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551.
A process model of employee engagement: The learning climate and its relationship with extra‐role performance behaviors 下载免费PDF全文
Employee engagement has recently been introduced as a concept advantageous to organizations. However, little is known about the value of employee engagement in explaining work performance behaviors compared with similar concepts. The learning climate, defined as the organization's beneficial activities in helping employees create, acquire, and transfer knowledge, has also been proposed as an antecedent of employee engagement. Using data from a sample of 625 employees and their supervisors in various occupations and organizations throughout Israel, we investigated employee engagement as a key mechanism for explaining the relationship between perceptions of the organization's learning climate and employees' proactivity, knowledge sharing, creativity, and adaptivity. We also tested whether employee engagement explained the relationship more thoroughly than similar concepts such as job satisfaction and job involvement. Multilevel regression analyses supported our hypotheses that employee engagement mediates the relationship between the perceived learning climate and these extra‐role behaviors. Moreover, engagement provides a more thorough explanation than job satisfaction or job involvement for these relationships. The implications for organizational theory, research, and practice are discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
552.
A methodology to clarify logical relationship among failure modes and determine system probabilities
In the vulnerability analysis, correlations among failure modes have significant effects on the estimation of failure probabilities. However, the failure modes were assumed to be independent with each other or only parts of dependencies of failure modes were considered, which might lead to inaccurate results. In the present study, a novel methodology to clarify the entire logical relationship among failure modes and determine system probabilities is developed. Firstly, based on the form-changed limit state equations (LSEs) of failure modes, the LSE surfaces or curves are plotted. Subsequently, the logical relationship among failure modes can be identified with the LSE surfaces or curves. The system consequences are further developed by the logical relationship. Bayesian network (BN) is constructed with the input of logical relationship into arcs. With BN considering logical relationship, the occurrence probabilities of failure modes are calculated and system probabilities are estimated more accurately, which are verified well with Monte Carlo simulation and analytical solution. Furthermore, the detailed compositions of occurrence probabilities of failure modes are specified by the system probabilities. The methodology is illustrated by a case study. This study can be applied to the vulnerability analysis of various hazards or disasters as long as LSEs for corresponding failure modes can be developed. 相似文献
553.
以江苏省河流湖泊为研究对象,选取不同水体代表性点位,运用多生境采样法和形态学鉴定获取淡水大型底栖无脊椎动物的物种数及对应的采样面积,拟合实际结果的物种数与面积关系对数函数曲线。所研究采样量包括采样面积值、样方及样带数。研究发现,不同水体点位最适采样量面积为1.45~12.75 m2,样方及样带总数为6~16个,其要求十分耗时耗力。为解决这一问题,以物种数与面积关系对数函数的一阶导数曲线y≈1值为临界点,提出"高效采样量"概念,并提出3条采样原则供讨论。同时得到江苏地区高效采样量:涉水可过河流采样面积为1.36 m2,涉水不可过河流采样面积为1.5 m2,不可涉水河流和浅水湖泊采样面积为1.75 m2,均需采集4个样方,1个样带。 相似文献
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555.
黄土高原沟道农业是现代人地关系耦合发展的一种新兴农业地域类型,其可持续发展对于区域农业提质增效、乡村振兴和黄河流域高质量发展具有重大现实意义。本文基于人地系统科学原理阐述了沟道农业的概念内涵、科学认知、优化模式及其保障政策。结果表明:(1)沟道农业可持续性应遵从“要素—系统”到“结构—功能”,注重“沟坡水土保持、流域生态建设与区域乡村振兴”的多目标有机结合。同时,处理好宏观与微观效益的关系以及不同尺度的沟道水土构型、农田景观、农业系统的层次体系,深化贯通式研究,全面揭示沟道农业发展演变过程及其微观作用机理。(2)总结了沟道农业优化模式,搭建了不同模式的框架图,建议完善相关的技术与制度保障体系,以支撑实现区域乡村振兴和黄河流域高质量发展目标。(3)新时期黄土高原现代沟道农业高质量发展应立足于人地系统科学前沿,全面构建现代沟道农业系统理论与方法,深入探究优化沟道农业生产方式和创新经营管理模式的新途径。(4)基于要素流、产业链、流通网,面向SDGs目标和乡村振兴、粮食与生态安全,深入探究不同尺度沟道农业状态评估与情景模拟,服务支撑区域现代化建设决策。黄土高原沟道农业系统特征与优化模式研究,是推动农业地理学研究理论与方法创新,进而为黄土高原农业高质量发展提供科学依据的重要途径。 相似文献