柳州地区酸沉降临界负荷的确定

为了对目标沉降量的制定提供定量依据,根据现场调查和实验测量获得柳州红壤的物理化学特性,地表水化学行性及降水化学背景和现状的数据,应用改进的ＭＡＧＩＣ模型计算不同酸沉降量下土壤的酸化过程。结果表明：柳州土壤已处于酸化状态并呈现继续酸化趋势,表层土壤敏感性较强,而底层土壤和地表水缓冲能力较强。     

福建赤红壤旱地与红壤旱地水分特性的比较

释放80%的有效水时赤红壤旱地的t值（当释放的土壤有效水占有效水库容的比率为80%时的土壤水吸力值）较小,表明赤红壤旱地持水性较红壤旱地更差,植物更容易受到干旱的协迫。赤红壤旱地贮水库容比红壤旱地小,赤红壤旱地的比水容量达到10-2数量级（难效水）在-10kPa~-30kPa就开始出现,而红壤旱地出现在-30kPa以下,表明赤红壤旱地的失水速度快,保水供水性能弱于红壤旱地。最后,讨论了影响旱地土壤水分性质的因素。     

3种水生蔬菜对稀土元素钷的吸收与富集

应用放射性核素示踪技术 ,研究了 3种水生蔬菜 (慈姑、荸荠和水芹菜 )对稀土元素钷 (14 7Pm)的吸收与富集。结果表明 :(1 ) 3种水生蔬菜对14 7Pm均有较强的吸收与富集能力。其中 ,水芹菜随生长时间的延长 ,吸收14 7Pm的量明显增加 ,50、80、1 1 0d时全样的吸收系数分别为 0 98± 0 1 9、0 92± 0 3 8和 1 1 4± 0 1 8;(2 ) 3种蔬菜的食用器官 (水芹菜的主茎 ,慈姑和荸荠的球茎 )对14 7Pm具有明显的富集性 ,吸收系数分别为 1 2 9± 0 2 8、2 0 9± 0 0 3和 1 55± 0 55     

稀土氧化物催化还原烟气中的SO2

在实验室研究结果的基础上,建立了小型实际燃煤烟气脱硫试验装置,采用实际燃煤烟气进行了稀土氧化物催化还原烟气脱硫的试验,考察了空速、反应温度对脱硫率的影响。试验结果表明,在反应温度520～550℃、空速2800h。的条件下,脱硫率为99％,NOx的去除率为95％,SO2最高排放质量浓度为100mg／m^3,NOx最高排放质量浓度为50mg／m^3,符合GB13223-2003《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》2时段标准,与实验室的实验结果基本吻合。     

Exploring Environmentalism amidst the Clamor of Networks: A Social Network Analysis of Utah Environmental Organizations

Dwelling in a world awash in multiple environmental crises while science and social theory erode the last vestiges of the subject of humanism, it makes sense to imagine our world beyond the lens of humanism and turn to diverse methodologies in order to explore what is going on and how to promote changes that nurture ecological sustainability. In this essay we take on this task in relation to environmental communication. In what follows we explore the contours of the age after humanism, what we term the Age of the Animate Earth. In the wake of the theoretical and actual deconstruction of the subject, we offer networks as a key unit of analysis. From this perspective, we suggest social network analysis (SNA) as one viable method for doing environmental communication studies and perform this move through a SNA of Utah environmental groups.     

稀土矿区污染农田土壤治理后稀土元素的赋存形态分析

针对赣南稀土矿区受污染农田土壤,研究添加改良剂沸石治理后土壤中稀土元素的含量及形态分布特征。分别采用酸法消解和Tessier连续提取法对土壤样品(土样)中稀土元素总量及赋存形态进行提取分析,并利用电感耦和等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定其中15种稀土元素含量及其形态含量。结果表明,土样中各稀土元素总量高达1 296 mg/kg,远远高于全国土壤平均总量176.8 mg/kg,稀土钇(Y)含量高达386.01 mg/kg远高于其余14种稀土元素含量,土样中轻稀土元素含量与重稀土元素含量比值为0.66远小于全国土壤中轻稀土含量与重稀土含量比值(3.78),表明该稀土矿属重稀土富钇矿型,且加入沸石不能影响土样中稀土元素的总量变化;矿区农田土壤加入沸石治理前,碳酸盐结合态、有机物结合态、铁-锰氧化物结合态、可交换态和残渣态稀土元素含量分别占总量百分比分别为51.03%、29.6%、10.39%、7.52%和1.46%,加入沸石治理后,以上5种形态的稀土元素含量占总量百分比分别为8.19%、71.54%、9.35%、4.34%和6.58%,表明沸石对矿区农田土壤中稀土元素的形态分布有很大影响,并显著钝化稀土元素在土壤中的生物活性及可迁移性。     

高压直流输电系统对埋地管道干扰及防护研究进展

为了让相关人员更好地了解高压直流干扰领域研究现状,通过对国内外相关领域研究成果的总结,介绍了高压直流输电系统接地极和线路对埋地管道干扰的产生方式,分析了高压直流干扰对埋地管道的危害类型、评价指标研究现状以及现有防护措施的类型和优缺点.在此基础上,总结了目前该领域的研究重点和难点,指出了未来高压干扰问题的发展方向,为相关研究人员和工程人员提供参考和借鉴.     

