Effect of alloxan induced diabetes on liver and kidney function in arsenic treated rats

Experiments were performed to study the effects of inorganic arsenic (iAs) on liver and kidney functions of diabetic rats. Data showed that arsenic concentration decreases in the liver and kidneys of rats in hyperglycemic conditions. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity was markedly less in arsenic-diabetic rats compared to arsenic alone; however, hyperbilirubinemia was observed in arsenic-diabetic animals. Creatinine values showed improved kidney function in arsenic-diabetic rats compared to arsenic alone. Histopathological observations were less severe in inorganic arsenic liver and kidneys of alloxan-diabetic rats. These observations were considered to be important since they partially argue against earlier reports that demonstrated a diabetogenic effect attributed to arsenic.     

安体舒通对2型糖尿病肾病的保护作用

探讨安体舒通对于2型糖尿病肾病患者蛋白尿、血压及肾功能的影响．采用随机双盲交叉的实验方法，20个2型糖尿病肾病患者参与了本课题．在以前降压药的基础上，包括利尿剂、最大推荐剂量的AECI或和ARB，患者以随机的顺序予安体舒通20mg／d及安慰剂分别治疗8周，每个治疗阶段后，测定血压、24h尿蛋白定量及肾小球滤过率（GFR）．安体舒通显著地降低了2型糖尿病肾病患者的血压及24h尿蛋白定量，而肾小球滤过率无显著变化，且24h尿蛋白定量的变化与血压的变化无明显相关．对于2型糖尿病肾病患者，在推荐最大剂量AECI或和ARB的基础上，加用适当剂量的安体舒通有额外的肾脏保护作用．表3，参11．     

潮汕地区防治糖尿病的植物资源

分析了潮汕地区32种防治糖尿病的植物,对其产地和药用情况进行了介绍,提出了开发利用的建议和措施.     

Maternal serum free α- and free β-human chorionic gonadotrophin in pregnancies with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: Implications for screening for Down's syndrome

A study was performed to investigate the concentrations of the α and β free sub-units of human chorionic gonadotrophin (free α-hCG and free β-hCG) in maternal serum between 15 and 22 weeks of pregnancy in 126 pregnancies among 92 women with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Each IDDM pregnancy was matched with two control singleton pregnancies for gestational age (same completed week) and duration of sample storage (same calendar quarter). The median free α-hCG level in the IDDM pregnancies was 0·86 multiples of the median (MOM) for pregnancies without IDDM at the same gestational age (P<0·002) (95 per cent confidence interval 0·80–0·94). The corresponding free β-hCG level was 0·96 MOM (95 per cent confidence interval 0·85–1·09). These results enable free α-hCG values to be adjusted so that antenatal screening for Down's syndrome can be performed using this marker in IDDM pregnancies as well as in non-diabetic pregnancies.     

Human chorionic gonadotropin and unconjugated oestriol measurements in insulin-dependent diabetic pregnant women being screened for fetal down syndrome

This prospective study investigates the relationship between insulin-dependent diabetes and maternal serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), unconjugated oestriol (uE3), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). It also examines the potential impact on screening for Down syndrome. The population-based cohort included 20 321 pregnant women in Maine who underwent routine serum screening for Down syndrome in the second trimester. The cohort included 52 women with insulin-dependent diabetes. Maternal serum AFP levels are now routinely adjusted for insulin-dependent diabetes. These adjustments, therefore, were made routinely in the diabetic women, but no equivalent adjustments were made for uE3 and hCG values. The initial false-positive rate (using all three markers) among the women with diabetes was not significantly different from that in the non-diabetic population (7·7 and 5·4 per cent, respectively). Prior to adjustment for insulin-dependent diabetes, the median AFP level in the 52 women was 0·73 multiples of the median (MOM); the median levels of uE3 and hCG were 0·93 and 0·98 MOM, respectively. When the uE3 and hCG levels were adjusted, the initial false-positive rate was unchanged. Median serum levels of uE3 were significantly higher in the 33 women whose onset of diabetes was prior to 19 years of age (0·99 MOM) than in the 19 women whose onset of diabetes was at age 19 or older (0·84 MOM). This is the first population-based study to investigate the relationship between diabetes and serum levels of AFP, uE3, and hCG, and confirms earlier observations from a case—control study that found only slightly lower uE3 and hCG levels.     

Maternal exposure to specific perfluoroalkyl substances is associated with increasing blood glucose in pregnant women

正Imagine if a group of toxic substances that increase oxidative stress and disrupt glucose and lipid metabolism have been broadly used worldwide for applications such as repellent,food packaging,and non-stick frying pan coatings.Now imagine if some of these substances have half-lives as long as 3-8 years.This is an environmental reality that has come to light with perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)–high