处理高浓度粉尘的除尘器的选择

密相干塔烟气脱硫工艺是一种半于法烟气脱硫工艺,布袋除尘器用来处理该系统中的高浓度粉尘,在国内还没有广泛地应用.通过对布袋除尘器和静电除尘器的技术经济比较,说明布袋除尘器优于静电除尘器,并通过中试验证布袋除尘器在此工艺中的适用性.     

废水厌氧处理工艺的发展

分析了厌氧工艺的产生和发展的原因,介绍了厌氧反应器的第1代、第2代和第3代反应器的发展内容和过程.     

中国厨余垃圾处理技术及资源化方案选择

介绍了中国厨余垃圾的产量及特征,分析了厨余垃圾粉碎直排、填埋、焚烧、饲料、昆虫养殖、堆肥、转换能源和高值化利用处理技术的现状及优缺点,表明厨余垃圾资源化处理是未来的发展趋势,其中饲料化应是未来值得提倡的资源化技术之一.此外,对比了厌氧消化和好氧堆肥两大主流资源化模式的特点,厌氧消化和好氧堆肥分别适用于集中大规模处理和分...     

厌氧折流板污泥对偶氮染料酸性大红GR的生物降解性能研究

研究了厌氧折流板反应器（ABR）活性厌氧污泥对偶氮染料酸性大红GR的吸附与生物降解性能,并与失活污泥进行了对比。试验结果表明,35℃时厌氧活性污泥2h、12h、6d的脱色率分别为78.2%、86.0%、98.9%。无论在反应初始阶段还是稳定阶段,ABR活性厌氧污泥对染料的去除效果都明显优于失活污泥。而且在初始COD为1152mg/L的,由于非有效吸附位置染料脱落等原因,反应期间,失活污泥混合液中染料浓度还会升高。情况下,活性厌氧污泥混合液出水COD为86.0mg/L,去除率约为92.5%。这说明ABR厌氧污泥微生物在短时间内便可以得到驯化,一旦厌氧微生物适应生长环境,生物降解便开始对染料发挥作用。     

循环流化床锅炉传统干法脱硫缺陷的分析与改进

结合兖矿国宏化工公司2台160t／h循环流化床锅炉脱硫工艺,从脱硫效率、系统维护、运行成本等方面进行循环流化床锅炉传统干法脱硫缺陷分析,提出了系统改进措施。     

不同来源污泥接种餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢效果研究

在相同接种配比(接种污泥占餐厨垃圾的质量分数为30%)条件下,研究了4种不同来源污泥(压滤污泥、厌氧污泥、曝气污泥和河底淤泥)添加或不添加缓冲剂时对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢效果的影响.结果发现,在不添加缓冲剂时.4种污泥接种餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵平均产氢量依次为厌氧污泥>河底淤泥>压滤污泥>曝气污泥,接种厌氧污泥的餐厨垃圾平均产氢量最高,达10.11mL(以每克挥发性固体(VS)计,下同);而添加缓冲剂时.4种污泥接种餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵平均产氢量依次为厌氧污泥>曝气污泥>压滤污泥>河底淤泥,接种厌氧污泥的餐厨垃圾平均产氢量也最高,为33.72 mL,且体系pH得以缓冲.     

ICSTD反应器处理污泥的启动试验研究

新型内循环污泥浓缩消化反应器（ICSTD）处理污泥的启动运行试验采用某污水处理厂二沉池好氧活性污泥进行驯化培养,使反应器正常启动运行。在日处理量为50 L/d,进泥含水率为99.23％～99.46％,进泥VS/TS为0.65～0.73,进泥COD为4 115～5 780 mg/L,反应器容积负荷为1.31 kg COD/(m³·d)时,排泥含水率在96.2％～97.3％,排泥VS/TS为0.48～0.57,COD去除率在95％以上,出水pH在6.6～7.1,且上清液澄清。试验结果表明： ICSTD反应器处理污泥的启动试验,采用直接培养污泥启动的方式培养厌氧污泥历时66 d,能较快地培养厌氧污泥且运行稳定,对污泥的浓缩消化起到较好的作用,同时对反应器后续运行的消化效果提供了一个良好的条件。     

