荧光定量PCR检测生物强化SBR系统中苯胺降解菌的数量变化

生物强化SBR系统中苯胺降解菌Pseudomonas otitidis strain JY9在降解苯胺废水过程中发挥重要作用.本研究根据该菌株的邻苯二酚1,2双加氧酶(C12O)的基因序列,设计特异引物,扩增特异片段并克隆到PGM-T载体中,以此重组质粒为参照,系统活性污泥中提取的总DNA为模板,应用实时荧光定量PCR方法定量检测该菌在苯胺废水生物强化SBR系统中的丰度变化.同时应用高效液相色谱法检测系统中苯胺的残留.结果表明,苯胺初始浓度在200~500 mg·L-1范围内,苯胺降解率均达到96%以上.并且SBR反应系统活性污泥中每单位(mg)MLVSS的C12O基因拷贝数随苯胺浓度的升高而显著上升,最高拷贝数达到2.7×109个,表明该菌的数量随苯胺浓度的升高而显著上升.结果显示,在苯胺去除过程中Pseudomonas otitidis strain JY9的投加能够稳定活性污泥中的MLVSS,当含有高浓度苯胺废水系统运行稳定时,该降解菌逐渐成为活性污泥当中的优势菌.     

平面问题中主应变测量不确定度评定

目的实现平面场中主应变的测量不确定度评定。方法首先建立主应变的是非线性传播测量模型,然后应用基于二阶TAYLOR级数展开理论的不确定度传播方法(LPU方法),开展平面问题中主应变的测量不确定度评定。针对二种常用的应变花,建立以主应变为输出量、以应变花之三个方向测量应变为输入量的测量模型,并将二阶LPU方法应用于该模型。设计数值计算算例,以说明主应变不确定度的评定过程和方法,并与一阶LPU结果进行了比较。结果当应变花三个方向的应变测量结果相近时,文中方法与一阶LPU方法获得的主应变的不确定度评定结果存在明显的差异,主应变不确定度评定结果在数值上都大于应变花测量的不确定度。当应变花三个方向的应变测量结果相差较大时,文中方法和一阶LPU方法获得的主应变测量不确定度评定结果相差不大。结论特定情况下,主应变的测量不确定度值远大于应变花测量的不确定度,且与一阶LPU方法的评定结果有显著差异,二者可相差一倍。     

脱色酶TpmD在大肠杆菌中的高效表达及纯化

用PCR方法从嗜水气单胞菌DN322基因组中扩增出编码三苯基甲烷类染料脱色酶TpmD的基因,与表达载体pET-22b(+)连接构建成重组质粒pET22-tpmD,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)得到重组工程菌株.结果表明,经IPTG诱导,脱色酶基因可高效表达,粗酶液降解结晶紫、孔雀石绿、碱性品红、灿烂绿的比活力达到569.5,386.9,516.1,273.0U/g.表达产物经Ni-NTA亲和层析法一步纯化,蛋白纯度达94.05%.对4种染料的比活力分别达到1075.3,1042.8,903.9,484.3U/g,重组质粒稳定存在于工程菌中,便于规模化发酵生产.     

Biodegradation of phenol and m-cresol by mutated Candida tropicalis

The phenol and m-cresol biodegradations were studied using the mutant strain CTM 2 obtained by the He-Ne laser irradiation on wild-type Candida tropicalis. The results showed that C. tropicalis exhibited the increased capacity of phenolic compounds degradation after laser irradiation. It could degrade 2600 mg/L phenol and 300 mg/L m-cresol by 5% inoculum concentration, respectively. In the dual-substrate biodegradation system, 0–500 mg/L phenol could accelerate m-cresol biodegradation, and 300 mg/L m-cresol could be completely utilized within 46 hr at the presence of 350 mg/L phenol. Besides, the maximum biodegradation of m-cresol could reach 350 mg/L with 80 mg/L phenol within 61 hr. Obviously, phenol, as a growth substrate, could promote CTM 2 to degrade m-cresol, and was always preferentially utilized as carbon source. Comparatively, low-concentration m-cresol could result in a great inhibition on phenol degradation. In addition, the kinetic behaviors of cell growth and substrate biodegradation were described by kinetic model proposed in our laboratory.     

