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991.
中国机动车行驶里程分布规律 总被引:11,自引:5,他引:6
机动车行驶里程是计算机动车尾气排放量的一个重要参数.对全国数百个地级及以上城市不同车龄的机动车(包括轻型客车、公交车、出租车和摩托车)行驶里程进行了调查.结果表明:除公交车外,其他机动车的累积行驶里程均随车龄而呈现对数递减性,即车龄越长机动车的累积行驶里程增加越慢,年使用率越小;某类型机动车车队的年均行驶里程与调查基准年的各车龄机动车的保有量相关;提出了轻型客车年行驶里程和车龄的经验公式,并得到2007年轻型客车的年均行驶里程为2.691×104km. 相似文献
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993.
J. Sedfrey S. Santiago Wilfred S. Manuela Jr. Marion Lara L. Tan Siegfried Kiel Sañez Aldo Zelig U. Tong 《Disasters》2016,40(4):644-667
Typhoon Haiyan struck the Philippines on 8 November 2013 with maximum sustained winds of 235 kilometres per hour, adversely affecting at least 11 million people and displacing some 673,000 in the central regions of the country. The disaster clearly overwhelmed the Philippine government despite its seemingly well‐crafted disaster management plan. Using timelines of different organisations, this paper identifies gaps in the government's response, mainly due to its failure in coordinating and managing relief operations, which adversely affected its effectiveness and efficiency in the delivery of critical goods and services following the disaster. The paper also demonstrates how non‐governmental organisations (NGOs), the United Nations, foreign governments and other organisations provided assistance, mainly through aid niching, to cover the government's shortcomings. The paper recommends a paradigm shift in the government's disaster response by integrating collaborative arrangements between government agencies and NGOs, and giving local governments the lead role, with the national government as support, in disaster planning and response. 相似文献
994.
Laura M. Stough Amy N. Sharp J. Aaron Resch Curt Decker Nachama Wilker 《Disasters》2016,40(3):387-410
This study examines how pre‐existing disabling conditions influenced the recovery process of survivors of Hurricane Katrina. It focuses specifically on the barriers that hindered the recovery process in these individuals. Focus groups were convened in four Gulf Coast states with 31 individuals with disabilities who lived in or around New Orleans, Louisiana, prior to Hurricane Katrina in August 2005. Qualitative data were analysed using grounded theory methodology. Five themes emerged as the most significant barriers to recovery: housing; transportation; employment; physical and mental health; and accessing recovery services. While these barriers to recovery were probably common to most survivors of the disaster, the research results suggest that disability status enhanced the challenges that participants experienced in negotiating the recovery process and in acquiring resources that accommodated their disabilities. The findings indicate that, when disaster recovery services and resources did not accommodate the needs of individuals with disabilities, recovery was hindered. Recovery efforts should include building accessible infrastructure and services that will allow for participation by all. 相似文献
995.
The nuclear disaster management system in Taiwan: a case study of the third (Maanshan) nuclear power plant 下载免费PDF全文
Yung‐Nane Yang 《Disasters》2016,40(3):534-553
This paper explores the effectiveness of the nuclear disaster management system in Taiwan via a review of the third (Maanshan) nuclear power plant. In doing so, the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in Japan on 11 March 2011 is reviewed and compared with the situation in Taiwan. The latter's nuclear disaster management system is examined with respect to three key variables: information; mobilisation; and inter‐organisational cooperation. In‐depth interviews with 10 policy stakeholders with different backgrounds serve as the research method. The results point up the need for improvement in all dimensions. In addition, they highlight three principal problems with the nuclear disaster management system: (i) it might not be possible to provide first‐hand nuclear disaster information immediately to the communities surrounding the Maanshan facility in Pingtung County, southern Taiwan; (ii) the availability of medical resources for treating radiation in Hengchun Township is limited; and (iii) the inter‐organisational relationships for addressing nuclear disasters need to be strengthened. Hence, cooperation among related organisations is necessary. 相似文献
996.
李玥 《防灾技术高等专科学校学报》2012,(1):89-91
网络环境下图书馆防灾减灾问题是必须引起人们足够重视的问题。通过对引起图书馆网络灾害的各种因素进行分析,从制度建设、网络业务人员的培训、制定应急预案、加大网络安全建设的投入、加强网络的软硬件管理和创建异地容灾系统等方面进行了网络环境下图书馆防灾减灾问题的探讨。 相似文献
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998.
美国的灾害应急管理及其对我国相关工作的启示 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
在介绍美国灾害应急管理体系的基础上,结合中国实际,对美国气象灾害应急管理工作进行了分析,并借鉴其成功经验,提出了建立和完善中国气象灾害应急机制的一些措施。认为广泛吸纳国际社会在灾害应急管理方面的成功模式和经验,形成具有中国特色的现代化气象灾害应急管理机制,从而进一步加快中国气象灾害管理体系的建设,是科学应对气象灾害,减少人民生命财产损失,实现国家安全和经济社会可持续发展的一个重要举措。 相似文献
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1000.