Management Strategies for Ecocities of Sustainable Development

Building ecocities becomes an objective requirement for sustainable development. This article discusses the relationship between sustainable development and sustainable urban development. On the basis of discussing the sigificance of sustainable urban development and that of an eco-city from different perspectives, it suggests several management strategies for developing an eco-city, a desirable sustainable urban model.     

能源企业节能战略思考

我国已将节约资源作为一项基本国策。文章对我国能源现状进行了分析,阐述了能源企业在节能方面存在的问题。针对存在的问题,提出了我国企业的节能战略对策,即从战略的高度真正执行开发与节约并重的原则。     

后发展地区旅游产业发展战略研究——以贵州省为例

西部大开发已经成为国人关注的重大问题之一。以我国西部典型的社会经济后发展区域———贵州省为例 ,以区域关联度最大、开放程度最高的旅游产业为突破口 ,分别从战略定位、品牌创建与景区建设、旅游促销、整体开发与协调发展等方面 ,初步研究了后发展地区的发展战略问题 ,联系实际提出了后发展地区旅游产业“后发制人”的策略、措施和建议。认为创新制度和体制对后发展地区来说极其重要 ,贵州省旅游产业的发展要再造本地文化、形成品牌优势 ,寻求切入点、择优开发精品 ,注重宣传促销、拓展旅游市场 ,要尽可能利用现有的城镇体系 ,最大限度地降低旅游产业发展的成本和风险 ,大力发展区域经济文化 ,实现观念转变等等。对西部乃至全国区域旅游产业发展具有一定的指导意义。     

民航机场绿色供应链构建策略与实施路径研究

民航机场是航空运输服务的重要载体,也是民航领域推进生态文明建设的主战场.文章以深圳机场为例,探讨以服务供应链为依托构建机场绿色供应链的策略,并提出了四大板块任务,即完善绿色采购,推行绿色建设,实施绿色地勤,加强绿色经营,从而将生态文明贯穿到机场生产、经营、管理的各个环节,提升机场经济、社会和环境效益,进一步强化机场生态文明建设的窗口效应.     

论联合国PRTR环境信息传播战略及其民主功能研究

环境信息的传播可以降低、减缓乃至消除环境危机给人类健康和生存带来的威胁.在实践中,环境信息传播渠道的畅通实际上意味着环境管理机制和环境监控机制的正常运行.2003年10月,联合国《污染物释放和转移登记册公约》在16个国家生效,现已发展为31个协议国,为各协议国环境管理和环境民主的有序发展构建了一部完整的环境信息传播战略,该战略合作协议由数个从微观层面保障环境民主实施的信息传播子系统构成.     

基于GIS的洱海农村生活污水及其TN产排强度空间分析及控制对策

农村生活污水是造成洱海富营养的重要污染源,对其进行定量定点分析是开展农村生活污水治理的前提.本文利用GIS软件,基于普查数据,综合源强估算法和清单分析法,从水文、地貌和行政区划3个角度,对洱海流域农村生活污水及其TN产排强度进行定量估算和空间分析.在此基础上,利用加权指数法和因子分析法对流域进行管理分区,并提出相应的控制对策.结果表明,2012年,洱海流域农村生活污水平均产、排强度分别为2572.03 t·km-2·a-1和1919.34 t·km-2·a-1,农村生活污水中TN平均产、排强度分别为1002.23 t·km-2·a-1和747.90t·km-2·a-1;各小流域农村生活污水和TN产生强度大小均为:苍山十八溪流域波罗江流域东部山溪流域西洱河流域北三江流域,各小流域两者排放强度大小均为:苍山十八溪流域波罗江流域西洱河流域东部山溪流域北三江流域,苍山十八溪流域和波罗江流域是主要源区;3类地貌区农村生活污水和TN产排强度大小依次为:湖滨缓冲区平坝区山区,湖滨缓冲区对农村生活污水及其TN产排贡献最大;17个乡镇农村生活污水及TN产生强度由大到小为:经济开发区大理镇银桥镇湾桥镇喜洲镇上关镇邓川镇右所镇挖色镇下关镇凤羽镇海东镇凤仪镇茈碧湖镇三营镇牛街乡双廊镇,各乡镇两者排放强度依次为:经济开发区湾桥镇银桥镇大理镇邓川镇喜洲镇右所镇挖色镇上关镇下关镇三营镇海东镇凤仪镇茈碧湖镇凤羽镇牛街乡双廊镇,经济开发区是产排强度最重的区域.综合上述3个方面的分析结果,结合区域的功能定位,对洱海流域农村生活污水提出了"二级控制区3种模式"的控制对策.     

