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991.
Survey of trace metals in drinking water supplied to rural populations in the eastern Llanos of Venezuela 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To ascertain the water quality for human consumption, chemical parameters such as pH, conductivity and total dissolved calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminum, zinc, copper and manganese were measured during four sampling periods (November 2002; March, May and July 2003) in drinking water wells which supply several forest camps and rural populations located in the eastern Llanos of Venezuela. Copper levels in drinking water in November 2002 were found to be significantly higher (P<0.05) than the other assessed periods. Temporal variations of the other parameters considered were not statistically significant. Calcium and magnesium concentrations were found to be extremely low (mean concentration+/-S.D. of 0.27+/-0.25mg/l for Ca and 0.219+/-0.118 for Mg) during the four sampling periods, probably because of the carbonate bearing scarcity in the soils lithic component. The rest of the metals complied with the Venezuelan and International guidelines of quality criteria for drinking water. 相似文献
992.
G.J. Lair M. Fiebig C.A.M. van Gestel S. Hohensinner K.C. Jones A.A. Koelmans A. Poot K.U. Totsche J.A.C. Barth 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(12):3336-3346
In many densely populated areas, riverine floodplains have been strongly impacted and degraded by river channelization and flood protection dikes. Floodplains act as buffers for flood water and as filters for nutrients and pollutants carried with river water and sediment from upstream source areas. Based on results of the EU-funded “AquaTerra” project (2004-2009), we analyze changes in the dynamics of European river-floodplain systems over different temporal scales and assess their effects on contaminant behaviour and ecosystem functioning. We find that human-induced changes in the hydrologic regime of rivers have direct and severe consequences on nutrient cycling and contaminant retention in adjacent floodplains. We point out the complex interactions of contaminants with nutrient availability and other physico-chemical characteristics (pH, organic matter) in determining ecotoxicity and habitat quality, and draw conclusions for improved floodplain management. 相似文献
993.
城市污水处理厂第二沉淀池出水的污染物浓度较低,经过矿化及灭菌等深度处理后可以回用,从而减轻对淡水资源的需求。本实验采用溶胶凝胶法制备了负载TiO2的浮石光催化剂,对城市污水处理厂第二沉淀池出水进行了矿化及灭菌处理研究。采用低压汞灯对处理水样照射2 h,有机物降解率可以达到50%,灭菌效率达到100%。处理后的水可以作为农作物灌溉、城市绿化和娱乐用水。负载在浮石表面的TiO2薄膜经过10次的光催化循环实验后,没有明显破损,可以再次循环使用。TiO2浮石具有质轻、机械性能好和价格低等优点,该方法处理废水的适用浓度低,可以广泛应用于微污染水和城市污水处理厂出水的深度处理。 相似文献
994.
995.
研究了上海市2条不同水源水厂配水管网中可同化有机碳(AOC)、三卤甲烷(THMs)和卤乙酸(HAAs)的变化情况,并对饮用水生物稳定性和消毒副产物间的相关性进行了分析.结果表明,管网中AOC和HAAs含量受余氯和微生物活动双重作用的影响,在距水厂较近、余氯较高的管网中,可能因氯与有机物继续反应出现上升,在余氯较低的管网末梢则因为微生物降解作用使含量下降;THMs含量则只受余氯的影响,随管网延伸持续增长.HAAs与AOC含量间存在较好的线形关系,前体物间具有相似性,THMs与AOC含量间呈正相关性;作为饮用水安全性的2个重要方面,生物稳定性和消毒副产物间具有内在的关联性. 相似文献
996.
997.
998.
《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):687-696
Organic amendments are sometimes applied to agricultural soils to improve the physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of the soils. The organic fractions in these soil amendments also influence metal reaction, particularly the adsorption and desorption of metals, which, in turn, determine the bioavailability of the metals and hence their phytotoxicities. In this study, a Quincy fine sandy (mixed, mesic, Xeric Torripsamments) soil was treated with 0 to 160 g kg?1 rates of either manure, sewage sludge (SS), or incinerated sewage sludge (ISS) and equilibrated in a greenhouse at near field capacity moisture content for 100 days. Following the incubation period, the soil was dried and adsorption of copper (Cu) was evaluated in a batch equilibration study at either 0, 100, 200, or 400 mg L?1 Cu concentrations in a 0.01M CaCl2 solution. The desorption of adsorbed Cu was evaluated by three successive elutions in 0.01M CaCl2. Copper adsorption increased with an increase in manure rates. At the highest rate of manure addition (160 g kg?1 soil), Cu adsorption was two-fold greater than that by the unamended soil at all rates of Cu additions. With increasing rates of Cu additions, the adsorption of Cu decreased from 99.4 to 77.6% of Cu applied to the 160 g kg?1 manure amended soil. The desorption of Cu decreased with an increase in rate of manure amendment. Effects of sewage sludge amendments on Cu adsorption were somewhat similar to those as described for manure additions. Likewise, the desorption of Cu was the least at the high rate of SS addition (160 g kg?1), although at the lower rates there was not a clear indication of the rate effects. In contrast to the above two amendments, the ISS amendment had the least effect on Cu adsorption. At the highest rate of ISS amendment, the Cu adsorption was roughly 50% of that at the similar rate of either manure or SS amendments, across all Cu rates. 相似文献
999.
探讨了温度、植物及不同湿地流态对稳定表流人工湿地中污泥的形成和组成的影响,并考察了湿地在污泥形成过程中的除污效果。结果表明,温度对VSS的影响较大,植物在污泥形成过程中对污泥量没有明显影响,但可以改变污泥组成,湿地流态对污泥形成和组成均有影响,湿地中污泥的含量为0.4~0.6 g/L;种植有风车草的推流挡板湿地(池5)总体效果相对较好;各稳定表流湿地出水水质基本达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)二级标准,污泥形成后TN和NH3-N的去除率均有提高。 相似文献
1000.
分别以生物陶粒和聚氨酯泡沫为生物滴滤塔填料,对甲苯废气进行处理,考察不同生物滴滤塔挂膜启动时间以及气体流量和甲苯质量浓度条件下生物滴滤塔对甲苯废气的去除效果。实验结果表明:生物陶粒为填料的生物滴滤塔所需要的挂膜启动时间更短;在气体流量为450L/h时,以生物陶粒为填料的生物滴滤塔甲苯去除率稳定在72%左右,聚氨酯泡沫为填料时甲苯去除率稳定在65%左右。以聚氨酯泡沫为填料时,随甲苯质量浓度提高,甲苯去除率下降幅度较小,甲苯质量浓度为1.80g/m3时,甲苯去除率仍在72%以上。 相似文献