Degradation and mineralization of 2-chioro-, 3-chloro- and 4-chlorobiphenyl by a newly characterized natural bacterial strain isolated from an electrical transformer fluid-contaminated soil

A bacterium classified as Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain IR08 by phenotypic typing coupled with 16S rRNA gene analysis wasisolated from a soil contaminated with electrical transformer fluid for over sixty years using Aroclor 1221 as an enrichment substrate.The substrate utilization profiles revealed that IR08 could grow on all three monochlorobiphenyls (CBs), 2,4'- and 4,4'-dichlorobiphenylas well as 2-chlorobenzoate (2-CBA), 3-CBA, 4-CBA, and 2,3-dichlorobenzoate. Unusually, growth was poorly sustained on biphenyland benzoate. In growth experiments, IR08 degraded all CBs (0.27 mmol/L) in less than 96 h with concomitant stoichiometric release ofinorganic chloride and growth yields were 2-3 times higher than those observed on biphenyl. In contrast to most of the chlorobiphenyl-degrading strains described in the literature, which are reported to form CBA, no metabolite was identified in the culture broth byHPLC analysis. When co-incubated with respective CBs and biphenyl, strain IR08 preferentially utilized the chlorinated analoguesin less than 96 h while it took another 264 h before 90% of the initially supplied biphenyl could be degraded. The promotion of co-metabolic transformation of halogenated substrates by the inclusion of their non-halogenated derivatives may not therefore, result inuniversal benefits.     

硫氮比对废水脱氮与沼气脱硫耦联功能茵的影响

从废水脱氮与沼气脱硫耦联反应器中分离到了2株同步脱氮除硫功能菌--荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)和铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa).在pH 7.0,温度30℃,无供氧,培养时间2 d的条件下进行了2株功能菌纯培养的同步脱氮除硫效果试验,研究了不同硫氮比对同步脱...     

Fhhh工程菌株降解PTA废水动力学研究

研究了工程菌株Fhhh降解精对苯二甲酸(PTA)石化废水的动力学.将测得的Fhhh降解废水的6项动力学参数值、废水自然参数值、废水排放标准控制值,输入环境生物技术信息学软件(Ebis)进行计算.结果表明,来源于3种保存方法的Fhhh菌株中,所需反应器的最小体积(V_min)为1309m³,比降解率(q_A)的最高数值为0.0136h^-1,是土著菌YZ1的4倍,高于国内外同类研究的4项数值,低于同类研究的2项数值.结果表明,Fhhh工程菌株具有降解PTA废水的显著优势.     

The shaped blasting experimental study on damage and crack evolution of high stress coal seam

In the deep high stress coal and rock mass, the efficiency of the ordinary blasting method is constantly affected by the high pressure. This study investigates the shaped blasting technology with increased blasting efficiency, develops a mechanical model for coal crack expansion during shaped blasting, and examines the force-energy action of energy-gathering jets during coal splitting. The established model was combined with experiments and simulations to reveal the damage and evolution of cracks in coal and rock masses. Experiments demonstrate that shaped blasting can create an energy-gathering jet that causes a directional fracture in the test block. The peak of compressive strain in the energy-gathering direction is 1.12 times greater than that of ordinary blasting, and the static action period of the explosive gas is prolonged by 1.3 μs according to the stress curve. Moreover, the peak pressure strain increased 3.2 times, and the pull strain peak increased 3.92 times. The damage amount was represented by the resistivity and ultrasonic wave speed, and shaped blasting causes 1.2 and 1.5 times greater damage than ordinary blasting. The research results provide technical methods for safe and rapid penetration blasting in deep high-ground stressed coal mines.