Results of the monitoring program of pesticide residues in organic food of plant origin in Lombardy (Italy)

Organic agriculture, with its restrictions on the use of synthetic chemical inputs, seems to offer a low-residue alternative to conventional methods. In Europe, the Council Regulation n. 2092/91/EEC regulates the production and trade of organic products and foodstuffs; national and regional legislation in Italy gives specific guidance on the surveillance of organic agriculture. However, monitoring of specific chemical residues in organic foodstuffs is part of the regular controls on food, aiming to safeguard consumer's health. Monitoring programs are coordinated at the national level by the Ministry of Health and at local level by Regional authorities. In Lombardy, in accordance with the provisions of the General Directorate of Health of the Region and under the supervision of the 15 Local Health Units, a monitoring program of pesticide residues in food of plant origin is undertaken every year. The International Centre for Pesticides and Health Risk Prevention (ICPS), on behalf of the General Directorate of Health of the Region of Lombardy, has been collecting and elaborating the data resulting from the analysis of food samples, carried out by the local laboratories. During the period 2002–2005, a total of 3508 samples food of plant origin were analyzed for pesticide residues, among which were 266 samples of organic farming products. Commodities were classified into groups (citrus fruits, legumes, vegetables, potatoes, processed products, cereals, and fruit other than citrus) and the outcomes of the analyses were reported by year, origin of the sample and presence/absence of pesticide residues. Results showed that the vast majority of organic farming products were in conformity with the relevant legislation and did not contain detectable pesticide residues. A limited amount of samples had residues at concentration below the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL). Only in one sample the residue level was above the MRL, however it did not pose a concern for public health, as demonstrated by the outcomes of dietary risk assessment. Organic fruits and vegetables can be expected to contain fewer agrochemical residues than conventionally grown alternatives. There is a widespread belief that organic agriculture products are safer and healthier than conventional foods. It is difficult to come to conclusions, but what should be made clear to the consumer is that “organic” does not automatically equal “safe”. In the absence of adequate comparative data, additional studies in this area of research are required.     

新时期公众对地震谣言的认知状况分析

通过对北京地区不同阶层人群的防震减灾科普知识、需求及科普形式创新调查数据的定量分析,以及对2008年汶川地震发生后政府成功制止谣言的传播和2010年山西部分地区地震谣言传播事件进行的分析,阐述了地震谣言产生和传播的社会基础以及政府危机传播策略在地震谣言事件中存在的问题.防震减灾科普知识的匮乏以及对地震部门工作的不了解导致公众对地震谣言的识别能力低下；媒体对地震知识的概念混淆,使得高知人群更容易对国内地震预报工作产生误解；政府仅仅通过单一媒体对地震谣言进行简单的辟谣,效果将会非常有限.     

Design of Optimal Noise Hazard Control Strategy With Budget Constraint

An analytical design procedure to determine optimal noise hazard control strategies for industrial facilities is presented. Its objective is to determine a set of appropriate noise controls to eliminate or reduce noise levels so that workers ‘ daily noise exposure does not exceed a permissible level. From a given noise control budget, engineering controls will be firstly implemented, followed by administrative controls, and then the use of hearing protection devices. Six optimization models are developed and sequentially applied to select appropriate noise controls without exceeding the budget. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the application of the proposed design procedure.     

国有大中型钢铁企业后勤保障安全策略分析

国有大中型钢铁企业后勤安全管理是一项系统化工作，具体实施过程中需要坚持安全第一位的基本原则，建立长效安全保障制度，推动钢铁企业后勤安全管理工作顺利开展。钢铁企业后勤安全管理过程中需要坚持以人为本的基本原则，需要从安全保障基本制度建设出发。不断优化安全管理策略，建立科学合理的安全保证机制，推动国有大中型钢铁企业后勤管理水平不断提升，从根本上实现后勤安全保障工作规范化运行，促进企业获取更多的经济效益和社会效益。