战略环境评价的主动性与整体性分析

战略性是战略环境评价(SEA)的最重要特征,也是SEA区别于项目环境影响评价(EIA)的关键。文章从SEA的主动性与整体性角度对SEA的战略性特征进行分析,它们是衡量SEA在实践中有效性的重要依据。     

论旅游景区循环经济的策略

本文尝试将循环经济的理论与方法导入旅游业,提出了旅游业循环经济的内涵,以及旅游景区循环经济的概念与发展模式,井着重就旅游景区循环经济的实施策略进行了研究。     

Control strategy of shortcut nitrification

Shortcut nitrification for ammonium-rich wastewater is energy-saving and cost-effective procedure that has become one of the hotspots in the field of biological denitrogenation. An orthogonal experiment was performed to study the combined effects of operational parameters on the performance of internal-loop airlift bioreactor for shortcut nitrification. The optimum operational parameters for the shortcut nitrification were fotmd as temperature 35 ℃, pH 8.0, dissolved oxygen concentration 1.0 mg/L, ammonium concentration 4 mmol/L and HRT 16 h, which have different influence on the performance of shortcut nitrification reactor. The pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration have significant bearing on the process. The results showed that the shortcut nitrification reactor could be successfully started up within 42 d, and the reactor performance is steady with minimum NO2-/NOx- of 85.2%, maximum 93.4% and average value of 91.4% in effluent. Based on the analysis of experimental data, a new control strategy named “priority ＋ combination” for shortcut nitrification was suggested. Through this strategy, the startup and operation of shortcut nitrification for ammonium-rich sludge digester liquids were optimized. The control strategy works well to keep the reactor operation in steady state and in achieving high-efficiency for shortcut nitrification.     

中国燃煤二氧化硫污染控制战略

在分析我国二氧化硫和酸雨污染特征以及经济发展与二氧化硫排放控制水平相关关系的基础上,提出我国燃煤二氧化硫排放总体控制规模,阐述了我国二氧化硫排放控制的管理政策必须坚持实施区域防治战略和推行综合防治措施两个基本方面,并就优先选择控制技术战略做了初步分析。     

粉煤灰资源化利用发展战略的研究

运用系统工程原理和运筹学的分析方法,对南京地区粉煤灰资源化利用的发展战略、制约因素及政策措施进行了分析,提出了一些方案措施,为南京市规划、管理和制定用灰政策提供了必要的科学依据。     

发展环境和谐企业文化的思考和实施策略

发展环境和谐企业文化,是促使环境文化实现整体化、连续化、全面化、系统化的关键.它的建立,将使三大环境主体(政府、企业和公众)均处于环境文化的作用之下,将极大地推进环境文化的统一和实践作用的发挥.着重论述了企业环境和谐文化的定义,环境和谐企业文化的功能,和发展这种文化的相关策略.     

交通安全管理应对城乡交通一体化建设对策分析——以阜阳城区交通为例

以阜阳为例,分析城乡交通一体化建设给阜阳城区交通安全管理带来的挑战,通过对阜阳市城区路网结构、交通参与者的交通安全意识和交通安全管理压力3个方面的实地调查,得出传统交通管理模式已不能满足城乡交通一体化建设带来的新交通形势需要的结论。在借鉴国外发达国家交通安全管理对策的基础上,提出应对城乡交通一体化建设的交通安全管理策略:挖掘路网潜能治理混合交通策略、城乡交通一体化建设针对性管理策略和发展智能交通系统实现交通安全管理升级策略,使交通安全管理能够有效应对城乡一体化建设带来的各种挑战。     

A bioeconomic model of afforestation in Southern Ontario: Integration of fiber,carbon and municipal biosolids values

This study explores the economic attractiveness of afforestation as a strategy for the joint production of fibre, carbon storage and biosolids (treated municipal sewage sludge) disposal for municipalities in Southern and Central Ontario, Canada. We use a spatial, stochastic model, the Canadian Forest Service Afforestation Feasibility Model (CFS-AFM), to simulate a range of spatial biosolids application scenarios in hybrid poplar afforestation projects. Results suggest that such joint afforestation strategies could be financially attractive. Significant cost savings can be expected through decreases in transportation distances and avoided waste disposal fees. Sensitivity analysis is used to examine the effects of variations in critical model parameters on net present values. Our findings indicate that waste disposal savings from application of biosolids on hybrid poplar plantations combined with incentives for landowners to sequester carbon can easily compete with agricultural land rental values in some regions of Ontario. Social acceptance of this kind of activity, however, may be an impediment to adoption.     

高寒草甸藏嵩草种群繁殖对策的研究

对高寒草甸藏嵩草（Kobresia tibetica)种群的繁殖对策进行了初步研究。结果表明,藏嵩草属寒冷中生密丛短根茎地下芽植物,在高寒生境中采用了以营养繁殖为主,有性繁殖为辅的繁殖策略,具体体现在以几个方面：藏嵩草种子产量nA=200.1m^-2,但种子萌发率较低,室内和野外萌发率分别仅有4％和2％,经氢氧化钠溶液和赤霉素溶液处理后的种子萌发率分别为1％和6．7％,而剥去种皮后种子萌发率达47．3％,所以种皮坚硬是造成种子萌发率低的主要原因;进入种子库、保留至返青期且具有活性的种子仅占种子总数的31．49％,单位面积上理论实生苗数仅为1．26m^-2,与此相反,藏嵩草营养繁殖所形成的新个体数为101．32m^2,,远远多于种子萌发所形成的实生苗数,此外,藏嵩草营养繁殖效力也远高于有性繁殖效4力。营养繁殖效力占总数繁殖效力的83．46％（167）。表1参7     

湖南省境内长江中上游防护林体系建设第一期工程的进展

长江中上游防护林建设第一期工程1990年在湖南省境内启动实施以来,先后在全省33个县(市、区)开展了工作,共完成投资22 284.8万元,重点造林工程项目主要采取人工植苗造林、低效林改造、封山育林和幼林抚育等 4种方式,在整个长江防护林建设工程过程中始终坚持良种壮苗技术的推广和造林树种选择及其造林技术的研究。长江防护林建设重点工程占43.84%,一般营造林占56.16%;该建设工程获得的生态效益总计达到51 980.87万元,直接经济效益共计706 283.63万元,为社会提供了43.6万个劳动力一年就业岗位,文末还指出了该建设工程中存在的5个方面问题及3项对策。