高炉喷吹煤评价及配比优化

为了提高某钢厂高炉喷吹煤粉的燃尽率,并实现混煤喷吹的配比最优化,采用热重分析和沉降炉试验研究方法,对单种煤的物化和燃烧性能进行了评价,在此基础上对不同配比的配合煤进行燃烧性能评价。研究结果表明,根据着火点最低和燃尽率最高的选取原则,配合煤的最佳优化配方为:52%混合无烟煤+40%烟煤+8%焦粉,燃烧效果良好。     

GC-C-IRMS测定污染场地土壤中苯系物单体碳同位素比值

选取苯系物中的代表性组分苯、甲苯和二甲苯等化合物,通过热脱附、气相色谱质谱条件的优化及方法学考察,建立了热脱附进样-气相色谱-同位素比值质谱(GC-C-IRMS)测定苯系物单体碳同位素比值的方法。结果表明,单体化合物进样量在0.3μg以上均能满足测定要求;与直接进样方式相比,热脱附进样对单体碳同位素比值测定无分馏影响;标准溶液和苯系物土壤样品测定结果的RSD分别为1.0%~1.7%和0.3%~2.6%。     

Development of a complex-based flow injection spectrophotometric method for determination of the herbicide pinoxaden in environmental samples

A flow injection (FI) spectrophotometric method for the determination of the herbicide pinoxaden (PXD) has been proposed. PXD was converted in alkaline media with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to the hydroxamate salt. The salt was reacted with iron(III) chloride, and the absorbance of the red colored tris iron hydroxamate complex was measured at 500?nm using a FI system. The method was found to be linear between 0.5 and 40?mg?L^?1 with a molar absorptivity of 1.53?×?10^4?L?mol^?1?cm^?1. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were found to be 0.1?±?0.01?mg?L^?1 and 0.6?±?0.05?mg?L^?1, respectively. Any interference of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (FE) was avoided by the separation of PXD by liquid chromatography with a mixture of dichloromethane and n-hexane (1?:?1) as eluent. The method was applied to the determination of PXD in soil, water, and wheat grains with percent recoveries of 98?±?2, 100?±?2, and 98?±?5, respectively. Sample throughput of 60 samples per hour was achieved under optimized conditions.     

顺序进样流动注射光度法测定水中氨氮

将顺序进样与流动注射分光光度法相结合,研发了氨氮自动在线检测仪,用于测定水中氨氮质量浓度.实验结果表明:当进样量为0.39 mL、显色剂体积为0.33 mL、停留时间为5 min、载流液流量为2.0 mL/min时,氨氮质量浓度p与吸光度A在氨氮质量浓度为0～ 15.00 mg/L的范围内呈良好的线性关系,标准工作曲线方程为A=0.01929+ 0.2362,相关系数为0.9993(n=11);检出限为0.020 mg/L;相对标准偏差为0.50％～2.38％;实际水样的加标回收率为94.5％～106.0％.     

城市垃圾填埋场防渗浆材的实验研究

针对垃圾填埋场防渗的特殊要求,通过大量正交实验研究,研制了一种低渗透系数并对污染物有良好阻滞作用的浆材,即膨润土-水泥-粉煤灰(BCF)浆材,包括S型、N型和Z型3种类型。该浆材可泵期可调,结实率>99.6%,结石体28d渗透系数<0.65×10-7cm/s,N型的无侧限抗压强度<1.2MPa,弹性模量在200MPa左右。浆材结石体对COD、氨氮和磷的阻滞率均达到了82%以上,对酞酸酯和常见重金属离子的阻滞率均在99.6%以上。对浆材结石体的防渗性与对污染物阻滞性能的机理进行了研究,并提出渗滤沉积作用和吸附滞留作用阻滞机理。     

注空气驱油过程中N80钢的腐蚀规律研究

目的 探明空气驱工艺条件下套管钢的腐蚀规律,为空气驱工况条件下套管钢的腐蚀防护提供数据支撑.方法 采用高温高压失重挂片法评价N80碳钢的腐蚀速度,利用扫描电镜、能谱分析等手段考察金属表面腐蚀产物膜的形态与组成,研究氧分压、温度以及腐蚀时间对注空气驱油过程中N80钢的腐蚀影响.结果 随着氧分压的增加,N80钢的腐蚀速率总...     

烟气冷凝过程中雾化碱性浆滴脱硫实验研究

简要分析了雾化Ca(OH) 2 浆滴对SO2 气体的吸收过程。在竖直单管冷凝换热器内利用喷入雾化碱性浆滴,研究了影响SO2 气体吸收的主要因素,Ca S值、反应器入口SO2 浓度、雾化空气量、烟气进口温度、烟气雷诺数都会影响对SO2 气体的吸收效果。实验表明,雾化碱性浆滴强化了烟气冷凝脱硫效果。     

燃煤发电厂烟塔合一环境影响之二——华能北京热电厂烟塔合一设计环境影响估算

介绍了德国导则规范的污染物扩散模式.该模式为依照德国2002年空气清洁法研制的拉格朗日模式.利用该模式计算了华能北京热电厂烟塔合一设计通过120m冷却塔排放的烟气对地面造成的附加质量浓度.作为对比计算了与120m冷却塔排放量相同情况下通过240m烟囱排放的烟气对地面造成的附加质量浓度.计算结果表明,通过120m冷却塔排放烟气对地面造成的SO₂和PM₁₀附加年均质量浓度和日最大质量浓度总体小于通过240m烟囱排放对地面造成的结果.      

丹参川芎嗪联合黄芪注射液治疗稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效观察

评价丹参川芎嗪注射液与黄芪注射液合用治疗稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效．将64例稳定型心绞痛患者随机分为两组,治疗组32例用丹参川芎嗪注射液与黄芪注射液各20ml加入5％葡萄糖250mL中静脉输注,每日1次,14d1疗程,用药1疗程;对照组32例用黄芪注射液20ml加入5％葡萄糖250mL中静脉输注,每日1次,14d1疗程,用药1疗程．观察两组临床症状、心电图、血脂等指标．治疗组临床总有效率为93．7％,心电图总有效率为71．9％;对照组分别为53．1％和46．9％,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）．治疗组治疗后血液流变学指标显著降低（P〈0．01）．丹参川芎嗪注射液与黄芪注射液联合治疗稳定型心绞痛疗效确切．表3,表8．     

Environmental toxicity monitoring using electrochemical biosensing systems

Environmental monitoring faces the challenge of measuring an increasing number of analytes at ever decreasing concentrations. Since not all species of a given analyte have the same detrimental impact on the environment, new analytical devices and techniques are required to distinguish between the different species of a pollutant or different groups of pollutants. This paper describes analytical techniques based on biomaterials that are toxically sensitive to pollutants. This approach permits the biomonitoring of certain compounds by looking at their toxic properties. Although these techniques are based on a sound analytical strategy, their applications are limited because most of the interactions between the biological material and the analyte are irreversible. Additionally, the immobilised biological material has a limited stability. Several biomonitoring strategies based on electrochemical biosensing are discussed here and how to recover the bioactivity of biosensing system, both in discrete and automated procedures, is also reviewed.