物法废水处理，以其特有的结构特点可解决上述问题。     

Simultaneous elution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals from contaminated soil by two amino acids derived from β-cyclodextrins

Two highly water-soluble amino acids,which derived from β-CDs,i.e.,glutamic acid-β-cyclodextrin (GluCD) and ethylene-diamineβ-cyclodextrin (EDCD),were synthesized and were examined for their effect on solubilization of anthracene (ANT),complexation of cadmium (Cd2+),and elution removal of ANT and Cd2+ in soil.The results showed that GluCD and EDCD were powerful complexant for ANT and Cd2+.In the presence of 10 g/L GluCD and EDCD,the solubilization of ANT increased by 47.04 and 23.85 times compared to the control,respectively.GluCD resulted in approximately 90% complexation of Cd2+ while 70% complexation was observed for EDCD.Simultaneously,GluCD and EDCD could greatly enhance the elution removal of ANT and Cd 2+ from soil.GluCD resulted in the highest elution efficiency of ANT and Cd2+.With the addition of 10 g/L GluCD,53.5% of ANT and 85.6% of Cd2+ were eluted,respectively.The ANT had a negligible effect on the Cd2+ removal due to different complexing sites of ANT and Cd2+,while Cd2+ enhanced the ANT removal under the addition of GluCD because Cd2+ neutralized the-COOH group of GluCD.Adversely,the removal of ANT was decreased with Cd2+ under the addition of EDCD,this was due to the fact that Cd2+ enhanced the polarity of EDCD molecule and inhibited the complexation between ANT and EDCD.The study suggested that GluCD could be preferred and be successfully applied to remediation of heavy metals or organic compounds in contaminated soil.     

聚酰胺胺-环糊精共聚物对水中2，4-二氯酚的吸附

采用新型聚酰胺胺一环糊精共聚物（PAMAM—CD）静态吸附模拟废水中的2,4-二氯酚（DCP）。通过单因素和正交实验,研究了吸附时间、pH值、PAMAM—CD投加量（W）、溶液体积（V）、吸附温度（T）、溶液初始浓度（C0）等因素对吸附的影响,初步探讨了PAMAM—CD对DCP的吸附机理。实验结果表明：吸附条件对吸附容量（qe）的影响顺序为：C0〉W〉V〉T。最佳吸附条件：Co=150mg／L,W=25mg,V=75mL,T=15℃。在此条件下的qe平均值达105．6mg／g,说明PAM-AM—CD对DCP吸附能力强,吸附机理主要是因PAMAM-CD对DCP的包合、氢键等作用。     

环糊精多孔聚合物对水中染料分子的吸附性能及主客效应

环糊精能够与多种有机污染物形成主-客体包合物,对去除水中种类复杂的染料分子具有独特的优势.利用刚性交联剂交联制备出了环糊精多孔聚合物(P-CDP),借助FT-IR、XPS、SEM和BET等技术对P-CDP结构进行表征,采用等温吸附和动力学吸附实验研究P-CDP对染料的吸附过程,并通过竞争实验探究P-CDP对水中染料分子...     

环糊精对硝基化合物混合体系微生物降解影响

通过对硝基苯和对硝基苯酚混合体系微生物降解过程的研究,探讨了在降解过程中加入-环糊精及其衍生物羧甲基--环糊精(CMCD)对混合体系微生物降解的影响.研究表明,对硝基苯酚不能被单独降解;硝基苯能与对硝基苯酚产生共代谢作用,对硝基苯酚浓度影响混合体系的降解程度.加入环糊精能促进对硝基苯酚的降解率,影响程度与对硝基苯酚的浓度和环糊精的种类及量有关.