Low-temperature (NO + O2) adsorption performance of alkaline earth metal-doped C-FDU-15

To improve the removal capacity of NO + O₂ effectively, the alkaline earth metal-doped order mesoporous carbon (A-C-FDU-15(0.001) (A = Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba)) and Mg-C-FDU-15(x) (x = 0.001?0.003) samples were prepared, and their physicochemical and NO + O₂ adsorption properties were determined by means of various techniques. The results show that the sequence in (NO + O₂) adsorption performance was as follows: Mg-C-FDU-15(0.001) (93.2 mg/g) > Ca-C-FDU-15(0.001) (82.2 mg/g) > Sr-C-FDU-15(0.001) (76.1 mg/g) > Ba-C-FDU-15(0.001) (72.9 mg/g) > C-FDU-15 (67.1 mg/g). Among all of the A-C-FDU-15(0.001) samples, Mg-C-FDU-15(0.001) possessed the highest (NO + O₂) adsorption capacity (106.2 mg/g). The species of alkaline earth metals and basic sites were important factors determining the adsorption of NO + O₂ on the A-C-FDU-15(x) samples, and (NO + O₂) adsorption on the samples was mainly chemical adsorption. Combined with the results of (NO + O₂)-temperature-programmed desorption ((NO + O₂)-TPD) and in situ diffused reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) characterization, we deduced that there were two main pathways of (NO + O₂) adsorption: one was first the conversion of NO and O₂ to NO₂ and then part of NO₂ was converted to NO₂^? and NO₃^?; and the other was the direct oxidation of NO to NO₂^? and NO₃^?.     

基于郑州地铁下穿南水北调干渠的Peck公式反演分析

土压平衡盾构隧道下穿通水运行中的南水北调工程,在国内尚属首例。以郑州地铁城郊线土压平衡盾构隧道下穿南水北调中线干渠区间实测数据为依据,将Peck公式法运用于隧道下穿南水北调工程引起的地表沉降预测研究中,利用反演分析法,通过引入最大沉降量修正系数j和沉降槽宽度修正系数k,结合实测数据对Peck公式进行修正,得出适用于郑州地区相似工程的Peck公式,并根据现场实际情况,对不同埋深条件下地表沉降规律进行研究。结果表明:引入最大沉降量修正系数j和沉降槽宽度修正系数k对Peck公式进行改进后,能够获得较准确的地表沉降预测曲线,证明了Peck公式法在隧道下穿南水北调工程引起的地表沉降预测研究中的适用性;在其他条件均相同的情况下,随着隧道埋深的增加,地表最大沉降量逐渐减小,沉降槽宽度逐渐增大。     

Trace elements and rare earth elements in wet deposition of Lijiang, Mt. Yulong region, southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau

In order to investigate the compositions and wet deposition fluxes of trace elements and rare earth elements (REEs) in the precipitation of the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, 38 precipitation samples were collected from March to August in 2012 in an urban site of Lijiang city in the Mt. Yulong region. The concentrations of most trace elements and REEs were higher during the non-monsoon season than during the monsoon season, indicating that the lower concentrations of trace elements and REEs observed during monsoon had been influenced by the dilution effect of increased precipitation. The concentrations of trace elements in the precipitation of Lijiang city were slightly higher than those observed in remote sites of the Tibetan Plateau but much lower than those observed in the metropolises of China, indicating that the atmospheric environment of Lijiang city was less influenced by anthropogenic emissions, and, as a consequence, the air quality was still relatively good. However, the results of enrichment factor and principal component analysis revealed that some anthropogenic activities (e.g., the increasing traffic emissions from the rapid development of tourism) were most likely important contributors to trace elements, while the regional/local crustal sources rather than anthropogenic activities were the predominant contributors to the REEs in the wet deposition of Lijiang city. Our study was relevant not only for assessing the current status of the atmospheric environment in the Mt. Yulong region, but also for specific management actions to be implemented for the control of atmospheric inputs and the health of the environment for the future.