Sex-dependent obesogenic effect of tetracycline on Drosophila melanogaster deteriorated by dysrhythmia

Antibiotics have been identified as obesogens contributing to the prevalence of obesity. Moreover, their environmental toxicity shows sex dependence, which might also explain the sex-dependent obesity observed. Yet, the direct evidence for such a connection and the underlying mechanisms remain to be explored. In this study, the effects of tetracycline, which is a representative antibiotic found in both environmental and food samples, on Drosophila melanogaster were studied with consideration of both sex and circadian rhythms (represented by the eclosion rhythm). Results showed that in morning-eclosed adults, tetracycline significantly stimulated the body weight of females (AM females) at 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 and 100.0 µg/L, while tetracycline only stimulated the body weight of males (AM males) at 1.0 µg/L. In the afternoon-eclosed adults, tetracycline significantly stimulated the body weight of females (PM females) at 0.1, 1.0 and 100.0 µg/L, while it showed more significant stimulation in males (PM males) at all concentrations. Notably, the stimulation levels were the greatest in PM males among all the adults. The results showed the clear sex dependence of the obesogenic effects, which was diminished by dysrhythmia. Further biochemical assays and clustering analysis suggested that the sex- and rhythm-dependent obesogenic effects resulted from the bias toward lipogenesis against lipolysis. Moreover, they were closely related to the preference for the energy storage forms of lactate and glucose and also to the presence of excessive insulin, with the involvement of glucolipid metabolism. Such relationships indicated potential bridges between the obesogenic effects of pollutants and other diseases, e.g., cancer and diabetes.     

海绵铁预处理DSD酸废水的研究

用铁泥废渣制备水处理材料海绵铁,研究含碳球团直接还原的金属化率与还原时间,温度和铁泥粒度之间的关系,得到含碳球团制备海绵铁的反应参数。并对海绵铁预处理DSD酸废水的各种影响因素进行了试验研究,确定最佳试验条件;通过试验对海绵铁处理DSD酸废水的机理进行了探讨,确定它是电化学作用、电场作用、絮凝沉淀以及物理吸附等共同作用的结果。试验表明,海绵铁可作为高浓度DSD废水的预处理材料。     

城市化与国民经济发展之关系的理论分析

城市化水平与人均国民生产总值的统计关系在８０年代被建立,从理论上分析这个统计关系能加深对城市与经济发展之关系的理解。从经济学的要素替代和需求收入弹性原理概括了城市化的发展机制,认为任何一个国家或地区的城市化都遵从它。并构造了全国人均国民生产总值与城市人均国民生产总值、乡村人均国民生产总值、城市化水平的关系,它是普适的。如果假设城市、乡村人均国民生产总值的增长分别引起的全国人均国民生产总值的增长总是占据了一个不变的份额,同时,城市人均国民生产总值与乡村人均国民生产总值之差与全国人均国民生产总值成正比,那么,就可以据此演绎出这个统计关系。第二个前提暗示了一个城乡发展差距的倒“Ｕ”字型过程     

2－硝基芴大鼠肝微粒体体外代谢研究

初步研究了在通风条件下，经Ａｒｏｃｌｏｒ１２５４诱导的大鼠肝微粒体酶对２－硝基芴的体外代谢。通过液相色谱、气相色谱、质谱、紫外光谱及红外光谱，首次分离和检测出单羟芴和二羟基芴等代谢产物，但未测得明显的硝基还原代谢产物。此外尚有一些谢产物未能定性。高致突变性羟基衍生物的检出，显示出硝基多环芳烃在哺乳动物体内可能存在多种代谢活化途径。为进一步的研究奠定了基础。     

Chromosome preparations of both direct and long-term cultures from the same fragment of chorionic villi

A simplified method is described for processing both direct preparations and long-term cultures from the same fragment of chorionic villi. Enzyme separation of the outer trophoblast layers (used for direct preparations) from the inner mesenchymal core (used to initiate long-term cultures) facilitates the utilization of the same fragments for the two procedures, without jeopardizing the success of either method. This has proved useful in cases where the sample was so small that only one method of chromosome preparation may have been possible using other techniques.     

