硫酸盐还原菌颗粒污泥形成条件研究

在生物反应器中培养出高活性的生物相是使其稳定、高效运行的关键．在上流式厌氧污泥床反应器中,对硫酸盐还原菌颗粒污泥形成过程及形成条件进行了研究,结果表明,在中温（35 ±1 ℃） 条件下,当进水SO^2-₄ 小于1600mg/L、COD/SO^2-₄大于3 时,控制反应器污泥负荷大于0.3kgsO^2-₄/kg Vss·d 、水力负荷为0.2m³/m²·h 有利于颗粒污泥的形成和生长．     

低温低C/N比复合A~2/O启动实验研究

研究了低温低碳氮比条件下好氧段添加AquaMat(s阿科蔓)的A2/O工艺的挂膜启动实验。结果表明:在环境温度为10¹2℃,C/N为3.5左右的条件下,当系统HRT为10 h,SRT为15 d,污泥回流比为100%,硝化液回流比为200%,好氧段DO在212℃,C/N为3.5左右的条件下,当系统HRT为10 h,SRT为15 d,污泥回流比为100%,硝化液回流比为200%,好氧段DO在2³ mg/L,初始MLSS为4 000 mg/L时,好氧段阿科蔓经30 d左右挂膜成功。系统对COD,氨氮,总氮的去除率分别达到90%、97%、60%。对总磷的去除率低且不稳定。实验研究了挂膜过程中COD、氨氮、硝酸盐氮、总氮、总磷、ORP、MLSS及微生物相的变化规律并分析了变化原因。     

圆管弯曲加工过程的数值模拟

采用显式有限元分析软件LS -DYNA ,对于圆形钢管的弯曲加工过程进行数值模拟。圆管弯曲加工模型是常见的回转引伸弯曲加工方式 ,并在分析模型中考虑了阻止钢管在弯曲加工过程中起皱和截面扁平化的芯轴 ,以及为了防止钢管弯曲的外侧的壁厚过分减薄在钢管的末端加上压力。通过数值模拟得到管壁的最大减薄和增厚部位 ,并讨论了芯轴的摩擦系数和钢管末端的压力对管壁厚度变化的影响。     

东北地区2002年春季沙尘暴的物质特征和成因分析

沙尘暴是东北地区冬春季一种常见的灾害性天气,研究东北地区沙尘颗粒的特征,来源和成因是防止沙尘暴的关键.通过对东北地区2002年春季沙尘暴物质的粒度分析和孢粉分析,发现沙尘暴物质中孢粉丰富,主要以草本中的蒿属和藜科为主.沙尘颗粒的中值粒径为10～20μm. 通过粒度分布曲线和孢粉组合可以从新的角度分析沙尘来源.通过对扬沙和沙尘暴季节分布规律,多年分布规律和地质历史时期及人类历史时期的出现规律的研究,发现东北地区扬沙沙尘暴以冬春型为主,50年中冬春季发生沙尘天气的次数占总次数的75%.在地质历史时期和人类历史时期扬沙和沙尘暴就频繁出现,50年来,扬沙和沙尘暴在波动中减少,2000年开始在东北地区扬沙和沙尘暴出现频率增强.东北地区扬沙和沙尘暴出现频次、强度和分布的南界受冬季风强度控制,冷干组合是沙尘暴高发的有利条件.     

Short-term effects of drawing water for connectivity of rivers and lakes on zooplankton community structure

During 28-29,September 2005,water was drawn from Hanjiang River and Houguan Lake to the Yangzi River via Sanjiao Lake and Nantaizi Lake in Wuhan in order to provide favorable conditions for ecosystem restoration.To evaluate the feasibility and validity of drawing water as a means of ecosystem restoration,zooplankton populations were studied 3 times (before,immediately after finishing and a month after drawing water)at seven locations from 27 Sept.2005 to 2 Nov.2005.Water quality in the lakes was mostly improved and zooplankton species richness decreased as soon as drawing water had finished but increased a month after drawing water.Zooplankton density and biomass was reduced in the lakes by drawing water but was increased at the entrance to Sanjiao Lake because of landform geometry change.Before drawing water,most species in Sanjiao lake e.g.,Brachionus sp.and Keratella sp.were tolerant of contamination.After drawing water oligotrophic-prone species such as Lecane ludwigii and Gastropus stylifer emerged.We conclude that drawing water could be important for improving water quality and favour ecosystem restoration.Dilution of nutrient concentrations may be an important role in the effect.     

一种新型高铺展性水成膜泡沫的性质以及灭火性能研究

介绍了一种自制的多组分水成膜泡沫溶液,并对该泡沫溶液的各种性能(表面张力,铺展性,灭火性能等)进行了表征,同时与传统的水成膜泡沫进行了对比.试验结果表明,该泡沫溶液的表面张力和界面张力很低.极低的表面和界面张力导致该泡沫在液体燃料表面具有很强的铺展性,能在极短的时间内在燃料表面铺展成一层液膜,使燃料表面迅速隔氧降温,从而达到迅速灭火的作用.在通过压缩空气泡沫系统进行灭火的试验中,不论泡沫浓度处于3%或6%,在液体流量较大的情况下,该泡沫对标准柴油火的熄灭时间都在3秒之内.另外,泡沫溶液的铺展性和所形成的泡沫的灭火性能的试验结果表明水成膜泡沫的灭火速率主要是由其在燃料表面形成水膜的速率决定,而形成水膜的速率主要是由泡沫溶液的铺展速率、即铺展性决定的.     

The portrayal of disaster in Western fine art

This paper surveys the depiction of disaster in Western art over the centuries. Emphasis is placed on the Italian tradition, as Italy is a country that has a rich experience of both artistic developments and disasters and has provided inspiration to artists from other countries. The survey begins with Classical art and continues with the Mediaeval fresco tradition. The vision of disaster was expanded when naturalism was introduced into art during the Renaissance. Whereas earthquakes had been a prime motivation for artistic representations in the Mediaeval period, during the Baroque volcanic eruptions seem to have been more popular, especially given the remarkable artistic output around Mount Vesuvius in the 18th century. Marine painters concentrated on storm and shipwreck, but often with delineations of extreme atmospheric phenomena. In the 19th century John Martin and others painted the Apocalypse. In the 20th century, Expressionism favoured lively depictions of natural hazards and so, surprisingly, did certain forms of metaphysical abstraction. Disaster has been seen in Western fine art in six ways: as spectacle, as allegory (through Classical mythology or Biblical drama), as a votive instrument of atonement, as a visual commemoration of an extreme event, and as a dramatization of a metaphysical proposition.     

直齿轮成形数值模拟及实验研究

此文针对塑性挤压成形直齿轮时,齿端局部的充角比较困难的问题提出了两种解决方案:一是采取一定的工艺措施,尽量减少单纯为了局部充角而产生的塑性变形;二是制造多向流动的成形环境,使材料的多向流动改变局部充角时的应力状态。为了比较准确的掌握各工艺参数之间的关系,此文采用了上限元法(UBET)对直齿轮的挤压成形过程进行了正-反向模拟并且进行了优化计算。此文用工业纯铅对m=3,Z=18的直齿轮进行了实验。     

盒形件拉深模CAD系统研究

此文介绍了作者自行开发的盒形件拉深模CAD系统的组成、功能以及编程中的若干技术问题。该系统人机对话界面友好,整个设计过程程序化程度高。系统运行时只需输入工件特征数据就可根据人机对话和菜单选项完成整个设计过程,最后输出工件图、毛坯图、排样图、工序图、模具零件图及总装图。