基于FXLMS算法的矿用有源耳罩的研究

基于矿井中低频噪声突出,存在时间长、危害大,尤其周期性噪声比重较大,而传统降噪技术对其降噪效果并不明显,提出了基于fxlms 算法的自适应有源降噪耳罩降低矿井中的低频周期性信号,并采用离线建模方法建立了次级通道模型,利用MATLAB8.0拟合了64阶的滤波器,对 矿井中具有代表性的1kHz低频周期噪声和伴有随机噪声的1kHz低频周期性噪声进行了降噪仿真研究。结果表明:1kHz低频周期性噪声的降噪量 达到了30dB。而且在本模型下,随机噪声对低频周期性噪声的降噪效果几乎没有影响。     

基于铀尾矿库核素污染监测WSN分簇路由协议

用WSN对铀尾矿库核素污染监测优于传统有线布置,为解决无线传输路由能耗的问题,提出了一种基于蚁群算法的前向传输分簇路由协议。该协议以分簇的方式来减少数据发送量与寻优开销,在下一跳接收节点选择阶段,以前向传输区域为切入点,利用优化的蚁群算法进行多路径搜索最后选出满足条件的最优路径。仿真实验表明,CFTA协议的网络生存周期有效延长,并减小了能耗。     

基于LSSVM的石灰石浆液制取电耗优化

提出了基于最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)构造以球磨机制浆速度作为目标优化模型,并采用遗传算法实现了给料量、给水量、漩流器入口压力等运行参数的寻优,获得了优化制浆速度的调整方式。以此方式的相应参数作为当前负荷下的基准值,能很好地解决制浆工况下运行参数基准的确定问题。通过现场试验证明:按此基准值运行,可以提高制浆速度,降低电耗。     

现代高新技术应用领域的扩展——"数字地球"技术在四川经济发展中的应用前景

面对信息化时代的到来,结合四川省省情,阐述了“数字地球”高新技术对四川省发展的重要意义,特别指出了应该扩大对现有信息资源的应用领域,并就此提出了一些建议,以有助于实现四川省经济的跨越式发展。     

聊古一井数字化氡影响因素分析

对聊古一井数字化氡观测资料进行分析研究的结果显示,科学合理的气水分离装置对于获得真实可靠的观测结果具有重要作用;保障仪器的正常工作状态,是数字化氡观测的重要环节之一。聊古一井数字化氡的变化特征主要受气温、气压和井压的影响,分析和排除这些因素的影响是数字化观测资料分析应用的基础。     

Modeling Habitat Suitability for Complex Species Distributions by Environmental-Distance Geometric Mean

This paper presents a new habitat suitability modeling method whose main properties are as follows: (1) It is based on the density of observation points in the environmental space, which enables it to fit complex distributions (e.g. nongaussian, bimodal, asymmetrical, etc.). (2) This density is modeled by computing the geometric mean to all observation points, which we show to be a good trade-off between goodness of fit and prediction power. (3) It does not need any absence information, which is generally difficult to collect and of dubious reliability. (4) The environmental space is represented either by an expert-selection of standardized variables or the axes of a factor analysis [in this paper we used the Ecological Niche Factor Analysis (ENFA)].We first explain the details of the geometric mean algorithm and then we apply it to the bearded vulture (Gypaetus barbatus) habitat in the Swiss Alps. The results are compared to those obtained by the median algorithm and tested by jack-knife cross-validation. We also discuss other related algorithms (BIOCLIM, HABITAT, and DOMAIN). All these analyses were implemented into and performed with the ecology-oriented GIS software BIOMAPPER 2.0.The results show the geometric mean to perform better than the median algorithm, as it produces a tighter fit to the bimodal distribution of the bearded vulture in the environmental space. However, the median algorithm being quicker, it could be preferred when modeling more usual distribution.     

超弹性NiTi合金裂纹尖端应变场的数字散斑相关方法

利用数字散斑相关方法对具有超弹性特征的Ni-51．8 at％Ti形状记忆合金的预制双边裂纹试件，在单向拉伸过程中裂纹尖端附近的应变场进行了研究；并对不同时效温度处理的试样进行了比较。发现时效处理温度对合金材料裂纹尖端的应变场有很大的影响。     

可视化灾害数字仿真重构理论及实证研究--灾害本质解析及仿真理论可行性分析

可视化灾害数字仿真重构理论研究，不仅可以实现对灾害空问数据进行有效的集成管理和时空分析，而且为灾害的防治、应急管理和工程论证等提供可靠的依据，是解决灾害实验的危险性和不可重复性的最佳途径。本文在综述灾害防治手段及相关研究进展的基础上，明确了灾害的定义和特征，论述了灾害的分类与分级方法，研究了孕灾环境、承灾体和致灾因子的成灾模式，提出了灾害空间的涵义。在灾害本质解析的基础上，提出灾害数字仿真重构理论的概念，并论证了理论的可行性，为进一步的研究创造了条件。     

在数字信号处理中二进制数量化引起的有限字长效应

在数字信号处理中,采用不同的二进制数的表示方法及量化方式,其误差相距甚远.本文首先分析二进制数的不同表示方式是产生有限字长误差的直接原因,然后对三种二进制数的表示方法及两种量化方式做了详细的说明及分析,同时,还利用MATLAB对不同量化方式的误差敏感性进行了分析,并针对具体问题进行了归纳和总结,提出了相应的解决方案.信号处理在林业森林生态信息处理以及林业生产安全信息处理等方面具有重要的意义.     

Automatic Calibration of Hydrologic Models With Multi‐Objective Evolutionary Algorithm and Pareto Optimization1

Abstract: In optimization problems with at least two conflicting objectives, a set of solutions rather than a unique one exists because of the trade‐offs between these objectives. A Pareto optimal solution set is achieved when a solution cannot be improved upon without degrading at least one of its objective criteria. This study investigated the application of multi‐objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) and Pareto ordering optimization in the automatic calibration of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a process‐based, semi‐distributed, and continuous hydrologic model. The nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA‐II), a fast and recent MOEA, and SWAT were called in FORTRAN from a parallel genetic algorithm library (PGAPACK) to determine the Pareto optimal set. A total of 139 parameter values were simultaneously and explicitly optimized in the calibration. The calibrated SWAT model simulated well the daily streamflow of the Calapooia watershed for a 3‐year period. The daily Nash‐Sutcliffe coefficients were 0.86 at calibration and 0.81 at validation. Automatic multi‐objective calibration of a complex watershed model was successfully implemented using Pareto ordering and MOEA. Future studies include simultaneous automatic calibration of water quality and quantity parameters and the application of Pareto optimization in decision and policy‐making problems related to conflicting objectives of economics and environmental quality.