液膜法处理含硝基酚废水试验研究

采用液膜法对含硝基酚废水进行了处理试验研究。对低浓度废水选取了适宜的工艺条件：油相中表面活性剂的质量分数为2％；内水相中NaOH的质量分数为2％；乳液中油相与内水相的质量比为2：1；外水相：pH为2；乳液与外水相的体积比为1：3。在进水总酚质量浓度分别为1050、6700mg／L的条件下，出水总硝基酚的去除率均高达99．9％以上，同时废水中的硝基苯和COD也有较好的去除效果。     

烟气流化床脱硫除尘器净化特性研究

以水—空气流态化模拟烟气—脱硫洗涤液流态化，研究气—液流化床的流化特性，分析了烟气流化床净化器的脱硫除尘机理。并以实际净化器为基础，研究了烟气流化床脱硫除尘器的净化效率特性和阻力特性。     

Fog simulation using a mesoscale model in and around the Yodo River Basin, Japan

In this study,fog simulations were conducted using the Fifth-Generation NCAR/Penn State Mesoscale Model (MM5) in and around the Yodo River Basin,Japan.The purpose is to investigate the MM5 performance of fog simulation for long-term periods.The simulations were performed for January,February,March,and July,2005 with a coarse 3-kin and a nested fine 1-km grid domains. Results of the simulations were compared with data from ten meteorological observatories,fog sampling site in Mt.Rokko,and visibility measu...     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定地表水中5种磺胺类抗生素

建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱对水中5种磺胺类抗生素的测定分析方法。将水样经固相萃取后进样,经ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)分离后,采用串联质谱电喷雾电离(ESI+),多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,内标法定量。方法的线性范围为5.0~100.0μg/L,线性相关系数均大于0.995,样品100倍浓缩后,检出限低至0.009μg/L;在5.0~100.0μg/L范围内,高中低3个水平的加标回收率为80.2%~90.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.3%~12.0%。该方法能够满足《国务院关于印发水污染防治行动计划的通知》限制使用抗生素等化学药品开展专项整治的需要,是一种高效、准确、灵敏度高的方法。     

气相色谱法和高效液相色谱法测定废水中N，N-二甲基甲酰胺的比较

为比较气相色谱法和高效液相色谱法测定废水中N,N-二甲基甲酰胺是否存在显著性差异,分别使用这两种方法测定N,N-二甲基甲酰胺含量。结果显示,两种方法的精密度、准确度和测定结果无显著性差异,均可作为测定废水中N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的方法。     

Application of organic polymeric flocculants in centrifugal dewa—tering of oil refinery sludge

In order to evaluate the applicability of the organic polymeric floeculants(OPF) in the treatment of oil refinery sludge, experiments were conducted to show that OPF have better performance of flocculafion than inorganic flocculants. Both the anionic and cationic OPF have satisfactory floeculation efficiency in oil sludge treatment, but the latter are more cost-efficient. Among the over 20 types of floecolants tested,20PF(CPAM-2 and HPAM-2) were selected as the treatment agents, based on their good treatment performances, oil-resistance and economic feasibility. It was demonstrated in the industrial-scale centrifugal dewatering experiments that the application of either CPAM-2 or HPAM-2 could achieve high treatment efficiency of the oil sludge dewatefing and reduce the COD of centrifugal liquid to less than 1000 mg/L.     

HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF RIME ICE DEPOSITS IN THE COLORADO ROCKIES1

ABSTRACT Observations and measurements were made during storm periods at mountain top sites in the Colorado Rockies during the winter of 1981-1982. On average, liquid clouds occurred with and without snowfall for, respectively, 75 percent and 15 percent of the observations. On average, the rime ice deposition rates were measured to be seven times the precipitation rates. The rime deposits were estimated to contribute 10 percent to the water content of the snowpack. Combining this figure with the estimated rime deposits on falling snow crystals (up to 50 percent by mass), up to 60 percent of the water content of the annual snowpack in the mountains near Steamboat Springs, Colorado, could be due to rime ice deposits.     

黄磷尾气中PH3液相催化净化研究

以Mn（Ⅱ）与Pd（Ⅱ）为催化剂的吸收净化溶液对黄磷尾气中的PH3进行了液相催化氧化研究。考察了混合气中02浓度、温度、入口PH3浓度、气体流量和吸收液pH变化与磷化氢净化效率曲线的关系。实验结果表明：混合气中较佳的氧含量为5％;在20℃至75℃范围内,低温对催化净化有利,较适宜的反应温度为20℃;较低的PH3入口浓度和低气速均有利于对PH3的净化;吸收液较高的pH有利于吸收液中催化剂催化效能的发挥。吸收液对PH3的净化效率可达100％,但因吸收液中的金属离子易与PH3产生的PO4^3-形成沉淀,使金属离子脱离液相催化氧化系统,吸收液失效较快。     

北京市市售鸡蛋和鸭蛋中全氟化合物的污染水平研究

研究了北京市市售蛋类中全氟化合物的污染水平.分别对14个主要蛋类批发市场中59个摊位的鸡蛋和鸭蛋进行了样品采集,采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)对17种全氟化合物(11种全氟羧酸盐、3种全氟磺酸盐、1种全氟磺酰胺和2种氟化调聚酸)进行了系统性分析.结果表明北京市市售鸡蛋和鸭蛋样品中均存在一定浓度的全氟化合物污染,其中鸡蛋中共检出9种全氟化合物,以全氟壬酸(PFNA)、全氟庚酸(PFHpA)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)为主,平均含量分别为0.105、0.073和0.069 ng·g-1;鸭蛋中共检出10种全氟化合物,以全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)和PFOA为主,平均含量分别为0.378ng·g-1和0.296 ng·g-1.鸡蛋和鸭蛋中均未检出全氟戊酸(PFPeA)、全氟十四酸(PFTA)、全氟丁烷磺酸(PFBS)和8:2饱和调聚酸(FOEA).鸭蛋中总PFCs约是鸡蛋的3.4倍.鸡蛋中PFNA和PFHpA之间(r=0.954)以及鸭蛋中全氟十一酸(PFUnDA)和全氟十三酸(PFTrDA)之间(r=0.915)均存在较强的正相关性.对人体健康风险评价结果显示,北京市市售鸡蛋和鸭蛋中PFOS和PFOA污染水平不会对北京市居民产生即时危害.     

剧毒化学品泄漏事故应急处置研究

首先介绍了江苏省镇江新区化工企业生产和使用剧毒化学品的基本情况,以及主要的剧毒化学品--液氯和丙烯腈的危险特性;其次,分析了液氯和丙烯腈泄漏事故的类型、危害及引发原因,并据此提出了剧毒化学品泄漏事故的安全防护和社会应急救援的科学应急观.