境外钻井项目HSSE管理体系建立与运行

介绍了境外钻井项目HSSE体系的策划及构架,提出了体系建立和运行的具体做法和建议。     

Soil microbial response to waste potassium silicate drilling fluid

Potassium silicate drilling fluids (PSDF) are a waste product of the oil and gas industry with potential for use in land reclamation. Few studies have examined the influence of PSDF on abundance and composition of soil bacteria and fungi. Soils from three representative locations for PSDF application in Alberta, Canada, with clay loam, loam and sand textures were studied with applications of unused, used once and used twice PSDF. For all three soils, applying ≥40 m³/ha of used PSDF significantly affected the existing soil microbial flora. No microbiota was detected in unused PSDF without soil. Adding used PSDF to soil significantly increased total fungal and aerobic bacterial colony forming units in dilution plate counts, and anaerobic denitrifying bacteria numbers in serial growth experiments. Used PSDF altered bacterial and fungal colony forming unit ratios of all three soils.     

Soil microbial response to waste potassium silicate drilling fluid

Potassium silicate drilling fluids(PSDF) are a waste product of the oil and gas industry with potential for use in land reclamation. Few studies have examined the influence of PSDF on abundance and composition of soil bacteria and fungi. Soils from three representative locations for PSDF application in Alberta, Canada, with clay loam, loam and sand textures were studied with applications of unused, used once and used twice PSDF. For all three soils, applying ≥ 40 m3/ha of used PSDF significantly affected the existing soil microbial flora. No microbiota was detected in unused PSDF without soil. Adding used PSDF to soil significantly increased total fungal and aerobic bacterial colony forming units in dilution plate counts, and anaerobic denitrifying bacteria numbers in serial growth experiments.Used PSDF altered bacterial and fungal colony forming unit ratios of all three soils.     

煤巷掘进跨步预抽煤层瓦斯技术研究与应用

在采取瓦斯抽采安全技术措施情况下,针对煤巷掘进难以实现煤层的边掘边抽问题,提出煤巷掘进跨步预抽煤层瓦斯的方法。该方法利用钻场抽采孔在始端汇集末端发散的分布特点,通过钻场沿煤巷掘进方向的前后错位及钻孔布置的优化设计,实现钻孔在工作面前方煤体密集段与分散段的交错重叠,保障煤巷掘进控制区煤体瓦斯的无死角连续抽采及煤巷的持续掘进。现场试验表明:该技术在掘进面前方煤体具有较好的抽采效果,成功实现了煤巷的连续不间断掘进,在煤巷掘进期间未发生工作面瓦斯涌出事故及煤与瓦斯突出征兆。该技术为高瓦斯矿井及按突出矿井管理的煤层实现煤巷的边掘边抽提供了借鉴。     

钻井泥浆固化处置对地表水环境影响

选取四川省境内比较有代表性的5处井场,通过进行不同水泥固化剂处理效果的对比,包括固化体样品性状对比及固化体浸出液污染因子监测数据对比,分析以水基泥浆为原泥浆的钻井废泥浆固化处理工艺的效果,以及现有常用固化处置对周边地表水环境的影响。     

废钻井液絮凝处理过程中电毛细吸水时间研究

针对采用z电位研究废弃钻井液,特别是固相含量高的体系(废钻井液)中颗粒表面电化学性质存在测定ζ电位困难的问题,试验研究了表征泥浆絮凝处理脱稳后过滤特性及渗水能力的电毛细吸水时间(CST)值的特性,CST值的大小能直观地反映脱稳情况进而确定絮凝剂的絮凝性能。CST越小,说明了絮凝的效果越好,过滤特性越好,易于脱水;通过CST—絮凝剂浓度曲线可筛选最佳絮凝剂及其浓度。本研究对处理废钻井液具有理论和实践指导意义。     

利用发光海藻快速检测钻井液毒性

借助一种发光海藻Pyrocystislunula可以快速、准确地对钻井液毒性进行检测和评价，利用此原理设计的便携式毒性测试仪已经问世。文章介绍该方法的检测原理和步骤，并对该领域最新的研究成果及发展趋势进行了概述与讨论。     

混凝沉降-微电解-催化氧化法处理钻井废水

采用混凝沉降-微电解-催化氧化法对钻井废水进行处理,筛选出最佳的工艺条件。实验结果表明,该法可使原水的CODCr从5846 mg/L降至150 mg/L以下,色度去除率达到100%,出水达到排放标准。混凝沉降-微电解-催化氧化法对于处理高CODCr、高色度钻井废水是行之有效的,具有广阔的应用前景。     

工作安全分析在钻井作业现场的应用

在分析工作安全分析与工艺危害分析特点的基础上,阐述了工作安全分析在钻井作业现场实施的步骤、通过实践取得的成效以及注意事项,为高风险企业如何控制员工行为安全、提高员工安全意识和技能提供参考。     

海上油田废弃钻井液的毒性评价及无害化处理技术研究进展

作为海上油田开发过程中产生的一种主要污染物,废弃钻井液成分复杂,并含有多种有毒有害物质,实现其无害化处理对保护海洋生态环境健康具有重要意义。本文在分析海上废弃钻井液化学组分及其危害的基础上,综述了国内外在废弃钻井液生物毒性评价及其无害化处理方面的研究进展,并指出针对海洋生态系统建立快速灵敏的多生物能级的钻井液毒性评价方法、开发低毒无害的钻井液体系、提高钻井液循环利用率是今后研究中应重点关注的方向。