唐钢一炼钢厂VD精炼炉直接冷却水系统设计

介绍了VD精炼炉直接冷却水处理常用的工艺流程及设计中应重点考虑的问题 ,如水处理单元的选择 ,供水泵与提升泵的匹配问题等     

硅藻土负载型非均相芬顿催化剂制备及其降解苯酚的实验研究

以硅藻土为载体,采用直接蒸发法负载铁的氧化物,制备了一种新型负载型非均相芬顿催化剂,通过SEM、EDS和XRD等对催化剂进行了表征,并以苯酚去除率考察了催化剂性能。结果表明:铁氧化物可成功负载于硅藻土上;催化剂制备时最优铁离子浓度和固液质量比分别为0.5 mol/L和1∶10;催化剂重复使用性高,耐酸碱性良好,对苯酚的去除率可达99%以上。催化剂利用了硅藻土优异的物化性质,对难降解有机废水具有良好的应用前景。     

飞机每飞行小时直接维修工时评估研究

目的细化军用飞机部队使用保障阶段每飞行小时直接维修工时评估的实施方法。方法界定评估条件、确定数据范围和来源,结合部队信息收集工作实际,通过制定各类表格收集数据并分析加工,最终得出评估结论。结果较客观地反映了某型飞机相关维修性特征。结论评估方法贴近部队工作实际,可操作性强,可为各类装备开展相关维修性评估工作提供借鉴。     

沂蒙山区典型小流域降雨径流的磷素输出特征

以沂蒙山区孟良崮小流域为研究对象,通过监测2010年自然降雨条件下流域出口污染物的流失状况,选取降雨量>2mm的10场降雨,分析降雨径流特征对磷素流失的影响.结果表明,次降雨径流中总磷(TP)、颗粒态全磷(PP)、水溶性全磷(DP)、水溶性无机磷(DIP)浓度变化与流量变化过程不一致,浓度峰值均出现于流量峰值之前,而磷素通量与流量变化过程较为一致,且两者呈较好的线性关系;次降雨径流TP、PP、DP、DIP的浓度最大值及平均浓度(EMCs)差异均较大,其主要受降雨量、最大雨强和平均雨强影响,与降雨历时无显著相关关系,而浓度最小值差异较小;TP以PP流失为主,DP以DIP流失为主,DIP/DP的动态变化与降雨历时、降雨量、最大雨强和平均雨强均无显著相关关系,而PP/TP的动态变化与最大雨强显著相关.DIP、DP、TP的输出受地表径流(DR)和基流(BF)的影响较大,DIP/DP的动态变化及DIP、DP、TP的EMCs与DR/TR(地表径流/总径流量)存在多项式关系,而PP/TP的动态变化和PP的EMCs受DR/TR影响较小.     

直接大红4BE的磷钨酸均相光催化还原脱色

以磷钨酸(H3PW12O40,PW12)为光催化剂,异丙醇(Isopropanol)作为电子给体的条件下对偶氮染料直接大红4BE进行均相光催化还原脱色研究,考察PW12用量、IS浓度、直接大红4BE和盐浓度等因素的影响,结果表明杂多蓝(PW1-2)对直接大红4BE具有明显的还原脱色作用.pH=2.0,直接大红4BE初始浓度50 mg·L-1,PW12浓度为600 mg·L-1,IS浓度为0.13mol·L-1,50 min直接大红4BE的脱色率可达到90.39%.4BE的光催化还原脱色速率随PW12和IS浓度的增加而增加,最后趋于恒定;直接大红4BE初始浓度增加,其光反应一级速率常数降低;PW12、IS和4BE浓度之间存在交互影响.离子强度增加,4BE脱色速率减小,表现为负的盐效应,推测4BE与光反应生成的杂多蓝(PW1-2)进行复合,然后发生电子转移引起偶氮染料还原脱色和杂多蓝氧化复原.本研究结果表明PW12/IS/UV能够有效用于偶氮染料直接大红4BE的还原脱色处理.