加速度信号积分求解位移方法研究

目的 研究动力学环境试验分析中时域积分算法和频域积分算法两种加速度信号积分求解位移方法.方法 动力学环境试验中,利用不同算法对被试品测点处所采集到的加速度信号进行二次积分处理,计算求解位移.采集过程中,再利用激光传感器测量位移,以激光所测位移为基准,对比分析不同算法求解结果的准确性,并分析其结果的误差来源、其优缺点及适用范围.结果 在动力学环境试验的不同工况下,两种不同积分法得到的位移数据与激光测定数据基本重合,积分得到的位移最大误差均小于5％,符合实际应用需求.时域积分算法在两次积分中受到噪声以及直流分量误差的影响较大;频域积分算法的计算结果相对更加准确,但是受到低频误差影响较大,具有低频敏感性.结论 在动力学环境试验中,时域积分算法适用于噪声和直流分量可忽略的情况,频域积分算法适应于低频误差较小的情况.对加速度信号数据进行必要且有效的预处理后,时域积分算法和频域积分算法的位移积分结果都具有较高的准确性,能够满足一般工程实际中的测试需求.     

错流式动态膜-生物反应器中污泥活性的研究

应用错流式动态膜-生物反应器(CDMBR)对己内酰胺废水进行了180 d的实验,实验过程中测定反应器的膜出水和上清液的水质,并对污泥进行了耗氧呼吸速率测定.结果表明,上清液COD一直保持在100mg/L以下,而膜出水的则保持在50 mg/L以下,膜对上清液的COD去除率达50%,而对氮的去除没有贡献.可溶性细胞产物(SMP)在反应器内容易积累,停留足够的时间后能被生物降解.通过投加抑制剂测定耗氧呼吸速率,发现异养菌、硝化细菌和亚硝化细菌的活性由于F/M的降低和SMP积累受到一定的抑制,但不影响系统的处理效率.跨膜压力、膜面流速越大,通量衰减得也就越快.     

辽河口沉积物环境要素时空动态及影响因素分析

以辽河口为研究区域,利用遥感影像数据、现状调查数据和历史监测数据,系统地分析了辽河口沉积物质量历史变化趋势和空间分异规律,并进一步研究不同海域使用类型和不同植被演替阶段对沉积物环境要素分异特征的影响.结果表明,辽河口区域沉积物质量总体良好,各要素平均含量均符合一类沉积物质量要求;沉积物营养元素呈现显著的带状分布规律,重金属元素空间分布具有一定随机性,未呈现显著规律;不同海域使用类型对沉积物污染物富集的影响具有一定差异显著性,说明重金属及污染物的分布受到人类活动的影响,具有一定的随机性;植被不同演替阶段下主控因子具有显著差异,初级阶段主要受盐度控制,随着由盐生植被向陆生植被逐渐过渡,植被分布特征与总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)和总磷(TP)的内在联系逐渐增大,同时重金属等污染物含量与植被群落内在联系并不显著.     

浅析求解最大子段和问题的算法

用计算机解决复杂的问题,往往把一个大的、复杂的问题根据其功能划分为不同的模块,每一个模块完成一独立的功能.如果每一个模块用计算机语言来实现,那么当所有模块都实现时,即为对复杂问题的解决.最大子段和问题就是一具有独立功能的小模块,在很多大的问题中都涉及到此问题,用不同的算法解决此问题,并分析其优劣.     

厌氧氨氧化工艺处理高氨氮养殖废水研究

以典型高浓度养殖废水经UASB-短程亚硝化工艺处理后的出水为对象,采用厌氧氨氧化工艺进行脱氮处理研究.以反硝化污泥启动厌氧氨氧化反应器,在此基础上,通过试验确定最佳进水氨氮负荷应处于0.2 kg/(m³·d)左右,系统的HRT定为2 d;通过对系统运行条件研究发现,最佳运行条件为：pH为7.50左右,温度为30℃且系统不需投加有机碳源.在优化条件下,系统最终氨氮去除率能达到85％以上,亚硝态氮去除率达到95％以上,系统运行效果良好,且具有重现性.最后通过动力学理论分析得出氨氮的降解速率为0.012 6 d^－1,亚硝态氮的降解速率为0.013 1 d^-1.通过研究以期为后续工艺、神经网络模拟及“UASB-短程亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化-土地系统"组合新工艺的工程推广应用提供一定的理论依据.     

