基于电生理信息的两种桑科植物叶片细胞代谢能比较

植物的细胞代谢能可以表征植物的生理活性和源库状况,而植物的细胞代谢能可由细胞的生理电容、生理电阻和生理阻抗来表征.本研究以桑科植物构树(Broussonetia papyrifera)和桑树(Morus alba)为例研究了不同夹持力下生理电阻、生理阻抗和生理电容的特征.先依据吉布斯自由能方程和Nernst方程构建模型...     

对城乡自然生态关系的认识

针对目前对城乡之间自然生态关系缺乏准确的研究现状，首次提出建立城乡自然生态关系概念的观点，认为在城市化和城市规划研究中应加强对城乡资源关系、资源利用关系、组成要素关系和要素感知关系等方面的研究，提出应充分认识利用这种关系。     

MAPPING REGIONAL PRECIPITATION INTENSITY DURATION FREQUENCY ESTIMATES1

ABSTRACT: For regional precipitation frequency analyses, methods are needed to spatially interpolate or smooth point intensity duration frequency (IDF) estimates at gage sites for the purposes of visualization and estimation at ungaged sites. In this study to update IDF estimates for Michigan, the assumption is made that for practical purposes, the entire state may be treated as a homogeneous region in which annual maximum precipitation is identically distributed at each site apart from a site‐specific scaling factor, commonly known as the index flood. Several interpolation and smoothing techniques are evaluated for IDF estimation at ungaged sites, including trend surface analysis, thin plate splines, inverse distance weighting, and several kriging algorithms. Ordinary block kriging is recommended as a practical and objective method for smoothing the variability in the index flood values and developing isopluvial maps.     

脂肪酸类物质的抑藻效应及其构效关系

研究了17种脂肪酸对产毒铜绿微囊藻、蛋白核小球藻以及斜生栅藻的抑制效应,比较了脂肪酸抑藻的构效关系.结果表明,17种脂肪酸单独作用对研究的3种藻均有一定的抑制作用,但对产毒铜绿微囊藻的抑制作用最强.脂肪酸类物质抑藻效应与其化学结构密切相关,脂肪酸不饱和程度越高抑制作用越佳,碳链越短抑藻效果越好,奇数碳脂肪酸的抑藻效果好于偶数碳脂肪酸.多种脂肪酸联合抑藻具有协同抑制作用.     

Interdependence with the environment: Commitment,interconnectedness, and environmental behavior

Do individuals’ perceptions of their interdependence with the natural environment affect their environmental behaviors? From the perspective of interdependence theory, we introduce a scale to measure commitment to the natural environment. In Study 1, higher levels of commitment to the environment and greater inclusion of nature in the self separately predicted higher levels of pro-environmental behavior, even when controlling for social desirability and ecological worldview. In Study 2, participants primed to experience high commitment to the environment reported greater levels of pro-environmental behavioral intentions as well as pro-environmental behavior relative to participants primed to experience low commitment to the environment. Commitment to the natural environment is a new theoretical construct that predicts environmental behavior.     

Multivariate analysis of spatial patterns: a unified approach to local and global structures

We propose a new approach to the multivariate analysis of data sets with known sampling site spatial positions. A between-sites neighbouring relationship must be derived from site positions and this relationship is introduced into the multivariate analyses through neighbouring weights (number of neighbours at each site) and through the matrix of the neighbouring graph. Eigenvector analysis methods (e.g. principal component analysis, correspondence analysis) can then be used to detect total, local and global structures. The introduction of the D-centring (centring with respect to the neighbouring weights) allows us to write a total variance decomposition into local and global components, and to propose a unified view of several methods. After a brief review of the matrix approach to this problem, we present the results obtained on both simulated and real data sets, showing how spatial structure can be detected and analysed. Freely available computer programs to perform computations and graphical displays are proposed.     

论人的个体发展与整体发展的统一

本文论述了人的全面发展是个体发展与整体发展的统一，个体的发展是整体发展的基础，整体发展是个体发展的必然结果．提出了人类通过实践、创新、发展生产力，提高人的素质，促进人的全面发展．     

Putting Density Back into the Habitat‐Quality Equation: Case Study of an Open‐Nesting Forest Bird

Abstract: Ecological traps and other cases of apparently maladaptive habitat selection cast doubt on the relevance of density as an indicator of habitat quality. Nevertheless, the prevalence of these phenomena remains poorly known, and density may still reflect habitat quality in most systems. We examined the relationship between density and two other parameters of habitat quality in an open‐nesting passerine species: the Ovenbird (Seiurus aurocapilla). We hypothesized that the average individual bird makes a good decision when selecting its breeding territory and that territory spacing reflects site productivity or predation risk. Therefore, we predicted that density would be positively correlated with productivity (number of young fledged per unit area). Because individual performance is sensitive to events partly determined by chance, such as nest predation, we further predicted density would be weakly correlated or uncorrelated with the proportion of territories fledging young. We collected data in 23 study sites (25 ha each), 16 of which were located in untreated mature northern hardwood forest and seven in stands partially harvested (treated) 1–7 years prior to the survey. Density explained most of the variability in productivity (R²= 0.73), and there was no apparent decoupling between density and productivity in treated plots. In contrast, there was no significant relationship between density and the proportion of territories fledging ≥1 young over the entire breeding season. These results suggest that density reflects habitat quality at the plot scale in this study system. To our knowledge this is one of the few studies testing the value of territory density as an indicator of habitat quality in an open‐nesting bird species on the basis of a relatively large number of sizeable study plots.     

苯砜基化合物溶解度和分配系数的测定与估算

本文应用线溶剂化能相关法研究了３２种类砜基化合物的溶解度及分配系数与溶剂化显色参数之间的相关性，结果表明，溶解度和分配系数与溶剂化显色参数呈良好的线性关系，测定值与估算值吻合得很好。