基于堆肥技术的城市生活垃圾综合处理研究

对城市生活垃圾的处理进行了探讨.以垃圾的资源化为方向,提出了基于堆肥技术的城市生活垃圾综合处理技术.并对堆肥技术和堆肥产品作了探讨.     

Urban garbage disposal and management in China

This paper, probing into the present situation of urban domestic garbage by analyzing its growing trend, compositional change and regional difference, reveals the problems existing in its disposul and management in China. Meanwhile, a questionnaire was conducted in five big cities around China for surveying urban residents‘ attitudes towards garbage disposal and management policies and measures. Results showed the outlmt of urban domestic garbage in Chinese cities is ever increasing, and the recoverable materials and energy in garbage composition are also increasing. The population growth, economic development, and increase of residents‘ expenditure level are the main factors influencing the growing output and changing composition of the garbage. Information acquired from the questionnaire showed that majority of the urban residentsare in favor d the garbage reduction policies and managerial measures and are willing to collaborate with municipal government in battling against gadbage. Based on the analysis and questionnaire, some policymaking-oriented suggestions such as operating the garbage disposal from a social welfare service to a sector of profit-gaining enterprises, transferring the garbage management from passive end control to active source control,promoting the classified garbage collection in cities around China, and charging garbage fees for its cleanup and disposal, have also been put forward in the paper.     

Application of cleaner production technology in chemical industry: a near zero emission

The main objective of this study is to investigate and evaluate opportunities for implementation of pollution prevention and waste minimization in a chemical industrial company producing poly sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde which is used as a super plasticizer for concrete. Environmental problems encountered were mainly the highly polluted wastewater and a semi-solid cake containing considerable amount of the final product. Possible modules for remedial measures and their cost estimation were investigated. The proposed remedial modules included recycling of retained water discharge in filter press, recycling of washing water of reaction vessels (reactors), closed circuit cooling system for high-pressure pump, good housekeeping through control of leakage of raw material, products and water and finally utilization of retained residual product from the solid waste. The implemented pollution control measures proved to be cost effective and have short payback periods. Also, minimization of the hydraulic and organic loads in the final effluent was achieved.     

浅析石化工业有害固体废物区域性管理及处理处置

石化行业工业有害固体废物处理处理，与发达国家相比仍处于起步阶段，集团公司应坚持经济与环境双赢，减量化，无害化，资源化的原则，对工业有害固体物实施全面，系统的管理，积极推行固体废物集中处置设施的区域化，规模化，有效地控制排污总量，真正带动和改善区域环境质量，树立石化企业良好形象。     

废旧物资回收与固体废物资源化技术

综述了国内外固体废物资源化技术的若干进展,如热分解技术、焚烧回收、残渣利用等,并提出发展我国固体废物资源化技术的对策和建议。     

板料拉深成形润滑模式研究

对板料拉深成形中的两种常用润滑模式进行了研究 ,并按膜厚尺寸对这两种润滑模式进行分类。在分析其润滑机理的基础上提出一种复合润滑模式 ,这种润滑模式使液体润滑剂和微米级粉体两种润滑介质的优势互相补充。实验证明 ,具有很好的润滑效果。另外 ,提出纳米微粒添加剂在板料润滑中的应用前景     

膜-生物反应器处理高浓度生活污水的中试研究

通过对膜 生物反应器处理高浓度生活污水的中试试验进行了系统的研究 ,测定了试验条件下的膜 生物反应器对生活污水中各种污染物的去除效果     

中国城市生活垃圾对策研究

如何治理城市生活垃圾是全球各国迫切需要解决的焦点问题。我国亦然。因此 ,我国城市生活垃圾问题现已引起中央和各级政府高度重视和社会各界广泛关注。然而 ,我国现行的垃圾对策和管理模式已不适应解决这一问题 ,必须作根本性调整。经过调查研究 ,并借鉴国外经验提出我国城市生活垃圾的对策应为避免垃圾产生 ,即源头消减 ;其次是资源化和减量化 ,第三是无害化。     

竖直弯管中含固体颗粒分散泡状流冲蚀预测

目的研究竖直弯管在含固体颗粒分散泡状流下的冲蚀规律,探究管内气液分布、颗粒分布及三维冲蚀形貌之间的关系。方法提出基于VOF模型和DPM模型的瞬态冲蚀数值计算方法,利用Oka等人提出的冲蚀模型及Grant和Tabakoff提出的颗粒-壁面碰撞模型计算管壁冲蚀速率。结果基于VOF和DPM模型的CFD冲蚀计算结果与经验模型及简化CFD模型的计算结果相比,更接近实验值。分散泡状流中,固体颗粒大部分分散在液相中,管道不同截面处的含液率与颗粒粒含量相关性较大,下游直管段和弯头处固体颗粒的粒含量大于上游直管段。含固体颗粒弯管在分散泡状流作用下,冲蚀区域较大,冲蚀最严重位置出现在弯头出口处附近。结论含砂分散泡状流冲蚀条件下,竖直弯管冲蚀形貌与管内气液固分布直接相关,多相流冲蚀瞬态仿真方法可较准确计算气液固分布并预测管道冲蚀。     

膜生物反应器处理生活污水的膜污染研究

本文研究的是采用一体式膜生物反应器处理生活污水过程中膜污染问题.试验结果表明:运行初期,由于膜孔堵塞膜通量下降速率较快,但随着运行时间的延长,膜通量下降缓慢且趋于一定值,膜污染也基本保持稳定;膜生物反应器处理高效优质,出水水质不受冲击负荷的影响,膜对部分有机物的截留作用使系统对COD的去除率保持在较高水平上,但膜对总磷的去除不明显;污泥沉降性能与膜污染具有相关性,污泥沉降性能的恶化直接加剧了膜污染.