利用静电旋风除尘器捕集亚微米粒子的研究

利用高场强静电旋风除尘器捕集柴油机排放的亚微米粒子,通过实验证实了,静电旋风除尘器可以有效捕集亚微米粒子。提出了对于该静电旋风除尘器,粒子的有效驱进速度与进口风速的关系式,这对于发展捕集亚微米粒子的静电旋风除尘器具有一定的参考价值。为控制柴油机的颗粒物排放提供了一个新的思路。     

一种新型静电强化旋风除尘器的研究

对一种新型电强化旋风除尘器模型进行了系统的实验研究 ,通过对这种旋风器加电前后各性能的实验测定和作用机理研究 ,总结出该型电旋风器的特点 ,并对电强化前后的总效率和分级效率作了分析 ,揭示出该型旋风器电强化方式的规律     

普通旋风除尘器结构尺寸优化设计

以Ｌｅｉｔｈ设计法为基础，考虑除尘效率和压降等因素的影响，以除尘效率为理想目标，以一些流体力学特性和实际限制、经验值为约束，建立数学模型，用数学规划论的方法进行旋风除尘器结构尺寸的优化，以此设计的旋风除尘器应用到现场既可节约投资，又可降低能耗，设计方法通用性好．     

旋风除尘器的压力损失及减阻措施

通过探讨引起旋风除尘器阻力损失的原因，提出了相应的减阻措施－安装导向板和内筒。     

Factors affecting the evacuation decisions of coastal households during Cyclone Aila in Bangladesh

Despite sincere efforts by concerned agencies and recent improvements in hazard warnings, thousands of at-risk people did not evacuate during Aila, a category-I tropical cyclone that struck southwestern coastal Bangladesh in 2009. This study investigated the responses of the people affected by Aila to cyclone warnings and associated evacuation orders, and unveiled behavioural aspects that explain why they did or did not comply with the evacuation orders. Utilising the primary data collected from 420 households living in the severely affected coastal sub-district Koyra, located in Khulna District, this study found that although more than 97% of the households had received cyclone warnings and evacuation orders before Aila's landfall, only around 26% had evacuated. We also examined this study's empirical findings for factors that had dissuaded people from complying with the evacuation orders. Relevant test statistics along with results from principal component analysis suggested that the significant and systematic absenteeism of households from disaster preparedness training appears to be one of the key determinants that affected their evacuation decisions, along with factors related to warning messages, the attributes of cyclone shelters, risk perception, and socioeconomic aspects. A number of recommendations are also presented in this study for people at risk to improve their evacuation rates in future emergencies, not only to save their own lives but also to save their livestock.     

影响红沿河核电厂区热带气旋特征及最大强度估算

红沿河核电厂区位于我国北方海域的辽东湾东海岸,经常受到北上热带气旋的侵袭和影响。观测和统计表明,在辽宁登陆的热带气旋,强度能够达到台风,不容忽略。影响红沿河的热带气旋基本出现在7、8月份,以进入渤海后向西北移动和穿越山东半岛向北在辽东半岛登陆的两类热带气旋对红沿河区域影响最大,建国56年来最强的热带气旋在红沿河附近区域造成的最大风速达到25～33m/s,极大风速达40m/s以上。使用概率论方法和梯度风公式估算红沿河核电厂区可能最大热带气旋的强度参数,得到:百年一遇的可能最低气压估值为961 hPa,最大风速为35.4m/s,极大风速为46.0m/s;千年一遇的可能最低气压估值为939 hPa,最大风速为42.2m/s,极大风速为54.9m/s。     

Cyclone shelters and their locational suitability: an empirical analysis from coastal Bangladesh

Bangladesh is one of the poorest and the most disaster‐prone countries in Asia; it is important, therefore, to know how its disaster reduction strategies are organised and planned. Cyclone shelters comprise a widely acceptable form of infrastructural support for disaster management in Bangladesh. This paper attempts to analyse empirically their use during cyclones in a sample study area along the southwest coastal belt of the country. It shows how the location of a cyclone shelter can determine the social power structure in coastal Bangladesh. The results reveal that the establishment of cyclone shelters in the studied communities is determined by neither a right‐based nor a demand‐based planning approach; rather, their creation is dependent on the socio‐political affluence of local‐level decision‐makers. The paper goes on to demonstrate that socially vulnerable households (defined, for example, by income or housing conditions) are afforded disproportionately less access to cyclone shelters as compared to less socially vulnerable households.     

直筒型导叶直流式三相旋流器排气管上部内流场的实验研究

使用五孔球探针对一种用于分离锅炉净化烟气中含尘液滴的直筒型导叶直流式三相旋流器排气管上部的气相流场进行了实验测定。得到了这一区域的速度和静压分布。发现了排气管上部筒体中心存在强烈的内旋流;外层气体不断汇入内旋流,内旋流呈轴向加速运动;绝大部分气体不经过排气管外环形空间下行直接由排气管排出。主体段切向速度为Rankine组合涡。     

65 t/h煤粉锅炉除尘脱硫系统技术改造

对某电厂65 t/h煤粉锅炉水膜除尘器进行了旋流板塔脱硫除尘一体化改造研究,使其在保持原有水膜除尘器特点和功能的情况下增加其脱硫功能,提高除尘效率.通过本改造工程设计实例,探讨了除尘脱硫装置的选择及影响除尘脱硫系统效率的参数.改造实际运行表明:改造方案是经济的,技术上是可行的,脱硫效率80%以上,除尘效果达99%以上.水膜旋流板除尘脱硫系统是一种高效率、改造简单、运行可靠的湿式除尘脱硫系统.     

海上油田含油污水旋流气浮一体化处理设备及其应用

低强度旋流离心力场与气浮组合是一种高效的含油污水处理技术,目前在国外已有较为成熟的产品,尤其是挪威M-I SWACO公司开发的Epcon紧凑型气浮装置已经在海上油田含油污水处理的应用方面取得了众多成功的案例。从Epcon紧凑型气浮装置的基本结构及其工作原理入手,简要叙述了该设备的工艺流程和性能特点,重点介绍了其在世界范围内尤其是在中国西江30-2采油平台上的测试和应用状况,最后介绍了新一代CFU设备的研发动向,为国内自主设计研发含油污水旋流气浮一体化处理设备提供必要的理论指导。