Start-up performances of dry anaerobic mesophilic and thermophilic digestions of organic solid wastes

Two dry anaerobic digestions of organic solid wastes were conducted for 6 weeks in a lab-scale batch experiment for investigating the start-up performances under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. The enzymatic activities, i.e., β-glucosidase, N-α-benzoyl-Largininamide （BAA）-hydrolysing protease, urease and phosphatase activities were analysed. The BAA-hydrolysing protease activity during the first 2-3 weeks was low with low pH, but was enhanced later with the pH increase. β-Glucosidase activity showed the lowest values in weeks 1-2, and recovered with the increase of BAA-hydrolysing protease activity. Acetic acid dominated most of the total VFAs in thermophilic digestion, while propionate and butyrate dominated in mesophilic digestion. Thermophilic digestion was confirmed more feasible for achieving better performance against misbalance, especially during the start-up period in a dry anaerobic digestion process.     

Production and application of a novel bioflocculant by multiple-microorganism consortia using brewery wastewater as carbon source

The flocculating activity of a novel bioflocculant MMF1 produced by multiple-microorganism consortia MM1 was investigated. MM1 was composed of strain BAFRT4 identified as Staphylococcus sp. and strain CYGS1 identified as Pseudomonas sp. The flocculating activity of MMF1 isolated from the screening medium was 82.9%, which is remarkably higher than that of the bioflocculant produced by either of the strains under the same condition. Brewery wastewater was also used as the carbon source for MM1, and the cost-effective production medium for MM1 mainly comprised 1.0 L brewery water （chemical oxygen demand （COD） 5000 mg/L）, 0.5 g/L urea, 0.5 g/L yeast extract, and 0.2 g/L （NH4）2SO4. The optimal conditions for the production of MMF1 was inoculum size 2%, initial pH 6.0, cultivating temperature 30℃, and shaking speed 160 r/min, under which the flocculating activity of the MMF1 reached 96.8%. Fifteen grams of purified bioflocculant could be recovered from 1.0 L of fermentation broth. MMF1 was identified as a macromolecular substance containing both protein and polysaccharide. It showed good flocculating performance in treating indigotin printing and dyeing wastewater, and the maximal removal efficiencies of COD and chroma were 79.2% and 86.5%, respectively.     

Anaerobic biodegradation of benzene series compounds by mixed cultures based on optional electronic acceptors

A series of batch experiments were performed using mixed bacterial consortia to investigate biodegradation performance of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and three xylene isomers （BTEX） under nitrate, sulfate and ferric iron reducing conditions. The results showed that toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene and o-xylene could be degraded independently by the mixed cultures coupled to nitrate, sulfate and ferric iron reduction. Under ferric iron reducing conditions the biodegradation of benzene and p-xylene could be occurred only in the presence of other alkylbenzenes. Alkylbenzenes can serve as the primary subs＇rates to stimulate the transformation of benzene and p-xylene under anaerobic conditions. Benzene and p-xylene are more toxic than toluene and ethylbenzene, under the three terminal electron acceptors conditions, the degradation rates decreased with toluene 〉 ethylbenzene 〉 m-xylene 〉 o-xylene〉 benzene 〉 p- xylene. Nitrate was a more favorable electron acceptor compared to sulfate and ferric iron. The ratio between sulfate consumed and the loss of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene was 4.44, 4.51, 4.42, 4.32, 4.37 and 4.23, respectively; the ratio between nitrate consumed and the loss of these substrates was 7.53, 6.24, 6.49, 7.28, 7.81, 7.61, respectively; the ratio between the consumption of ferric iron and the loss of toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene was 17.99, 18.04, 18.07, 17.97, respectively.