Transcervical CVS sample size: Correlation with placental location,cytogenetic findings,and pregnancy outcome

Data from 2907 transcervical CVS cases performed on singleton pregnancies were reviewed retrospectively and villus sample size was correlated with cytogenetic results, placental location, maternal age at the expected date of confinement (EDC), gestational age at the time of sampling, birth weight, gestational age at the time of delivery, and pregnancy outcome. No correlation was noted between villus sample size and maternal age, gestational age at sampling, gestational age at delivery, birth weight, or pregnancy outcome. An inverse correlation between villus sample size and percentage of abnormal cytogenetic findings was statistically significant (X² = 8·53, p <0·01). The percentage of small samples was greater when the placenta was anterior, lateral, or fundal than when the placenta was posterior.     

呼和浩特市不同粒径空气颗粒物中汞的分布规律

采用分级采样装置 ,于冬夏两季采集呼市三个不同功能区不同粒径空气颗粒物中的汞进行分析 ,结果表明 :呼市空气颗粒物中的汞含量冬季明显高于夏季 ;冬季空气颗粒物中的汞含量为居民区 >交通区 >对照区 ,夏季为交通区 >居民区 >对照区 ;空气中汞主要富集在可吸入粒子中。     

改革开放以来我国粮食生产转型分析及展望

粮食生产转型是乡村生产体系演变的核心内容,以粮食生产转型研究为突破口能够清晰反映区域乡村人地关系的演化过程,为深化城乡融合发展和乡村转型发展研究提供新的视角。本文聚焦我国改革开放以来粮食生产转型历程,并尝试构建我国粮食生产转型的分析框架。研究发现,改革开放以来我国粮食生产转型呈现出“以粮为纲—农业结构调整—综合转型—城乡互动”四个差异化阶段特征。利用GL-RL模型,构建了我国粮食生产转型的分析框架。研究发现,改革开放以来我国粮食生产由Green Loop阶段演化到Red Loop阶段,粮食生产逐渐由本地生产融入到城乡生产网络,驱动粮食生产转型的扰动因素具有多时空尺度特征和跨尺度效应。城乡融合发展、乡村振兴战略、乡村人地关系协调和全球化等因素将会对未来粮食生产转型产生重要影响。此外,优化粮食生产转型与乡村转型发展的关系,将为保障粮食生产有序转型,完善乡村生产体系创造条件。     

不同类型污染源颗粒物的粒度分布特征分析

对影响葫芦岛市城区环境质量可吸入颗粒物的各类污染源颗粒物的粒度成份、分布特征进行分析。采用斯托克直径ds(Stokes′Diameter)表示法,利用巴柯离心机对样品进行处理,得到各类排放源所排放的不同粒径的颗粒物重量百分比,为环境管理提供科学依据。     

不同类型污染源颗粒物的粒度分布特征分析

对影响葫芦岛市城区环境质量可吸入颗粒物的各类污染源颗粒物的粒度成份、分布特征进行分析。采用斯托克直径ds（Stoke＇s Diameter）表示法，利用巴柯离心机对样品进行处理，得到各类排放源所排放的不同粒径的颗粒物重量百分比，为环境管理提供科学依据。     

上海滨岸潮滩不同粒径沉积物中无机形态磷的分布特征

以地理环境独特的上海滨岸带为研究对象，根据对冬季潮滩悬浮层、表层沉积物的研究，初步探讨了潮滩不同粒径沉积物中各无机形态磷的地球化学特征：DP、(Fe Al)-P在靠近排污口的采样点含量高，同时随粒径变化复杂；沉积物中（Fe Al)-P含量随粒径变大而升高，悬浮层沉积物中（Fe Al)-P更能指示环境的污染状况；一般细粉砂质沉积物中Ca-P含量高。     

Effect of catalyzed diesel particulate filter and its catalyst loading on emission characteristics of a non-road diesel engine

In this study, the effects of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) coupled with a catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF) with different catalyst loadings on the power, fuel consumption, gaseous and particulate emissions from a non-road diesel engine were investigated. Results showed that the after-treatment had a negligible effect on the power and fuel consumption. The reduction effect of the DOC on the CO and hydrocarbon (HC) increased with the engine load. Further reductions occurred coupling with the CDPF. Increasing the catalyst loading resulted in a more significant reduction in the HC emissions than CO emissions. The DOC could increase the NO₂ proportion to 37.9%, and more NO₂ was produced when coupled with the CDPF below 250°C; above 250°C, more NO₂ was consumed. The after-treatment could reduce more than 99% of the particle number (PN) and 98% of the particle mass (PM). Further reductions in the PN and PM occurred with a higher CDPF catalyst loading. The DOC had a better reduction effect on the nucleation particles than the accumulation ones, but the trend reversed with the CDPF. The DOC shifted the particle size distribution (PSD) to larger particles with an accumulation particle proportion increasing from 13% to 20%, and the geometric mean diameter (GMD) increased from 18.2 to 26.0 nm. The trend reversed with the CDPF and the accumulation particle proportion declined to less than 10%. A lower catalyst loading on the CDPF led to a higher proportion of nucleation particles and a smaller GMD.     

紫木凼金矿开采过程中的环境效应:2.污染趋势分析

主要对紫木凼金矿区CN- 、As、Hg、Pb、Zn五个污染项目进行了趋势分析和污染预测。氰化物虽然是剧毒污染物 ,但它具有很强的自净降解作用 ,对矿区的污染影响不大 ,只是对于废液池的清洗外排必须先治理后排放。建立了As、Hg、Pb、Zn在各个污染途径中的定量分配模式。该模式表明 ,开采过程中As、Hg、Pb的大部分 ( 64 %以上 )进入废液池外排 ,其余的进入矿渣。在此基础上 ,对这些元素从 1 989年到 2 0 0 0年的开采总量、进入废液、土壤、积水坑的分量进行了计算 ,并给出了在堆场下伏粘土中各元素的饱和吸附量和开始外排的时间。     

云南省中小企业推广清洁生产初探

对云南清洁生产的发展概况和存在问题进行了分析,提出了从政府导向监管、企业利益和中介服务等3个方面来推广中小企业清洁生产的设想.     

The adaptive significance of male polymorphism in the acarid mite Caloglyphus berlesei

Summary Two forms of males occur in the acarid mite, Caloglyphus berlesei. One of them uses its thickened third pair of legs to kill other males; the other, without modified legs, does not attack other males. Previous studies have shown that the form of the male is environmentally determined: fighter males develop only at low population densities and their development can be suppressed by substances emanating from dense colonies. In this study, the duration of development, longevity and virility of the two male morphs were measured. The only significant difference was that fighters had a shorter development time between the two last moults. In another experiment, two groups of colonies were maintained under the same conditions but had different numbers of individuals: small colonies contained 2 fighters and 2 non-fighters, whereas large colonies contained 30 males of each type. The relative reproductive success of both morphs was estimated from numbers of matings. In small colonies, the estimated reproductive success (ERS) was significantly higher for fighters than for non-fighters, mainly because in over 50% of these colonies a single fighter male managed to kill all the rival males and monopolize the females. The opposite was true in large colonies, in which non-fighters achieved significantly higher ERS, mainly because the fighters were killed in fights more often than the non-fighters. This implies that the ratio of costs to benefits obtained by adopting the fighter-male strategy increases with the number of rival males, which may explain conditional male development in C. berlesei.