动态渗透压力法研究水处理滤料的润湿性

润湿性是水处理滤料的一个十分重要的表面性质.以Washburn方程为原理,用动态渗透压力法研究了无烟煤、铝矾土陶瓷及磁铁矿滤料的亲油亲水润湿性.实验结果表明,方法的重现性较好,误差在10%以内.当滤料的粒径范围在0.6～0.9mm之间时.以该法测得无烟煤、铝矾土陶瓷及磁铁矿滤料的亲油亲水比(LHR)值依次为2.511、1.748和1.317,说明无烟煤滤料的亲油性最好,铝矾土陶瓷次之,而磁铁矿的亲油性最差.XPS和FTIR分析结果表明,无烟煤、铝矾土陶瓷及磁铁矿滤料润湿性差别主要归因于其表面化学结构的不同.     

Review of hydrogen safety during storage,transmission, and applications processes

Hydrogen is considered an excellent clean fuel with potential applications in several fields. There are serious safety concerns associated with the hydrogen process. These concerns need to be thoroughly understood and addressed to ensure its safe operation. To better understand the safety challenges of hydrogen use, application, and process, it is essential to undertake a detailed risk analysis. This can be achieved by performing detailed consequence modellings and assessing risk using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. This study comprehensively reviews and analyses safety challenges related to hydrogen, focusing on hydrogen storage, transmission, and application processes. Range of release and dispersion scenarios are investigated to analyse associated hazards. Approaches to quantitative risk assessment are also briefly discussed.     

Green energy generation through PEHF – a blueprint of alternate energy harvesting

In this work, an attempt has been made to harvest green energy from piezoelectric material using fluid flow in a conduit. Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting using Fluid Flow (PEHF) experimental model has been designed and the outputs obtained are compared with results obtained from simulations using ANSYS (computational fluid dynamics) and also with the mathematical modeling. The PEHF model has been utilized to analyze the effect of flow rate of water with reference to energy extracted. The full wave bridge rectifier and voltage doubler circuits have been used to obtain the direct current (DC) from the PEHF model. It is observed that the output obtained using experiments holds good in agreement with the results retrieved through simulations and mathematical results. The increase in flow rate of fluid leads to initially increase and then decrease in output of PEHF model as the maximum energy generated when flow rates (external force) matches with the frequency of excitation of the systems, i.e., at its resonance. The maximum energy output is generated at its resonance frequencies. It is observed that the full wave bridge rectifier circuit gives greater output as compared to a voltage doubler circuit.     

Dynamic contact angle effects on gas-liquid behaviors in the cathode of proton exchange membrane fuel cell with stirred tank reactor design

Liquid water management is still a critical issue in the improvement of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance. In this work, for the first time, the liquid water behavior and transport inside the cathode of a PEMFC with a stirred tank reactor (STR) design, rather than the conventional PEMFC flow channel design, are numerically studied. The dynamic contact angle (DCA) is applied to multiple wall boundaries in the numerical model through a user-defined-function (UDF) code, i.e., STR-DCA model. Another numerical model with the static contact angle (SCA) and same operating conditions, i.e., STR-SCA model, is also developed for comparison. The volume of fluid (VOF) method is employed in the simulation to track the gas-liquid interface. The results show that the liquid water distribution and transport are significantly different between these two models, indicating the remarkable effects of DCA on the simulation results. It is also verified the capability of STR-PEMFC to reduce the liquid water flooding, showing the potential of this channel-less type fuel cell in the further development.     

巷道冲击地压模拟试验及其过程动态演示

以巷道冲击地压灾害为典型案例,通过对巷道类冲击地压事故机理的分析,设计了一项巷道冲击地压试验装置,通过视频剪辑和动画制作技术,实现了对冲击地压试验的全程记录,并利用分频、字幕说明等形式对冲击地压试验动态过程进行了演示和说明。结果表明,该试验装置结合了巷道冲击地压发生原理,以动画方式演示,具有直观、简洁、易于理解的特点,为揭示冲击地压过程及其发生机制提供了一种新方法。