船舶撞击下10 MW单桩基础风机动力响应特性分析

目的 探究风机在遭遇船舶撞击时的动力响应,以及不同工况下的失效模式。方法 采用 SACS 软件,建立DTU 10MW单桩基础风机的动力分析模型,并利用p-y曲线模拟桩土相互作用,计算不同撞击速度、撞击角度、风载方向作用下海上风机的动态响应,探究风机在停机工况和运行工况下的失效模式。结果 风机受风载作用时,最大机舱加速度和塔顶最大位移分别较无风载时增加了8.5%、68.1%。以5 000 t撞击船为例,风机在停机状态下,撞击速度超过2.13 m/s时,风机面临因机舱故障而引发的失效;风机在运行状态下,撞击速度超过1.88 m/s时,风机面临因挠度超过最大允许值而引发的失效。结论 有、无风载时,机舱加速度响应的差异不明显,而有风载时的塔顶位移较无风载时增长明显。根据风机在停机工况和运行工况下的失效模式,提出了相应的船舶撞击速度临界值。     

混碱调控剩余污泥碱性发酵实现LDHs高效提取短链脂肪酸

氢氧化钙调控剩余污泥碱性发酵,可有效提高发酵液原位合成层状双金属氢氧化物(LDHs)提取短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)的效率.本文拟利用氢氧化钙和氢氧化钠混碱调控剩余污泥碱性发酵,提高发酵过程SCFAs产量,进一步提高SCFAs提取效率.通过配置不同氢氧化钠和氢氧化钙混合比例的碱液,用于调控剩余污泥碱性发酵实验,发现混碱比例为25∶75时,可避免钙离子对污泥水解产酸影响,发酵液中SCFAs浓度达到6581.4 mg·L~(-1)(以每COD计,下同),是空白对照组(4179.4 mg·L~(-1))的1.6倍.同时,碱液提供的钙离子可将污泥发酵过程释放的无机阴离子去除,CO■、PO■浓度分别低至3.7 mmol·L~(-1)和0.5 mg·L~(-1).利用氢氧化钠和氢氧化钙调控剩余污泥进行混碱厌氧发酵,可有效提高SCFAs的产量,消除主要无机阴离子对发酵液原位合成层状双金属氢氧化物(LDHs)提取SCFAs的干扰,合成的LDHs中SCFAs的含量为52.3 mg·g~(-1) LDHs,是空白组(18.9 mg·g~(-1)LDHs)的2.8倍.     

Minute chromatin structures in cells of amniotic fluid—an interpretative dilemma

Single copies of tiny chromosome fragments, appearing either as single or as double minutes, were observed in a high frequency in amniotic fluid cultures of five mothers who underwent prenatal testing because of advanced age. In four cases, the minutes had arisen de novo. The minutes were later confirmed in fetal skin following termination of pregnancy in one case; in another, in cord blood following the birth of a normal boy; and in the third, in peripheral blood of a normal 3-year-old girl. In the fourth case, the minutes were not confirmed in cord blood following the birth of a normal boy. A follow-up chromosome study of the baby boy in the fifth case was not possible but the minutes were maternally transmitted.     

Monitoring toxics by group testing

Monitoring the environment for a large list of organic compounds present at low levels is costly. The primary purpose of such monitoring is to assure that hazardous levels of such compounds are not released into, or present in, the environment. Viewing this as a quality control problem, we suggest that samples from different sources can be composited using group testing procedures prior to analysis. Our purpose is to describe the basic concepts and suggest problems requiring study.     

pH对Cd~(2+)离子在δ-MnO_2上的吸附与解吸的影响

研究了pH值对δ-MnO2对模拟废水中Cd2+的吸附作用的影响,当pH<2.3时,吸附率仅为20%,pH>5时Cd2+的吸附率在96%以上;吸附过程为非特性吸附,可以用Elovich方程和双速率方程来描述。吸附后δ-MnO2在pH<2.05时可以有效的解吸,解吸率约为75%。     

镁铝LDH制备表征及吸附磷酸根离子的性能研究

采用共沉淀法制备碳酸型及硝酸型Mg-Al-LDH(层状双氢氧化物)粉体,并对两种不同阴离子的LDH样品进行X射线衍射(XRD)及红外光谱表征;又将其作为吸附剂,对水中磷酸根离子的去除性能进行了系统研究。实验结果表明,两种LDH的晶体结构基本相似;其对废水中磷酸根离子具有很好的去除效果,且碳酸型LDH除磷效果更佳。通过对模拟废水及实际废水进行吸附实验,得到了LDH除磷的最佳条件。镁铝LDH在废水除磷方面具有较好的应用前景。     

双碱法烟气脱硫在供热行业的应用及减排效果

“十二五”期间,新疆面临控制新污染、解决老污染的双重压力,SO2总量控制任务十分艰巨。本文通过对新疆供热行业的现状分析,从经济、运行效果、投资、管理等方面进行双碱法烟气脱硫在供热行业应用的分析,提出在新疆推行供热行业烟气脱硫的可行性措施,为新疆“十二五”期间SO2减排工作建言献策。     

水溶液中腐殖酸和苯酚在ZH-02树脂上的双组分吸附

通过苯甲酰基修饰的苯乙烯-二乙烯苯吸附树脂ZH-02对水中腐殖酸和苯酚进行了单组分和双组分的静态吸附.结果表明,在腐殖酸为主要吸附质的二元组分溶液中,对苯酚的吸附量的影响可以利用IAST模型进行预测;而在不存在主要吸附质的二元溶液中,可以用单组分体系的平衡吸附量近似预算双组分竞争体系时各组分的平衡吸附量.     

综掘巷道超前支护装备双组支撑支护特性实验研究

为提高综掘巷道的掘进效率、改善支护工艺,设计一种用于综掘巷道迎头顶板支护的迈步式超前支护装备。通过对装备工作原理的分析,建立其三维模型。为检验装备的支护效果,设计了支护特性实验方案,构建实验平台,基于实验平台进行了双组支撑状态下的支护实验。实验结果表明:顶板上离固支边越远处动态位移变形量越大,接触力波动也越大; 在双组支撑状态下,顶板变形量最大达到9 mm,接触力最大幅值达到5.84 kN,位置均为顶板纵向中线位置处,在被支护后,该位置最迟趋于稳定; 在双组支撑状态下,顶板变形及接触力经历2~3 s波动后都将趋于平稳; 超前支护装备对顶板的稳定性能起到良好的控制作用,能提高顶板的安全性,为后续产品研发及工业实验提供依据。     

Looking forward: Disasters at 40

This paper reflects on contemporary studies of and responses to disasters, highlighting the importance of historical, spatial, and intersectional modes of analysis, and draws on the author's ongoing research on Southern‐led and local community responses to displacement in the Middle East. Acknowledging the plurality of ‘international communities of response’, it begins by critiquing the depiction of selected responses to disasters as ‘positive’ ‘paradigm shifts’, including in reference to the ‘localisation of aid, and the United Nations’ Regional Refugee and Resilience Plan for Syria. Next it turns to three key themes that are central to disasters studies: migration; forced displacement; and Southern‐led responses to disasters. Among other things, the paper argues that exploring the principles and modalities of South–South cooperation, rather than promoting the incorporation of Southern actors into the ‘international humanitarian system’ via the localisation agenda, presents a critical opportunity for studies of and responses to disasters.